Introduction To The Human Body, 9th Edition by Gerard J. Tortora - Test Bank

Introduction To The Human Body, 9th Edition by Gerard J. Tortora – Test Bank

 

Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers

 

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Package Title: Testbank

Course Title: IHB 9e

Chapter Number: 5

 

 

Question type: Multiple Choice

 

 

1) The skin is the largest organ in the body and is part of the

 

1. a) skeletal system.
2. b) integumentary system.
3. c) muscular system.
4. d) lymphatic system.
5. e) circulatory system.

 

Answer: b

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

2) The function of the lipid-rich secretion released from lamellar granules found in the stratum granulosum is to

 

1. a) block UV rays from the sun.
2. b) toughen the outer layers of the skin.
3. c) act as a water-repellent sealant.
4. d) link dead keratinocytes together in the stratum corneum.
5. e) help form vitamin D.

 

Answer: c

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

3) The medical specialty that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of skin disorders is called

 

1. a) dermatology.
2. b) pathology.
3. c) pharmacology.
4. d) cardiology.
5. e) oncology.

 

Answer: a

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

4) The outermost portion of the skin is the

 

1. a) hypodermis.
2. b) subcutaneous layer.
3. c) dermis.
4. d) epidermis.
5. e) basement membrane.

 

Answer: d

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

5) All of the following are normal functions of the skin EXCEPT

 

1. a) protection.
2. b) vitamin B synthesis.
3. c) excretion.
4. d) temperature regulation.
5. e) sensation.

 

Answer: b

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.3 Describe how the skin contributes to the regulation of body temperature, protection, sensation, excretion and absorption, and synthesis of vitamin D.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.3 Functions of the Skin.

 

 

6) The protein that helps protect skin and underlying cells from abrasions, heat and microbes is called

 

1. a) melanin.
2. b) melatonin.
3. c) keratin.
4. d) actin.
5. e) carotene.

 

Answer: c

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

7) The cells producing the pigment responsible for skin color are the

 

1. a) keratinocytes.
2. b) melanocytes.
3. c) Langerhans cells.
4. d) Merkel cells.
5. e) adipocytes.

 

Answer: b

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.2 Explain the basis for different skin colors.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

8) Cells of the skin’s epidermis that participate in the immune response to microbes are called

 

1. a) keratinocytes.
2. b) melanocytes.
3. c) Merkel cells.
4. d) adipocytes.
5. e) Langerhans cells.

 

Answer: e

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

9) The only layer of the epidermis that contains stem cells capable of continued cell division is the

 

1. a) stratum spinosum.
2. b) stratum basale.
3. c) stratum corneum.
4. d) stratum granulosum.
5. e) stratum lucidum.

 

Answer: b

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

10) The clear layer of the epidermis that is only found in the thick skin located in areas such as the fingertips, palms and soles is the

 

1. a) stratum basale.
2. b) stratum spinosum.
3. c) stratum granulosum.
4. d) stratum lucidum.
5. e) stratum corneum.

 

Answer: d

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

11) All of the following are pigments that contribute to color of an individual’s skin EXCEPT

 

1. a) keratin.
2. b) melanin.
3. c) carotene.
4. d) hemoglobin.
5. e) More than one of the answer selections does not contribute to skin color.

 

Answer: a

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.2 Explain the basis for different skin colors.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

12) An inherited inability of an individual to produce melanin results in a condition known as

 

1. a) freckles.
2. b) melanoma.
3. c) erythema.
4. d) albinism.
5. e) carotenosis.

 

Answer: d

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.2 Explain the basis for different skin colors.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

13) The redness of the skin that can occur during allergic reactions is called

 

1. a) albinism.
2. b) erythema.
3. c) pallor.
4. d) cyanosis.
5. e) jaundice.

 

Answer: b

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.2 Explain the basis for different skin colors.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

14) The primary function of hair on the scalp is

 

1. a) protection.
2. b) sensory perception.
3. c) to increase surface area.
4. d) heat dissipation.
5. e) movement.

 

Answer: a

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

15) The base of a hair follicle is enlarged into an onion-shaped structure called the

 

1. a) root.
2. b) shaft.
3. c) papilla.
4. d) bulb.
5. e) matrix.

 

Answer: d

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

16) The bundle of smooth muscle associated with each hair follicle is called the

 

1. a) orbicularis muscle.
2. b) sebaceous bundle.
3. c) arrector pili muscle.
4. d) hair matrix.
5. e) none of these choices.

 

Answer: c

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

17) Exocrine glands that secrete oil directly on to hair follicles are called

 

1. a) sudoriferous glands.
2. b) apocrine glands.
3. c) ceruminous glands.
4. d) eccrine glands.
5. e) sebaceous glands.

 

Answer: e

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

18) Exocrine glands found in the external auditory canal that secrete protective earwax are called

 

1. a) ceruminous glands.
2. b) sudoriferous glands.
3. c) sebaceous glands.
4. d) eccrine glands.
5. e) apocrine glands.

 

Answer: a

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

19) Perspiration is the substance secreted by

 

1. a) ceruminous glands.
2. b) sudoriferous glands.
3. c) sebaceous glands.
4. d) oil glands.
5. e) salivary glands.

 

Answer: b

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

20) The portion of a fingernail that extends past the end of the finger is called the

 

1. a) nail body.
2. b) nail root.
3. c) lunula.
4. d) free edge.
5. e) nail matrix.

 

Answer: d

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

21) The cuticle of the nail consists of

 

1. a) stratum corneum.
2. b) stratum lucidum.
3. c) nail matrix.
4. d) nail root.
5. e) basement membrane.

 

Answer: a

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

22) All of the following are true for aging skin EXCEPT

 

1. a) collagen fibers decrease in number.
2. b) elastic fibers lose some elasticity.
3. c) macrophages increase in number.
4. d) melanocytes increase in size.
5. e) fibroblasts decrease in number.

 

Answer: c

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.4 Describe the effects of aging on the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.4 Aging and the Integumentary System.

 

 

23) This layer of the epidermis contains dead keratinized cells that are continuously sloughed from the surface of the body.

 

1. a) stratum basale
2. b) stratum lucidum
3. c) stratum corneum
4. d) stratum spinosum
5. e) stratum granulosum

 

Answer: c

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

24) Meissner corpuscles are touch receptors found in the

 

1. a) dermal papillae.
2. b) hypodermis.
3. c) stratum corneum.
4. d) deep dermis just above the hypodermis.
5. e) stratum basale.

 

Answer: a

 

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

25) A burn that penetrates through the entire epidermis and some of the dermis is a

 

1. a) first-degree burn.
2. b) second-degree burn.
3. c) third-degree burn.
4. d) fourth-degree burn.
5. e) blister.

 

Answer: b

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.5 Describe disorders that affect the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.

 

 

26) Which of the following is a condition involving inflammation of the sebaceous glands usually beginning at puberty?

 

1. a) dermatitis
2. b) decubitus
3. c) ulcer
4. d) acne
5. e) psoriasis

 

Answer: d

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

27) The most common form of skin cancer is called

 

1. a) basal cell carcinoma.
2. b) squamous cell carcinoma.
3. c) granular cell carcinoma.
4. d) malignant melanoma.
5. e) epidermal melanoma.

 

Answer: a

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.5 Describe disorders that affect the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.

 

 

28) Which of the following skin conditions is caused by a fungus?

 

1. a) cold sores
2. b) fever blisters
3. c) hives
4. d) athlete’s foot
5. e) psoriasis

 

Answer: d

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.5 Describe disorders that affect the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.

 

 

29) In humans, arrector pili muscles contract in response to

 

1. a) hypovolemic shock.
2. b) physical or chemical trauma.
3. c) moisture on the skin.
4. d) stress like cold or fright.
5. e) skin infections.

 

Answer: d

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

30) Which of the following is a pigment that contributes to the color of both hair and skin?

 

1. a) cerumen
2. b) keratin
3. c) melanin
4. d) sebum
5. e) myoglobin

 

Answer: c

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.2 Explain the basis for different skin colors.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

31) The layer of the epidermis that contains melanocytes is called the

 

1. a) stratum granulosum.
2. b) stratum basale.
3. c) stratum spinosum.
4. d) stratum corneum.
5. e) stratum lucidum.

 

Answer: b

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

32) Which layer of the epidermis thickens during the formation of a callus?

 

1. a) stratum spinosum
2. b) stratum basale
3. c) stratum lucidum
4. d) stratum corneum
5. e) stratum granulosum

 

Answer: d

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

33) Which layer of skin contains large numbers of blood capillaries involved in body temperature regulation?

 

1. a) epidermis
2. b) stratum basale
3. c) stratum corneum
4. d) dermis
5. e) hypodermis

 

Answer: d

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.3 Describe how the skin contributes to the regulation of body temperature, protection, sensation, excretion and absorption, and synthesis of vitamin D.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.3 Functions of the Skin.

 

 

34) Which of following layers associated with the skin would most likely contain a large amount of fat tissue?

 

1. a) dermis
2. b) epidermis
3. c) lamellated corpuscle
4. d) hypodermis
5. e) dermal papillae

 

Answer: d

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

35) Which layer of the skin contains cells that produce pigments that help protect the skin from the sun’s ultraviolet light?

 

1. a) epidermis.
2. b) dermis.
3. c) subcutaneous layer.
4. d) basement membrane.
5. e) parietal layer.

 

Answer: a

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.3 Describe how the skin contributes to the regulation of body temperature, protection, sensation, excretion and absorption, and synthesis of vitamin D.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.3 Functions of the Skin.

 

 

36) Which of the following statements is NOT a correct description of the structure of skin?

 

1. a) The dermis is usually thicker than the epidermis.
2. b) The stratum basale forms the deepest layer of the epidermis.
3. c) The subcutaneous layer is between the dermis and epidermis.
4. d) The dermis contains smooth muscle and nerve tissue.
5. e) The epidermis is avascular.

 

Answer: c

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

37) The difference between sunblock and sunscreen is that

 

1. a) sunscreens completely stop the sun from damaging the skin but sunblocks do not.
2. b) sunblocks shield the skin completely but sunscreens only reduce the damage.
3. c) sunblocks are always physical barriers and sunscreens can be barriers or chemicals.
4. d) sunblocks contain more ozone than sunscreens.
5. e) there is no difference between a sunscreen and sunblock.

 

Answer: b

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.5 Describe disorders that affect the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.

 

 

38) Which of the following is NOT considered to be a risk factor for skin cancer?

 

1. a) skin type
2. b) family history
3. c) individual’s sex
4. d) sun exposure
5. e) age

 

Answer: c

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.5 Describe disorders that affect the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.

 

 

39) Which of the following statements is NOT true concerning methods of slowing or reversing the effects of aging on skin?

 

1. a) Topical products can be used to bleach the skin.
2. b) Microdermabrasion can improve skin texture and reduce blemishes.
3. c) Chemical peels can improve skin texture and reduce blemishes.
4. d) Botox paralyzes wrinkle muscles.
5. e) Sunless tanners help protect skin from UVB rays.

 

Answer: e

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.4 Describe the effects of aging on the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.4 Aging and the Integumentary System.

 

 

40) Which of the following scientific terms means “within the skin”?

 

1. a) intradermal
2. b) hypodermal
3. c) transdermal
4. d) subcutaneous
5. e) pruritus

 

Answer: a

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.5 Describe disorders that affect the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.

 

 

41) The general term for any form of itching is

 

1. a) psoriasis.
2. b) eczema.
3. c) pruritus.
4. d) impetigo.
5. e) contact dermatitis.

 

Answer: c

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.5 Describe disorders that affect the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.

 

 

42) During tattooing, ink is deposited into the ___ of the skin.

 

1. a) epidermis
2. b) dermis
3. c) hypodermis
4. d) subcutaneous fat
5. e) capillary loops of the dermal papillae

 

Answer: b

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.2 Explain the basis for different skin colors.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

43) In response to high environmental temperatures or increased heat production during exercise, all of the following responses would occur in skin EXCEPT

 

1. a) increased blood flow near the surface of the skin.
2. b) vasodilation of blood vessels in the dermis of the skin.
3. c) increased secretion from sudoriferous glands.
4. d) increased evaporation of sweat from the skin.
5. e) contraction of arrector pili muscles.

 

Answer: e

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.3 Describe how the skin contributes to the regulation of body temperature, protection, sensation, excretion and absorption, and synthesis of vitamin D.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.3 Functions of the Skin.

 

 

44) Malignant melanoma is a life-threatening type of skin cancer that arises from unregulated growth and division of

 

1. a) Langerhans cells.
2. b) keratinocytes.
3. c) Merkel cells.
4. d) melanocytes.
5. e) fibroblasts.

 

Answer: d

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.5 Describe disorders that affect the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.

 

 

45) Which of the following is NOT an early warning sign that a mole or skin discoloration is potentially melanoma?

 

1. a) asymmetry
2. b) irregular border
3. c) uneven coloration
4. d) diameter greater than 6 millimeters
5. e) protruding above the skin surface by at least 5 millimeters

 

Answer: e

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.5 Describe disorders that affect the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.

 

 

Question type: True/False

 

 

46) The hypodermis is the layer of skin adjacent to the epidermis.

 

Answer: False

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

47) Langerhans cells are important components in the immune defense of the skin.

 

Answer: True

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

48) The skin produces vitamin D after exposure to UV light.

 

Answer: True

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.3 Describe how the skin contributes to the regulation of body temperature, protection, sensation, excretion and absorption, and synthesis of vitamin D.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.3 Functions of the Skin.

 

 

49) The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin.

 

Answer: True

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

50) The stratum spinosum of the skin has a high mitotic activity.

 

Answer: False

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

51) The dermis contains both elastic and collagen fibers.

 

Answer: True

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

52) The deepest layer of the epidermis contains adipose tissue.

 

Answer: False

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

53) Carotene is a pigment of the skin.

 

Answer: True

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.2 Explain the basis for different skin colors.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

54) Carotene tends to form patches in the skin called freckles.

 

Answer: False

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.2 Explain the basis for different skin colors.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

55) Increased secretion of androgens at puberty stimulates typical body hair growth patterns in both adolescent males and females.

 

Answer: True

 

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

56) The hair matrix within the follicle produces new hairs by cell division.

 

Answer: True

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

57) Gray hair contains more melanin than blond or red hair.

 

Answer: False

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

58) Sebum is secreted by sweat glands.

 

Answer: False

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

59) The arrector pili muscle attaches directly to the root of a hair.

 

Answer: False

 

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

60) Smoking greatly accelerates the loss of elasticity of elastic fibers in the skin leading to premature aging.

 

Answer: True

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.4 Describe the effects of aging on the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.4 Aging and the Integumentary System.

 

 

61) The easiest place to find large amounts of adipose tissue in the skin is in the dermis.

 

Answer: False

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

62) Ceruminous glands are found in the external auditory canal and secrete wax.

 

Answer: True

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

63) Freckles are an accumulation of melanin.

 

Answer: True

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.2 Explain the basis for different skin colors.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

64) A corn is a painful thickening of the stratum basale between the toes.

 

Answer: False

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.5 Describe disorders that affect the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.

 

 

65) A heightened sensitivity of the skin to sunlight is called photosensitivity, which is characterized by reddening, itching, blistering, peeling, hives and even shock.

 

Answer: True

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.5 Describe disorders that affect the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.

 

 

66) Frequent showers and water exposure help maintain the skin’s moisture.

 

Answer: False

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.5 Describe disorders that affect the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.

 

 

67) Merkel cells and tactile discs detect touch sensations in the skin.

 

Answer: True

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

68) Androgenic alopecia is a name for genetic condition also known as male-pattern baldness.

 

Answer: True

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

69) Dandruff is excessive shedding of keratinized cells from the scalp.

 

Answer: True

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

70) Differences in the skin color of people are primarily due to the number of melanocytes found in their epidermis.

 

Answer: False

 

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.2 Explain the basis for different skin colors.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

71) Keratinocytes are found exclusively in the outer strata of the epidermis.

 

Answer: False

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

Question type: Text Entry

 

 

72) The pigment formed in specialized cells found in the stratum basale is ___.

 

Answer: melanin

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.2 Explain the basis for different skin colors.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

73) Cold receptors are free nerve endings found in the ___.

 

Answer: dermis

 

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

74) Cancer involving the unregulated cellular division of ___ is considered to be one of the most serious skin cancers.

 

Answer: melanocytes

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.5 Describe disorders that affect the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.

 

 

75) The superficial portion of the hair that projects above the surface of the skin is the ___.

 

Answer: shaft

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

76) Plates of tightly packed, hard, dead, keratinized cells of the epidermis found at the distal end of fingers and toes are referred to as ___.

 

Answer: nails

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

77) The portion of a fingernail that is visible from the surface is the ___.

 

Answer: nail body

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

78) The whitish portion of a fingernail found near the nail root is called the ___.

 

Answer: lunula

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

79) A burn that involves the surface of the epidermis only is a ___ -degree burn.

 

Answer: first

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.5 Describe disorders that affect the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.

 

 

80) ___ are pressure ulcers caused by decreased blood circulation to an area of the skin.

 

Answer: Bedsores (decubitus ulcers)

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.5 Describe disorders that affect the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.

 

 

81. Excessive exposure of the skin to the sun can result in deadly ___.

 

Answer: skin cancers

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.5 Describe disorders that affect the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.

 

 

82) Cold sores or fever blisters are caused by a ___.

 

Answer: virus

 

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.5 Describe disorders that affect the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.

 

 

83) Any medication that is applied to the skin surface is considered a ___ medication.

 

Answer: topical

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.5 Describe disorders that affect the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.

 

 

84) The layer below the dermis is called the ___.

 

Answer: hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)

 

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

85) Merkel cells are found in the ___.

 

Answer: epidermis

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

86) Finger-like extensions of the dermis that project into the undersurface of the epidermis are called ___.

 

Answer: dermal papillae

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

87) Each hair follicle is surrounded by free nerve endings called the ___.

 

Answer: hair root plexus

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

88) The color of blackheads is due to the presence of ___ and ___ within an enlarged sebaceous gland.

 

Answer: melanin; oxidized oil

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

89) Sweat glands associated with hair follicles are classified as ___ glands.

 

Answer: apocrine

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

90) Its takes approximately four weeks on average for a new keratinocyte to move from the stratum ___ to the stratum ___.

 

Answer: basale; corneum

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

91) Tumors of the adrenal glands, ovaries, or testes can lead to ___, which is a condition of excessive body hair growth.

 

Answer: hirsutism

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

92) The nicotine patch used to help people stop smoking is an example of ___ drug administration.

 

Answer: transdermal

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.3 Describe how the skin contributes to the regulation of body temperature, protection, sensation, excretion and absorption, and synthesis of vitamin D.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.3 Functions of the Skin.

 

 

Question type: Essay

 

 

93) List the common functions of the skin.

 

Answer:

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.3 Describe how the skin contributes to the regulation of body temperature, protection, sensation, excretion and absorption, and synthesis of vitamin D.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.3 Functions of the Skin.

Solution: 1) Regulation of body temperature

2) Protection

3) Sensation

4) Excretion

5) Vitamin D synthesis

 

 

94) Name the layers of the epidermis found in thick skin from the deepest to the most superficial layer.

 

Answer:

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

Solution: 1) Stratum basale

2) Stratum spinosum

3) Stratum granulosum

4) Stratum lucidum

5) Stratum corneum

 

 

95) Name the exocrine glands associated with the skin and name the product each of these glands secretes.

 

Answer:

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

Solution: 1) Sebaceous glands (oil glands) secrete sebum, an oily substance.

2) Sudoriferous glands (sweat glands) secrete perspiration or sweat.

3) Ceruminous glands secrete a product that mixes with sebaceous gland secretions to form cerumen or earwax.

 

 

96) Use the rule of nines to estimate the surface area affected by a burn in an adult with third degree burns over the anterior and posterior surfaces of the right leg, and the anterior and posterior surfaces of the right arm.

 

Answer:

 

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.5 Describe disorders that affect the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.

Solution: right leg = 9% (anterior) + 9% (posterior) = 18%; right arm = 9% (anterior and posterior); total = 18% + 9% = 27%.

 

 

Question type: Multiple Choice

 

 

97) A subcutaneous (subQ) injection is delivered to the region of the diagram labeled

1. a) C.
2. b) D.
3. c) E.
4. d) F.
5. e) G.

 

Answer: c

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

98) Which of the following does NOT accurately describe the region labeled C in the diagram?

1. a) most superficial layer of the skin
2. b) stratified cuboidal epithelium
3. c) contains the protective protein called keratin
4. d) made up of 4 to 5 layers of cells
5. e) contains 4 principal types of cells

 

Answer: b

 

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

99) A third-degree burn would damage

1. a) layer C only.
2. b) layer D only.
3. c) structure B only.
4. d) layers C and D, and structure B.
5. e) all of the labeled layers or structures.

 

Answer: e

 

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.5 Describe disorders that affect the integumentary system.

Section Reference 1: Common Disorders.

 

 

100) Which of labeled structures in the diagram secretes a viscous protein and lipid-rich sweat that leads to body odor when it is broken down by bacteria on the surface of skin?

1. a) C
2. b) D
3. c) E
4. d) G
5. e) H

 

Answer: e

 

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

101) Which of the labeled structures is responsible for the production of “goosebumps” during stress conditions like fear and cold?

1. a) A
2. b) B
3. c) C
4. d) D
5. e) I

 

Answer: d

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

102) Which of the labeled accessory structures in the diagram consists of two layers of epidermal cells surrounded by a connective tissue sheath?

1. a) C
2. b) D
3. c) E
4. d) F
5. e) I

 

Answer: c

 

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.2 Describe the structure and functions of hair, skin glands, and nails.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.2 Accessory Structures of the Skin.

 

 

103) Which of the labeled layers of the epidermis shown in the diagram produce lamellar granules containing the “water-proofing” chemicals found in skin?

1. a) A
2. b) B
3. c) C
4. d) D
5. e) E

 

Answer: c

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

104) Which of the labeled epidermal layers in the diagram is found in “thick skin” but not in “thin skin”?

1. a) A
2. b) B
3. c) C
4. d) D
5. e) E

 

Answer: b

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.

 

 

105) Which of the labeled epidermal cells in the diagram helps the immune system to recognize foreign microbes present in the skin?

1. a) F
2. b) G
3. c) H
4. d) I
5. e) J

 

Answer: c

 

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective 1: LO 5.1 Describe the composition of the epidermis and dermis.

Learning Objective 2: LO 5.1.1 Describe the structure and functions of the skin.

Section Reference 1: Section 5.1 Skin.