Chapter 32--Lower Airway Dysfunction: Nursing Management

Chapter 32–Lower Airway Dysfunction: Nursing Management

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. The nurse is reviewing clients for risk factors in the development of pneumonia. Which of the following clients would be at the highest risk for developing this disorder?

1.	A 48-year-old client experiencing menopause
2.	An 18-year-old client with abdominal pain
3.	A 23-year-old client diagnosed with sickle-cell anemia and a cough
4.	A 3-year-old client with fever

 

 

ANS:  3

High-risk groups for acquiring pneumonia are people with diabetes, infants 6- to 23-months old, and those with a chronic illness such as sickle-cell anemia. Menopause and abdominal pain are not symptoms associated with pneumonia. Fever in a 3-year-old client could be caused by many disorders and not necessarily pneumonia.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Analyze

REF:   Box 32-1 High-Risk Indicators for Acquiring Pneumonia

 

2. A client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is experiencing pneumonia. The nurse applies oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula. When the nurse leaves the room, a family member increases the oxygen to 5 L. Which complication may occur?

1.	Angina
2.	Apnea
3.	Metabolic acidosis
4.	Respiratory alkalosis

 

 

ANS:  2

The COPD client’s drive to breathe is hypoxia. Increasing the oxygen removes this drive and leads to apnea. Angina occurs because of decreased oxygen to the myocardial tissues. Neither respiratory alkalosis nor metabolic acidosis would occur with the increased oxygen level.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Analyze         REF:   Safety First: Oxygen Therapy

 

3. The nurse has a positive PPD during the last testing cycle for tuberculosis. Which of the following is indicated for this nurse?

1.	Nothing
2.	Chest x-rays every 2 months
3.	Pharmacological treatment
4.	Admission for inpatient treatment

 

 

ANS:  3

Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when a person exposed to the mycobacterium has a positive PPD test. This person is without an active clinical picture and has a 10% chance of developing TB if preventive pharmacological treatment is not initiated. The nurse needs pharmacological treatment. Doing nothing could result in active disease. The nurse does not need chest x-rays every 2 months or admission for inpatient treatment.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Apply            REF:   Tuberculosis: Pathophysiology

 

4. A client undergoes a purified protein derivative (PPD) test. The test should be read:

1.	immediately after the test.
2.	24 to 48 hours after the test.
3.	48 to 72 hours after the test.
4.	anytime after 72 hours.

 

 

ANS:  3

A small amount of tuberculin is injected directly under the skin at the site and is read 48 to 72 hours after the test. The test should not be read immediately afterwards or within 24 to 48 hours. If the test is read after 72 hours, the test may need to be repeated.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Apply            REF:   Tuberculosis: Diagnostic Tests

 

5. The nurse is instructing a client on ways to reduce the transmission of tuberculosis. Which of the following should be included in these instructions?

1.	The disease is transmitted by inhaling droplets exhaled by an infected person.
2.	The disease is transmitted by not fully cooking foods.
3.	The disease is transmitted by not washing hands.
4.	The disease is transmitted by sexual contact.

 

 

ANS:  1

Tuberculosis is transmitted by inhaling the bacillus present in the air. The bacillus is present in the air after an infected person has coughed, sneezed, or expectorated.Tuberculosis is not transmitted through poorly cooked foods, poor handwashing, or sexual contact.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Apply            REF:   Tuberculosis: Patient and Family Teaching