Chapter 17: Human Development: Conception through Adolescence

Chapter 17: Human Development: Conception through Adolescence

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. The nurse is asked by the parent of a pediatric patient to explain the difference between growth and development. Which response by the nurse is best?

a.	“Growth is physical while development relates to physical, emotional, and cognitive function.”
b.	“There really is no difference between the two since they occur simultaneously.”
c.	“Development refers to musculoskeletal and nervous system abilities and growth is a change in height and weight.”
d.	“Both refer to an increase in abilities and functions of the child that occur sequentially over time.”

 

 

ANS:  A

Growth relates to physical changes in height and weight. Development refers to changes in ability across several dimensions such as physical, emotional, and cognitive. Stating that the two are not really different does not show understanding of this difference. Development is not related strictly to changes in specific body systems. Although both refer to increases in abilities and functioning over time, this answer is too vague to give the parent useful information.

 

DIF:    Understanding                                 REF:   p. 236             OBJ:   17.2

TOP:   Teaching/Learning

MSC:  NCLEX Client Needs Category: Psychosocial Integrity      NOT:  Concepts: Development

 

2. The pediatric nurse is treating a patient who has questions about safer sexual practices. The patient states, “I think I should wait until marriage to be sexually active because I’m not sure sex is OK outside of marriage.” The nurse understands the student is acting with which component of Freud’s theory?

a.	Id
b.	Ego
c.	Superego
d.	Anal

 

 

ANS:  C

The superego is the structure that houses the moral branch of personality. The Id acts strictly on instinct without consideration of reality. The Ego is partly conscious but does not consider right from wrong. Freud’s theory contains the “anal phase”.

 

DIF:    Understanding                                 REF:   p. 236             OBJ:   17.1

TOP:   Assessment    MSC:  NCLEX Client Needs Category: Psychosocial Integrity

NOT:  Concepts: Development

 

3. The nurse is collecting a history from the parents of a 4-year-old female at a well-child visit. The parents express concern that they often find their daughter performing what appears to be masturbation. The nurse offers reassurance by explaining which stage of development according to Freud?

a.	Oral
b.	Phallic
c.	Anal
d.	Latency

 

 

ANS:  B

The phallic stage occurs between the ages of 3 and 6 years, and pleasure centers on the child’s discovery that self-stimulation is enjoyable. The oral stage is seen in infants where pleasure centers around the mouth and putting things in the mouth. The Anal stage occurs between 18 months and 3 years of age and is when tension and release of tension occur through anal elimination. The latency stage occurs between the ages of 6 years and puberty during which interest in sexuality is repressed.

 

DIF:    Understanding                                 REF:   pp. 236-237    OBJ:   17.1

TOP:   Teaching/Learning

MSC:  NCLEX Client Needs Category: Psychosocial Integrity      NOT:  Concepts: Development

 

4. A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to a new mother about the Erikson stage of trust versus mistrust. What education should the nurse provide to the mother to help her child successfully master this stage?

a.	Consistently provide your child with food and attention.
b.	Ensure someone is able to feed your child on a schedule.
c.	Allow unrestricted crawling and exploring as the child develops.
d.	Provide firm guidelines for behavior and activities.

 

 

ANS:  A

The most important item needed for a child to master this stage of development is a consistent caregiver who provides food and attention. If the caregiver is inconsistent or unable to meet these needs, the child will develop mistrust of those around him. Ensuring that someone feeds the child is not providing consistency. Allowing exploration within limits (setting boundaries) is important to master initiative vs. shame and doubt.

 

DIF:    Understanding                                 REF:   p. 237             OBJ:   17.1

TOP:   Teaching/Learning

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Psychosocial Integrity  NOT:   Concepts