Chapter 14: Overview of the Circulation; Biophysics of Pressure, Flow, and Resistance

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

1. A 50-year-old woman has a renal blood flow of 1,000 mL/min and hematocrit of 50. Her arterial pressure is 120 mmHg and her renal venous pressure is 20 mmHg. She also has a plasma colloid osmotic pressure of 25 mmHg. Which of the following is the total renal vascular resistance (in mmHg/mL/min) in this woman?

1. 0.10
2. 0.20
3. 0.50
4. 1.00
5. 1.50

ANS: A

2. Under control conditions, flow through a blood vessel is 10 mL/min under a pressure gradient of 100 mmHg. An increase in which of the following would occur in response to a twofold increase in the diameter of the vessel and the pressure gradient was maintained at 100 mmHg?

1. Vascular resistance
2. Hematocrit
3. Vascular conductance
4. Blood viscosity
5. Plasma oncotic pressure

ANS: C

3. A decrease in the diameter of an arteriole would most likely result in which of the following sets of changes in the microcirculation?

                        Conductance               Blood Flow                             Resistance

1.             ­                                  ­                                              ­
2.             ­                                  ­                                              ¯
3.             ­                                  ¯                                              ¯
4.             ­                                  ¯                                              ­
5.             ¯                                  ¯                                              ¯
6.             ¯                                  ¯                                              ­
7.             ¯                                  ­                                              ­
8.             ¯                                  ­                                              ¯

ANS: F

4. Which vessel has the highest vascular resistance?

ANS: A

5. Which one the following would tend to cause an increase in blood flow?
6. An increase in hematocrit
7. A decrease in arterial pressure
8. A twofold increase in arteriole diameter
9. A twofold increase in blood viscosity

ANS: C