Chapter 15: Maternal and Fetal Nutrition

Chapter 15: Maternal and Fetal Nutrition

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. Which nutrient’s recommended dietary allowance (RDA) is higher during lactation than during pregnancy?

a.	Energy (kcal)
b.	Iron
c.	Vitamin A
d.	Folic acid

 

 

ANS:  A

Nutrient needs for energy—protein, calcium, iodine, zinc, B vitamins, and vitamin C—remain higher during lactation than during pregnancy. The need for iron is not higher during lactation than during pregnancy. A lactating woman does not have a greater requirement for vitamin A than a nonpregnant woman. Folic acid requirements are the highest during the first trimester of pregnancy.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remember            REF:   p. 364             TOP:   Nursing Process: Planning

MSC:  Client Needs: Physiologic Integrity

 

2. A pregnant woman’s diet consists almost entirely of whole grain breads and cereals, fruits, and vegetables. Which dietary requirement is the nurse most concerned about?

a.	Calcium
b.	Protein
c.	Vitamin B12
d.	Folic acid

 

 

ANS:  C

A pregnant woman’s diet is consistent with that followed by a strict vegetarian (vegan). Vegans consume only plant products. Because vitamin B₁₂ is found in foods of animal origin, this diet is deficient in vitamin B₁₂. Depending on the woman’s food choices, a pregnant woman’s diet may be adequate in calcium. Protein needs can be sufficiently met by a vegetarian diet. The nurse should be more concerned with the woman’s intake of vitamin B₁₂ attributable to her dietary restrictions. Folic acid needs can be met by enriched bread products.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remember            REF:   p. 354

TOP:   Nursing Process: Assessment           MSC:  Client Needs: Physiologic Integrity

 

3. Which statement made by a lactating woman leads the nurse to believe that the client might have lactose intolerance?

a.	“I always have heartburn after I drink milk.”
b.	“If I drink more than a cup of milk, I usually have abdominal cramps and bloating.”
c.	“Drinking milk usually makes me break out in hives.”
d.	“Sometimes I notice that I have bad breath after I drink a cup of milk.”

 

 

ANS:  B

Lactose intolerance, which is an inability to digest milk sugar because of a lack of the enzyme lactose in the small intestine, is a problem that interferes with milk consumption. Milk consumption may cause abdominal cramping, bloating, and diarrhea in such people, although many lactose-intolerant individuals can tolerate small amounts of milk without symptoms. A woman with lactose intolerance is more likely to experience bloating and cramping, not heartburn. A client who breaks out in hives after consuming milk is more likely to have a milk allergy and should be advised to simply brush her teeth after consuming dairy products.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply                   REF:   p. 353

TOP:   Nursing Process: Assessment           MSC:  Client Needs: Physiologic Integrity

 

4. A client states that she does not drink milk. Which foods should the nurse encourage this woman to consume in greater amounts to increase her calcium intake?

a.	Fresh apricots
b.	Canned clams
c.	Spaghetti with meat sauce
d.	Canned sardines

 

 

ANS:  D

Sardines are rich in calcium. Fresh apricots, canned clams, and spaghetti with meat sauce are not high in calcium.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understand            REF:   p. 352             TOP:   Nursing Process: Planning

MSC:   Client Needs: Physiologic Integrity