Chapter 32: The Musculoskeletal System

Chapter 32: The Musculoskeletal System

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. The nurse is discussing actions that can be taken to best prevent osteoporosis with a patient. The nurse’s teaching should include:

a.	taking an extra calcium supplement.
b.	eating a balanced diet.
c.	exercising throughout life.
d.	eating daily amounts of milk products.

 

 

ANS:  C

A lifetime of even mild daily exercise will delay or prevent osteoporosis.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   718-719         OBJ:   4 (theory)

TOP:   Osteoporosis: Supplement                KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

2. When the patient asks what the purpose of goniometry is, the nurse replies that goniometry measures:

a.	bone strength.
b.	muscle density.
c.	muscle strength.
d.	range of motion.

 

 

ANS:  D

Goniometry measures joint mobility, described as the number of degrees that the joint can move from the 0-degree mark.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   719                OBJ:   2 (clinical)

TOP:   Goniometry: Joint Mobility              KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort

 

3. The nurse is aware that positioning and range-of-motion (ROM) exercises most help the immobilized patient to prevent:

a.	increased pain.
b.	contractures.
c.	pressure ulcers.
d.	compromised circulation.

 

 

ANS:  B

Although positioning may help decrease pain and increase circulation, anatomical alignment and ROM exercises are most helpful in preventing contractures in the immobilized patient. Pressure ulcers are prevented by frequent position changes.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                REF:   719                OBJ:   2 (clinical)

TOP:   Contractures: Prevention                  KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Planning

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

4. The nurse adds interventions for range-of-motion (ROM) and isometric exercises for the new patient with a stroke because the nurse is aware that contracture formation begins as early as _____ day(s) of immobilization.

a.	1
b.	2
c.	3
d.	10

 

 

ANS:  C

Contracture-related muscle changes occur as early as 3 days of immobilization.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   727                OBJ:   2 (clinical)

TOP:   Process of Contracture Formation: Time Frame

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Planning        MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

5. The nurse explains that, if muscles are not regularly stretched and contracted, the muscles will become:

a.	longer and flexed.
b.	fibrosed and spastic.
c.	shorter and less elastic.
d.	shorter and painful.

 

 

ANS:  C

The formation of contractures (shortening of skeletal muscle tissue causing deformity), loss of muscle tone, and fixation of joints can be prevented in most cases by consistent nursing intervention. The major components of the intervention are gradual mobilization, an exercise program, proper positioning, and instruction of the patient and family. Within a matter of a few days, the structures of immobilized muscles and joints begin to undergo changes. If no effort is made to prevent these changes, the patient will become permanently disabled.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   727                OBJ:   2 (clinical)

TOP:   Immobility: Effect on Muscles         KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:   NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance