Chapter 25: Care of Patients with Infection

Chapter 25: Care of Patients with Infection

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. After an infection control in-service, which statement by the nurse demonstrates an accurate understanding of the mode of transmission of influenza?

a.	“I will not develop the infection unless I have physical contact with the client.”
b.	“I should wear an N95 respirator to provide care for the client with influenza.”
c.	“I should try to stay at least 3 feet away from the client, if at all possible.”
d.	“The infection is spread through droplets suspended in the air and inhaled.”

 

 

ANS:  C

Influenza is transmitted via droplets. Droplets are produced when a person talks or sneezes and travel short distances (up to 3 feet) but are not suspended in the air for long. Staff should stay at least 3 feet (1 m) away from a client with droplet infection. Actual physical contact with the client is not necessary for infection to occur. It is not necessary for staff to wear an N95 respirator mask for Droplet Precautions; these masks are used in the care of clients with tuberculosis.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application/Applying or higher               REF:   N/A

TOP:   Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment (Safety and Infection Control—Standard Precautions/Transmission-Based Precautions/Surgical Asepsis)

MSC:  Integrated Process: Nursing Process (Planning)

 

2. The nurse is told that a client with measles is being admitted. Which action by the nurse is best?

a.	Implement Contact Precautions.
b.	Check negative airflow monitors.
c.	Ensure that hand sanitizer is readily available.
d.	Place the client in a room with another measles client.

 

 

ANS:  B

Clients with measles require Airborne Precautions, which include being placed in a room with specially monitored negative airflow. Before admitting the client with measles, the nurse should ensure that the airflow monitors are working properly. Contact Precautions are not used for measles. Having hand sanitizer is always a good idea, but it is not the most important action. Placing the client with another measles client is a possible action if more than one case is present (e.g., during an outbreak), but the most important thing is to ensure that Airborne Precautions can be maintained for safety.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application/Applying or higher               REF:   N/A

TOP:   Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment (Safety and Infection Control—Standard Precautions/Transmission-Based Precautions/Surgical Asepsis)

MSC:  Integrated Process: Nursing Process (Planning)

 

3. A client and his family are waiting for the results of clinical tests to determine whether the client has an infection. They are becoming anxious. What is the most important assessment that the nurse should make of the client and family members?

a.	Understanding of insurance reimbursement for testing
b.	Use of appropriate coping mechanisms for anxiety
c.	Understanding of the infectious disease process
d.	Understanding of the diagnostic procedures

 

 

ANS:  D

Assess the client’s and family’s level of understanding about various diagnostic procedures and the time required to obtain test results. This is more important than whether the family has any understanding of their insurance and will help reduce anxiety if understanding is accurate. The client with an infectious disease often has psychosocial concerns. Delay in diagnosis caused by the need to wait for clinical test results produces anxiety. Plan education on infection risk reduction when the client and the family are ready to learn.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application/Applying or higher               REF:   N/A

TOP:   Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance (Principles of Teaching/Learning)

MSC:  Integrated Process: Nursing Process (Assessment)

 

4. The nurse is preparing to administer a prescribed IV antibiotic to a client admitted with a serious infection. Which action by the nurse is most important?

a.	Check the IV for patency.
b.	Assess the client for allergies.
c.	Double check the “five rights.”
d.	Teach the client about the drug.

 

 

ANS:  B

All actions are appropriate and important before administering any medications. However, client safety is the priority. The nurse should first assess the client for medication allergies by asking the client or checking the chart (or both). Ensuring a patent IV and checking the five rights will not protect the client from an allergic reaction.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application/Applying or higher               REF:   N/A

TOP:   Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment (Safety and Infection Control—Accident/Injury Prevention)

MSC:  Integrated Process: Nursing Process (Implementation)