Chapter 14: Care of Patients with Disorders of the Lower Respiratory System

Chapter 14: Care of Patients with Disorders of the Lower Respiratory System

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. The patient with acute bronchitis asks if antibiotics will be ordered for the condition. Which response is best for the nurse to make?

a.	“Antibiotics are the best treatment option.”
b.	“Antibiotics will not help a viral condition.”
c.	“Antibiotics will be given if the sputum culture indicates your bronchitis is caused by bacteria.”
d.	“Antibiotics will inhibit the inflammatory response of your body to the invasion of this infection.”

 

 

ANS:  C

Bronchitis is treated symptomatically with humidification and cough medications. Antibiotics are only given if the sputum culture suggests it.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   290

OBJ:   1 (theory)       TOP:   Bronchitis: Treatment

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological Therapies

 

2. The nurse is assessing the patient with influenza. The patient reports having general malaise and aching muscles over the past 2 weeks. The nurse suspects that the patient may have developed which complication of influenza?

a.	Bronchitis
b.	Bacterial pneumonia
c.	Urinary infection
d.	Encephalitis

 

 

ANS:  B

Bacterial pneumonia is a common complication of influenza and may present with atypical symptoms of only general malaise and muscle aches, making it difficult to recognize the symptoms of pneumonia. Bronchitis, urinary infections, and encephalitis are not common complications of influenza.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   293

OBJ:   1 (theory)       TOP:   Complications of Influenza: Pneumonia

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Planning        MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

3. What is the purpose of treatment with amantadine (Symmetrel)?

a.	To prevent viral pneumonia if taken regularly.
b.	To prevent avian flu if taken at the first signs and symptoms of disease.
c.	To lessen the severity of type A flu symptoms if taken within 48 hours of exposure.
d.	To reduce irritation of bronchitis if taken weekly.

 

 

ANS:  C

Amantadine (Symmetrel) is an antiviral medication that may be given within 48 hours of exposure or within 48 hours of the onset of influenza symptoms. It is not a drug that is taken regularly and will not stop the spread of the avian flu.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge            REF:   291

OBJ:   1 (theory)       TOP:   Treatment: Amantadine

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological Therapies

 

4. The nurse is caring for a patient with suspected bacterial pneumonia. Which finding supports the potential diagnosis?

a.	Elevated white blood cell (WBC) count
b.	Consolidation of lung tissue
c.	Interstitial inflammation
d.	Copious exudate

 

 

ANS:  C

Viral pneumonia causes interstitial inflammation with attendant edema. White blood cell (WBC) count will not be elevated and no exudate is consolidating the lung as with bacterial pneumonia.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   292

OBJ:   1 (theory)       TOP:   Pneumonia: Viral

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

5. The 79-year-old patient with bacterial pneumonia becomes increasingly restless, confused, and agitated. The patient’s temperature is 100° F, and his pulse, blood pressure, and respirations are elevated since the last assessment 6 hours ago. What action should the nurse take first?

a.	Auscultate the patient’s lungs.
b.	Assess the patient’s oxygen saturation.
c.	Administer the mild sedative as ordered.
d.	Administer an ordered analgesic for discomfort.

 

 

ANS:  B

Outward signs of hypoxia vary in patients, but dyspnea, restlessness, and confusion are the most common signs. While blood gas analysis is the most reliable indicator, bedside assessment pulse oximetry is quick, noninvasive, and gives a snapshot of oxygen saturation. The nurse should auscultate the patient’s lungs after obtaining the oxygen saturation. Medications for sedation or discomfort do not address the patient’s current condition.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                REF:   321

OBJ:   2 (theory)       TOP:   Hypoxia         KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance