Module 44 Ethics

Module 44   Ethics

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

The Concept of Ethics

 

1) The nurse is caring for a client in the intensive care unit (ICU) who was in a motor vehicle accident. The physician asks the nurse to extubate the client because there is no communication between the brain and body due to a cervical fracture. The family agrees with the decision of the physician, but the nurse is uncomfortable pulling the tube. The nurse is experiencing difficulty because of:

1. A) An ethical conflict.
2. B) Personal values.
3. C) Legal issues.
4. D) Cultural values.

Answer:  B

Explanation:

1. A) The nurse is distressed because of personal values, which are in conflict with causing the client’s death. The decision is within ethical principles. Cultural values are not in evidenced in this instance. Extubating this client would not be a legal decision.
2. B) The nurse is distressed because of personal values, which are in conflict with causing the client’s death. The decision is within ethical principles. Cultural values are not in evidenced in this instance. Extubating this client would not be a legal decision.
3. C) The nurse is distressed because of personal values, which are in conflict with causing the client’s death. The decision is within ethical principles. Cultural values are not in evidenced in this instance. Extubating this client would not be a legal decision.
4. D) The nurse is distressed because of personal values, which are in conflict with causing the client’s death. The decision is within ethical principles. Cultural values are not in evidenced in this instance. Extubating this client would not be a legal decision.

Page Ref: 2564

Cognitive Level:  Analyzing

Client Need:  Physiological Integrity

Nursing Process:  Implementation

Learning Outcome:  1. Summarize the relationship between values and ethics in the nursing profession.

 

2) A nurse is caring for an elderly male client with terminal cancer. The client’s family wants to continue treatment, but the client has told the nurse he would like to discontinue treatment and go home. The nurse agrees to be present while the client tells his family of his wishes. The nurse is supporting which of the following principles?

1. A) Beneficence for the client
2. B) Autonomy for the client
3. C) Nonmaleficence for the client
4. D) Justice for the client

Answer:  B

Explanation:

1. A) Autonomy refers to the right to make one’s own decisions. The nurse is supporting this principle by supporting the client in his decision. Nonmaleficence is the duty to “do no harm.” Justice is often referred to as fairness. Beneficence means “doing good.”
2. B) Autonomy refers to the right to make one’s own decisions. The nurse is supporting this principle by supporting the client in his decision. Nonmaleficence is the duty to “do no harm.” Justice is often referred to as fairness. Beneficence means “doing good.”
3. C) Autonomy refers to the right to make one’s own decisions. The nurse is supporting this principle by supporting the client in his decision. Nonmaleficence is the duty to “do no harm.” Justice is often referred to as fairness. Beneficence means “doing good.”
4. D) Autonomy refers to the right to make one’s own decisions. The nurse is supporting this principle by supporting the client in his decision. Nonmaleficence is the duty to “do no harm.” Justice is often referred to as fairness. Beneficence means “doing good.”

Page Ref: 2564

Cognitive Level:  Applying

Client Need:  Safe and Effective Care Environment

Nursing Process:  Evaluation

Learning Outcome:  2. Examine the principles of ethical decision making.

 

3) A nurse educator is teaching a group of nursing students about the American Nurses Association (ANA) code of ethics for professional nurses. Which student nurse response describes the ANA code of ethics?

1. A) “It alleviates suffering for those cared for by professional nurses.”
2. B) “It provides standards for professional nursing practice.”
3. C) “It reflects legal judgments in professional nursing practice.”
4. D) “It serves as legal standards for professional nursing practice.”

Answer:  B

Explanation:

1. A) The ANA Code of Ethics is a formal statement of the group’s ideals and values. It is a set of ethical principles that serves as a standard for professional actions. Codes of ethics usually have higher requirements than legal standards, and they are never lower than the legal standards of the profession. Codes of ethics do not necessarily reflect legal judgments. Codes of ethics provide the atmosphere in which the nurse is able to alleviate suffering.
2. B) The ANA Code of Ethics is a formal statement of the group’s ideals and values. It is a set of ethical principles that serves as a standard for professional actions. Codes of ethics usually have higher requirements than legal standards, and they are never lower than the legal standards of the profession. Codes of ethics do not necessarily reflect legal judgments. Codes of ethics provide the atmosphere in which the nurse is able to alleviate suffering.
3. C) The ANA Code of Ethics is a formal statement of the group’s ideals and values. It is a set of ethical principles that serves as a standard for professional actions. Codes of ethics usually have higher requirements than legal standards, and they are never lower than the legal standards of the profession. Codes of ethics do not necessarily reflect legal judgments. Codes of ethics provide the atmosphere in which the nurse is able to alleviate suffering.
4. D) The ANA Code of Ethics is a formal statement of the group’s ideals and values. It is a set of ethical principles that serves as a standard for professional actions. Codes of ethics usually have higher requirements than legal standards, and they are never lower than the legal standards of the profession. Codes of ethics do not necessarily reflect legal judgments. Codes of ethics provide the atmosphere in which the nurse is able to alleviate suffering.

Page Ref: 2568

Cognitive Level:  Applying

Client Need:  Safe and Effective Care Environment

Nursing Process:  Implementation

Learning Outcome:  3. Explain the ANA Code of Ethics.

 

4) The nursing instructor is conducting a class regarding nursing ethics with a group of first-year nursing students. The instructor determines that the students have retained the necessary information when the student makes which statement regarding the ANA Code of Ethics?

1. A) “It is used by all health care professionals.”
2. B) “It guides nurses in their professional behavior and relationships.”
3. C) “It is the only code of ethics available for nurses.”
4. D) “It forms the basis for possible lawsuits.”

Answer:  B

Explanation:

1. A) The ANA Code of Ethics is a guide for nurses in their work with clients and other professionals. There is also an International Code of Ethics promulgated by the International Council of Nurses. Each profession has its own code of ethics. State laws regarding nursing are the basis of lawsuits, not the Code of Ethics.
2. B) The ANA Code of Ethics is a guide for nurses in their work with clients and other professionals. There is also an International Code of Ethics promulgated by the International Council of Nurses. Each profession has its own code of ethics. State laws regarding nursing are the basis of lawsuits, not the Code of Ethics.
3. C) The ANA Code of Ethics is a guide for nurses in their work with clients and other professionals. There is also an International Code of Ethics promulgated by the International Council of Nurses. Each profession has its own code of ethics. State laws regarding nursing are the basis of lawsuits, not the Code of Ethics.
4. D) The ANA Code of Ethics is a guide for nurses in their work with clients and other professionals. There is also an International Code of Ethics promulgated by the International Council of Nurses. Each profession has its own code of ethics. State laws regarding nursing are the basis of lawsuits, not the Code of Ethics.

Page Ref: 2568

Cognitive Level:  Analyzing

Client Need:  Safe and Effective Care Environment

Nursing Process:  Evaluation

Learning Outcome:  4. Integrate the ANA Code of Ethics in providing individual client care.

 

5) A nurse is volunteering time in a local free clinic that provides care to the underinsured population. By volunteering time to work in the clinic, this nurse is demonstrating which professional value?

1. A) Human dignity
2. B) Social justice
3. C) Integrity
4. D) Altruism

Answer:  B

Explanation:

1. A) Social justice is upholding fairness on a social scale. This value is demonstrated in professional practice when the nurse works to ensure equal treatment under the law and equal access to quality health care. Human dignity is respect for the worth and uniqueness of individuals and populations. Altruism is concern for the welfare and well-being of others. Integrity is acting in accordance with an appropriate code of ethics and accepted standards of practice.
2. B) Social justice is upholding fairness on a social scale. This value is demonstrated in professional practice when the nurse works to ensure equal treatment under the law and equal access to quality health care. Human dignity is respect for the worth and uniqueness of individuals and populations. Altruism is concern for the welfare and well-being of others. Integrity is acting in accordance with an appropriate code of ethics and accepted standards of practice.
3. C) Social justice is upholding fairness on a social scale. This value is demonstrated in professional practice when the nurse works to ensure equal treatment under the law and equal access to quality health care. Human dignity is respect for the worth and uniqueness of individuals and populations. Altruism is concern for the welfare and well-being of others. Integrity is acting in accordance with an appropriate code of ethics and accepted standards of practice.
4. D) Social justice is upholding fairness on a social scale. This value is demonstrated in professional practice when the nurse works to ensure equal treatment under the law and equal access to quality health care. Human dignity is respect for the worth and uniqueness of individuals and populations. Altruism is concern for the welfare and well-being of others. Integrity is acting in accordance with an appropriate code of ethics and accepted standards of practice.

Page Ref: 2564

Cognitive Level:  Applying

Client Need:  Health Promotion and Maintenance

Nursing Process:  Implementation

Learning Outcome:  5. Discuss how personal values influence individual care.