Chapter 36: Gastrointestinal Disorders

Chapter 36: Gastrointestinal Disorders

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which symptom suggests the presence of a hiatal hernia?
a. Nausea
b. Heartburn
c. Diarrhea
d. Abdominal cramps
ANS: B
Individuals with hiatal hernia are predisposed to GERD and may experience symptoms such as heartburn, chest pain, and
dysphagia. Nausea and abdominal cramps are not symptoms that suggest hiatal hernia. Hiatal hernia is not manifested by diarrhea.
REF: Pg. 725
2. Proton pump inhibitors may be used in the management of peptic ulcer disease to
a. increase gastric motility.
b. inhibit secretion of pepsinogen.
c. neutralize gastric acid.
d. decrease hydrochloric acid (HCl) secretion.
ANS: D
Proton pump inhibitors are generally given to block acid secretion in individuals with peptic ulcer disease. The major treatment
objectives for PUD are to encourage healing of the injured mucosa by reducing gastric acidity and to prevent recurrence. Proton
pump inhibitors are not used to inhibit secretion of pepsinogen. Gastric acid is not neutralized by the use of proton pump inhibitors.
REF: Pg. 728
3. Epigastric pain that is relieved by food is suggestive of
a. pancreatitis.
b. cardiac angina.
c. gastric ulcer.
d. dysphagia.
ANS: C
Manifestations of peptic ulcer disease include epigastric burning pain that is usually relieved by the intake of food (especially dairy
products) or antacids. Pancreatitis is not manifested by epigastric pain. Epigastric pain is not a symptom of cardiac angina.
Dysphagia is not associated with epigastric pain relieved by food.
REF: Pg. 728
4. The most common cause of mechanical bowel obstruction is
a. volvulus.
b. intussusception.
c. adhesions.
d. fecal impaction.
ANS: C
The most frequent contributing factors for bowel obstructions are previous abdominal surgery with adhesions and congenital
abnormalities of the bowel. Intestinal obstruction can be caused by volvulus. Intussusception can be related to bowel obstruction,
but the most common cause is surgical adhesions. Mechanical bowel obstructions can be related to fecal impaction, but this is not
the most common cause.
REF: Pg. 732
5. Acute right lower quadrant pain associated with rebound tenderness and systemic signs of inflammation are indicative of
a. appendicitis.
b. peritonitis.
c. cholecystitis.
d. gastritis.
ANS: A
The earliest manifestation of appendicitis is generalized periumbilical pain accompanied by nausea and, occasionally, diarrhea. The
pain is often described as “migrating” or localizing to the lower right abdomen (McBurney’s point) due to distention of the serosa
from inflammatory edema, at which time fever usually manifests. Acute localized pain with rebound tenderness is not associated
with peritonitis. Cholecystitis is not manifested by lower quadrant pain. Gastritis is not associated with symptoms of right lower
quadrant pain and systemic inflammation.