Chapter 28: Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Chapter 28: Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. What term is used to describe the capacity of some erythrocytes to vary in size, especially in relationship to some anemias?

a.	Poikilocytosis	c.	Anisocytosis
b.	Isocytosis	d.	Microcytosis

 

 

ANS:  C

Additional descriptors of erythrocytes associated with some anemias include anisocytosis (assuming various sizes) or poikilocytosis (assuming various shapes) (see Figure 28-1). The remaining terms are not associated with this condition.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Page 982

 

2. What is the fundamental physiologic manifestation of anemia?

a.	Hypotension	c.	Hypoxia
b.	Hyperesthesia	d.	Ischemia

 

 

ANS:  C

The fundamental physiologic manifestation of anemia is a reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, resulting in tissue hypoxia.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Page 982 | Page 985

 

3. The paresthesia that occurs in vitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia is a result of which of the following?

a.	Reduction in acetylcholine receptors in the postsynaptic nerves
b.	Myelin degeneration in the spinal cord
c.	Destruction of myelin in peripheral nerves
d.	Altered function of neurons in the parietal lobe

 

 

ANS:  B

Effects on the nervous system can occur if a vitamin B₁₂ deficiency causes the anemia. Myelin degeneration may occur with the resultant loss of fibers in the spinal cord, producing paresthesia (numbness), gait disturbances, extreme weakness, spasticity, and reflex abnormalities. This selection is the only option that accurately describes the cause of paresthesia in such anemias.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Page 985 | Page 987

 

4. Which of the following describes how the body compensates for anemia?

a.	Increasing rate and depth of breathing
b.	Decreasing capillary vasoconstriction
c.	Hemoglobin holding more firmly onto oxygen
d.	Kidneys releasing more erythropoietin

 

 

ANS:  A

Tissue hypoxia creates additional demands and compensatory actions on the pulmonary and hematologic systems. The rate and depth of breathing increase in an attempt to increase the availability of oxygen. This selection is the only option that accurately describes the compensation mechanism in such anemias.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Page 985

 

5. Which of the following is classified as a megaloblastic anemia?

a.	Iron deficiency	c.	Sideroblastic
b.	Pernicious	d.	Hemolytic

 

 

ANS:  B

Pernicious anemia is the most common type of megaloblastic anemia. The remaining options are not classified as megaloblastic anemias.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Pages 987-988