Chapter 16: Alterations in Blood Pressure

Chapter 16: Alterations in Blood Pressure

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Pulse pressure is defined as

ANS:  C

Pulse pressure is defined as the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure. Pulse pressure is not the sum of the systolic and diastolic pressures. Systemic resistance is not involved in determining the pulse pressure.

REF:   Pg. 333

2. What results when systemic blood pressure is increased?

ANS:  C

At the smooth muscle of the arterial system, neurotransmitters bind to receptors to initiate vasoconstriction and increase systemic vascular resistance An increase in vascular resistance causes the heart to work harder and thus increases blood pressure. Hypovolemia does not result in an increase in blood pressure. Cardiac output is not decreased when systemic blood pressure is increased. Vascular resistance is actually increased when the systemic blood pressure is increased.

REF:   Pg. 336

3. An erroneously low blood pressure measurement may be caused by

ANS:  A

An erroneous blood pressure result could occur with the arm above the level of the heart. It is important to measure blood pressure with the appropriate size cuff. The arm should be positioned at the level of the heart for a more accurate reading. Measuring pressure after exercise yields a higher measurement.

REF:   Pgs. 334-335

4. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors block the

ANS:  B

Angiotensin I is converted into angiotensin II while it is circulating through the pulmonary vessels, by the angiotensin converting enzyme. ACE inhibitors block the conversion of angiotension I to angiotension II. Renin plays a role in the regulation of arterial blood pressure. ACE inhibitors do not block the conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin or the effect of aldosterone on the kidney.

REF:   Pg. 337