CHAPTER 19: MEDICATION ADMINISTRATION

CHAPTER 19: MEDICATION ADMINISTRATION

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. Infants and children are especially at risk for adverse reactions to medications, including age-specific adverse reactions and ineffective treatment, for which of the following reasons?

a.	Drug companies make less money on pediatric clients than on other ages, so they do less research on drugs for this age group.
b.	Ethical constraints related to informed consent severely limit the amount of testing of most drugs used with the pediatric population.
c.	Mothers are a powerful lobbying group in Congress, the Department of Health and Human Services, and the Food and Drug Administration.
d.	The response to medications varies significantly among children of similar weights and heights.

 

 

ANS:             B

 

	Feedback
A	Incorrect. Infants and children are especially at risk for adverse reactions to medications, but not primarily as a consequence of the fact that the drug companies make less money on pediatric clients than on other ages.
B	Correct. Until recently children have been excluded from drug trials due to ethical constraints related to informed consent and research risks. Since most drugs have not been adequately tested in the pediatric population, there is a relative lack of information on drug safety and efficacy in infants and children. Consequently, infants and children are at risk for adverse reactions, including age-specific adverse reactions and ineffective treatment.
C	Incorrect. Infants and children are especially at risk for adverse reactions to medications, but not primarily as a consequence of the fact that mothers are a powerful lobbying group.
D	Incorrect. Infants and children are especially at risk for adverse reactions to medications, but not primarily as a consequence of the fact that the response to medications varies significantly among children of similar weights and heights.

 

 

PTS:              1     REF:      p. 608 – Medication Administration

OBJ:              Cognitive Level: Comprehension

 

2. Which of the following groups have the most sensitivity to medications and increased risk of adverse medication reactions?

a.	clients with psychiatric diagnoses	c.	infants and children
b.	the elderly population	d.	clients with a diagnosis of cancer

 

 

ANS:             C

 

	Feedback
A	Incorrect. Clients with psychiatric diagnoses do not represent the group to have the most sensitivity to medications and increased risk of adverse medication reactions.
B	Incorrect. The elderly population is not the group to have the most sensitivity to medications and increased risk of adverse medication reactions.
C	Correct. In general, physiological differences between children and adults make children more sensitive to drugs and increase the risk of adverse medication reactions.
D	Incorrect. Clients with a diagnosis of cancer do not represent the group to have the most sensitivity to medications and increased risk of adverse medication reactions.

 

 

PTS:              1     REF:      p. 608 – Medication Administration

OBJ:              Cognitive Level: Knowledge

 

3. Which of the following factors makes children more sensitive to medications and have an increased risk of adverse medication reactions as compared to adults?

a.	Physiological differences exist between children and adults.
b.	They have not been exposed to all the drugs that adults have.
c.	Their intestinal tract is more sensitive to medications.
d.	Caregivers do not tend to measure medicines correctly, thus often overmedicating the child.

 

 

ANS:             A

 

	Feedback
A	Correct. Physiological differences between children and adults makes children more sensitive to medications and increases the risk of adverse medication reactions as compared to adults.
B	Incorrect. Exposure to all the drugs that adults have does not make children more sensitive to medications and increase the risk of adverse medication reactions as compared to adults.
C	Incorrect. Body fluid composition and differences in cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, renal and neurological system functioning are the primary differences making children more sensitive to medications and increase the risk of adverse medication reactions as compared to adults, not that their intestinal tract is more sensitive to medications.
D	Incorrect. Over\-medication does not make children more sensitive to medications and increase the risk of adverse medication reactions as compared to adults.

 

 

PTS:              1     REF:      p. 608 – Medication Administration

OBJ:              Cognitive Level: Comprehension

 

4. Which of the following factors influence the absorption of orally administered medications?

a.	gastric emptying time and pH	c.	condition of the kidneys
b.	time of day administered	d.	iron content of the blood

 

 

ANS:             A

 

	Feedback
A	Correct. Gastric emptying time and pH are two factors influencing the absorption of orally administered medications.
B	Incorrect. The time of day a medication is administered is marginally a factor in the absorption of orally administered medications, but only as related to mealtimes, the content of the stomach.
C	Incorrect. The condition of the kidneys is related to the excretion of the medication, and has nothing to do with the absorption of orally administered medications.
D	Incorrect. The iron content of the blood does not “turn on” or “shut off” or limit the absorption of orally administered medications via the stomach.

 

 

PTS:              1     REF:      p. 609 – Physiological Considerations

OBJ:        Cognitive Level: Comprehension