CHAPTER 22: GENITOURINARY ALTERATIONS

CHAPTER 22: GENITOURINARY ALTERATIONS

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. Which of the following makes it easy to palpate a full bladder on infants and children?

a.	Their skin is thinner than adults’ skin.
b.	Their bladders can be filled fuller than adults’ bladders.
c.	Their bladders are closer to the anterior abdominal wall.
d.	The bladder is oversized at birth.

 

 

ANS:  C

 

	Feedback
A	Incorrect. Thinner skin does not explain why it is easier to palpate a full bladder on infants and children.
B	Incorrect. Infants and children have smaller bladders than adults, this does not explain why it is easier to palpate a full bladder on infants and children.
C	Correct. The bladder presents itself in young children close to the anterior abdominal wall, and with growth, lowers into the pelvis. For these reasons it is easy to palpate a full bladder on infants and young children.
D	Incorrect. The bladder of infants and children is not oversized at birth, this does not explain why it is easier to palpate a full bladder on infants and children.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 698 – Genitourinary Alterations    OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Knowledge

 

2. Which of the following makes the kidneys of a child more susceptible to trauma compared to those of an adult?

a.	The kidneys are less protected in the child due to unossified ribs and less fat padding.
b.	Backward falls are associated with direct compression of the kidneys.
c.	The kidneys are much smaller and closer to the surface.
d.	There are not as many renal tubules, and the kidneys themselves are not as thick as the adult kidneys.

 

 

ANS:  A

 

	Feedback
A	Correct. The kidneys of a child are more susceptible to trauma compared to those of an adult because the kidneys are less protected in the child due to unossified ribs, less fat padding, and larger size proportional to the abdomen.
B	Incorrect. The kidneys of a child are more susceptible to trauma from compression force to the abdomen, not from backward falls.
C	Incorrect. The kidneys of a child are more susceptible to trauma but not because they are smaller and closer to the surface.
D	Incorrect. The kidneys of a child are more susceptible to trauma but not because they are smaller. They have the same number of renal tubules as a mature kidney.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 698 – Genitourinary Alterations

OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Comprehension

 

3. The ability to concentrate urine varies between adults and newborns. Which of the following describes the ability of the newborn to concentrate urine when compared to the adult?

a.	better	c.	much more poorly
b.	about the same	d.	slightly less

 

 

ANS:  C

 

	Feedback
A	Incorrect. The ability of the newborn to concentrate urine when compared to the adult is not well developed and would not best be described as better.
B	Incorrect. The ability of the newborn to concentrate urine when compared to the adult is not well developed and would not best be described as about the same.
C	Correct. The ability of the newborn to concentrate urine when compared to the adult is not well developed and would best be described as much more poorly.
D	Incorrect. The ability of the newborn to concentrate urine when compared to the adult is not well developed and would not best be described as slightly less.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 698 – Genitourinary Alterations

OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Comprehension

 

4. The bladder capacity of a 4-year-old child is how many ounces?

a.	4	c.	8
b.	6	d.	10

 

 

ANS:  B

 

	Feedback
A	Incorrect. The bladder capacity expressed in ounces of a 4-year-old child is determined by the formula, 4 (age of the child in years) + 2 = 6 ounces, not 4.
B	Correct. The bladder capacity expressed in ounces of a 4-year-old child is determined by the formula, 4 (age of the child in years) + 2 = 6 ounces.
C	Incorrect. The bladder capacity expressed in ounces of a 4-year-old child is determined by the formula, 4 (age of the child in years) + 2 = 6 ounces, not 8.
D	Incorrect. The bladder capacity expressed in ounces of a 4-year-old child is determined by the formula, 4 (age of the child in years) + 2 = 6 ounces, not 10.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 698 – Genitourinary Alterations    OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Knowledge