CHAPTER 36: AGENTS USED TO TREAT HYPERGLYCEMIA AND HYPOGLYCEMIA

CHAPTER 36: AGENTS USED TO TREAT HYPERGLYCEMIA AND HYPOGLYCEMIA

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. When instructing a new nurse on the client with diabetes, which response by the new nurse would indicate the need for further teaching:

a.	This strength insulin is reserved for clients who take 200 or more units of insulin/day.
b.	This strength insulin is more likely to cause lipodystrophy.
c.	This is the strength insulin used in insulin pumps.
d.	This usually is used only for clients with marked insulin resistance.

 

 

ANS:  B

 

	Feedback
A	Incorrect:  This is true concerning U500 insulin.
B	Correct:  This is a complication related to rotation of insulin sites, not insulin strength. In addition, this is most commonly used in insulin pumps.
C	Incorrect:  This is true concerning U500 insulin.
D	Incorrect:  This is true concerning U500 insulin.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 815            OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Evaluation

 

2. Which of the following is the correct procedure for mixing two types of insulin in the same syringe?

a.	withdraw the regular insulin prior to any other type of insulin
b.	withdraw the regular insulin after other types of insulin
c.	draw each insulin in a separate syringe, then combine the two
d.	two types of insulin should not be mixed in the same syringe

 

 

ANS:  A

 

	Feedback
A	Correct:  Regular insulin always should be drawn up before any other type of insulin.
B	Incorrect:  Regular insulin always should be drawn up first.
C	Incorrect:  This is not the appropriate technique.
D	Incorrect:  Although true with a few insulins, it is not characteristic of most.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 830, Box 36-3

OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Application

 

3. When evaluating the electrolyte levels of a client experiencing diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), the nurse would be most concerned about which finding?

a.	sodium level > 145 mEq/L	c.	potassium 3.1 mEq/L
b.	sodium level 133 mEq/L	d.	potassium 5.2 mEq/L

 

 

ANS:  C

 

	Feedback
A	Incorrect:  This is highly unlikely to occur in this client.
B	Incorrect:  Although indicative of hyponatremia, the level is not far from the normal.
C	Correct:  Hypokalemia is the most serious electrolyte imbalance associated with DKA and this level is significant when compared to the normal level of 3.5-5 mEq/L.
D	Incorrect:  This is highly unlikely to occur in this client.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 837            OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Comprehension

 

4. When teaching the client about the advantages of using an insulin pump, the nurse should include:

a.	that it provides less expensive management for diabetes.
b.	that the client will experience moderate weight gain.
c.	that it allows the client flexibility in when and what he or she eats.
d.	that required training is minimal.

 

 

ANS:  C

 

	Feedback
A	Incorrect:  It actually is more expensive.
B	Incorrect:  This is a disadvantage of using an insulin pump.
C	Correct:  This is an advantage of using an insulin pump.
D	Incorrect:  It requires at least a full day of training.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 817, Box 36-1

OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Application

 

5. When caring for clients receiving oral hypoglycemic agents, the nurse must understand their mechanism of action. For example, glitazones act to:

a.	block the breakdown of starches.
b.	sensitize the body to the insulin that is currently present.
c.	stimulate insulin release in the pancreas.
d.	assist the pancreas in the production of insulin.

 

 

ANS:  B

 

	Feedback
A	Incorrect:  This is not the action of glitazones.
B	Correct:  This is the mechanism of action of glitazones.
C	Incorrect:  This is the action of meglitinides.
D	Incorrect:  This is not the action of oral hypoglycemics.

 

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 821            OBJ:   Cognitive Level: Comprehension