Chapter 38: Antibiotics Part 1

Chapter 38: Antibiotics Part 1

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. When reviewing the allergy history of a patient, the nurse notes that the patient is allergic to penicillin. Based on this finding, the nurse would question an order for which class of antibiotics?

a.	Tetracyclines
b.	Sulfonamides
c.	Cephalosporins
d.	Quinolones

 

 

ANS:  C

Allergy to penicillin may also result in hypersensitivity to cephalosporins. The other options are incorrect.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension)    REF:   p. 605

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

2. The nurse is providing teaching to a patient taking an oral tetracycline antibiotic. Which statement by the nurse is correct?

a.	“Avoid direct sunlight and tanning beds while on this medication.”
b.	“Milk and cheese products result in increased levels of tetracycline.”
c.	“Antacids taken with the medication help to reduce gastrointestinal distress.”
d.	“Take the medication until you are feeling better.”

 

 

ANS:  A

Drug-related photosensitivity occurs when patients take tetracyclines, and it may continue for several days after therapy. Milk and cheese products result in decreased levels of tetracycline when the two are taken together. Antacids also interfere with absorption and should not be taken with tetracycline. Counsel patients to take the entire course of prescribed antibiotic drugs, even if they feel that they are no longer ill.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application)                  REF:   p. 620

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

3. When reviewing the medication orders for a patient who is taking penicillin, the nurse notes that the patient is also taking the oral anticoagulant warfarin (Coumadin). What possible effect may occur as the result of an interaction between these drugs?

a.	The penicillin will cause an enhanced anticoagulant effect of the warfarin.
b.	The penicillin will cause the anticoagulant effect of the warfarin to decrease.
c.	The warfarin will reduce the anti-infective action of the penicillin.
d.	The warfarin will increase the effectiveness of the penicillin.

 

 

ANS:  A

Administering penicillin reduces the vitamin K in the gut (intestines); therefore, enhanced anticoagulant effect of warfarin may occur. The other options are incorrect.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application)                  REF:   p. 607

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

4. A patient is receiving his third intravenous dose of a penicillin drug. He calls the nurse to report that he is feeling “anxious” and is having trouble breathing. What will the nurse do first?

a.	Notify the prescriber.
b.	Take the patient’s vital signs.
c.	Stop the antibiotic infusion.
d.	Check for allergies.

 

 

ANS:  C

Hypersensitivity reactions are characterized by wheezing; shortness of breath; swelling of the face, tongue, or hands; itching; or rash. The nurse should immediately stop the antibiotic infusion, have someone notify the prescriber, and stay with the patient to monitor the patient’s vital signs and condition. Checking for allergies should have been done before the infusion.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application)                  REF:   p. 618

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Planning

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies