Chapter 57: Ophthalmic Drugs

Chapter 57: Ophthalmic Drugs

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. The nurse will be giving ophthalmic drugs to a patient with glaucoma. Which drug is given intravenously to reduce intraocular pressure when other medications are not successful?

a.	Tobramycin (Tobrex)
b.	Bacitracin (AK-Tracin)
c.	Mannitol (Osmitrol)
d.	Ketorolac (Acular)

 

 

ANS:  C

Drugs used to reduce intraocular pressure include osmotic diuretics such as mannitol, which is given intravenously. Tobramycin and bacitracin are antibiotics; ketorolac has anti-inflammatory actions.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Remembering (Knowledge)           REF:   p. 911

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Planning

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

2. The nurse is reviewing the use of ophthalmic preparations. Indications for the direct- and indirect-acting miotics include which condition?

a.	Cataracts
b.	Removal of foreign bodies
c.	Open-angle glaucoma
d.	Ocular infections

 

 

ANS:  C

Indications for the direct- and indirect-acting miotics include open-angle glaucoma, angle-closure glaucoma, ocular surgery, and convergent strabismus.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Remembering (Knowledge)           REF:   p. 906

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Planning

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

3. A patient has a new prescription for an antiglaucoma eyedrop. The next day, she calls the clinic and states, “The package insert says this medication might make my blue eyes turn brown! Is this true?” The nurse realizes that the patient has a prescription for which eye medication?

a.	Latanoprost (Xalatan), a prostaglandin agonist
b.	Dorzolamide (Trusopt), an ocular carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
c.	Betaxolol (Betoptic), a direct-acting beta blocker
d.	Pilocarpine (Pilocar), a direct-acting cholinergic

 

 

ANS:  A

There is one unique adverse effect associated with all prostaglandin agonists—in some people with hazel, green, or bluish-brown eye color, eye color will turn permanently brown, even if the medication is discontinued. This adverse effect appears to be cosmetic only, with no known ill effects on the eye. The other medications do not have this effect.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension)    REF:   p. 911

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

4. A patient has been taking the corticosteroid dexamethasone (Decadron) but has developed bacterial conjunctivitis and has a prescription for gentamicin (Garamycin) ointment. The nurse notes that which interaction is possible if the two drugs are used together?

a.	The infection may become systemic.
b.	The gentamicin effects may become more potent.
c.	The corticosteroid may cause overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms.
d.	Immunosuppression may make it more difficult to eliminate the eye infection.

 

 

ANS:  D

Concurrent use of corticosteroids, such as dexamethasone and ophthalmic antimicrobials, may cause immunosuppression that may make it more difficult to eliminate the eye infection.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application)                  REF:   p. 912

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential