Chapter 22: Antihypertensive Drugs

Chapter 22: Antihypertensive Drugs

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. A patient has a new order for the adrenergic drug doxazosin (Cardura). When providing education about this drug, the nurse will include which instructions?

a.	“Weigh yourself daily, and report any weight loss to your prescriber.”
b.	“Increase your potassium intake by eating more bananas and apricots.”
c.	“The impaired taste associated with this medication usually goes away in 2 to 3 weeks.”
d.	“Be sure to lie down after taking the first dose, because first-dose hypotension may make you dizzy.”

 

 

ANS:  D

A patient who is starting doxazosin should take the first dose while lying down because there is a first-dose hypotensive effect with this medication. The other options are incorrect.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Analyzing (Analysis)                     REF:   p. 354

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential

 

2. A patient with severe liver disease is receiving the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, captopril (Capoten). The nurse is aware that the advantage of this drug for this patient is which characteristic?

a.	Captopril rarely causes first-dose hypotensive effects.
b.	Captopril has little effect on electrolyte levels.
c.	Captopril is a prodrug and is metabolized by the liver before becoming active.
d.	Captopril is not a prodrug and does not need to be metabolized by the liver before becoming active.

 

 

ANS:  D

A prodrug relies on a functioning liver to be converted to its active form. Captopril is not a prodrug, and therefore it would be safer for the patient with liver dysfunction.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application)                  REF:   p. 348

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

3. During a follow-up visit, the health care provider examines the fundus of the patient’s eye. Afterward, the patient asks the nurse, “Why is he looking at my eyes when I have high blood pressure? It does not make sense to me!” What is the best response by the nurse?

a.	“We need to monitor for drug toxicity.”
b.	“We must watch for increased intraocular pressure.”
c.	“The provider is assessing for visual changes that may occur with drug therapy.”
d.	“The provider is making sure the treatment is effective over the long term.”

 

 

ANS:  D

The physician would examine the fundus of a patient’s eyes during antihypertensive therapy because it is a more reliable indicator than blood pressure readings of the long-term effectiveness of treatment.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application)                  REF:   p. 358

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Evaluation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

4. The nurse is preparing for a community education program on hypertension. Which of these parameters determine the regulation of arterial blood pressure?

a.	Cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance
b.	Heart rate and peripheral resistance
c.	Blood volume and renal blood flow
d.	Myocardial contractility and arteriolar constriction

 

 

ANS:  A

Blood pressure is determined by the product of cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance. The other options are incorrect.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension)    REF:   p. 343

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: General

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies