Chapter 52: Antiemetic and Antinausea Drugs

Chapter 52: Antiemetic and Antinausea Drugs

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. A patient is receiving a tube feeding through a gastrostomy. The nurse expects that which type of drug will be used to promote gastric emptying for this patient?

a.	Prokinetic drugs, such as metoclopramide (Reglan)
b.	Serotonin blockers, such as ondansetron (Zofran)
c.	Anticholinergic drugs, such as scopolamine (Transderm-Scop)
d.	Neuroleptic drugs, such as chlorpromazine (Thorazine)

 

 

ANS:  A

Prokinetic drugs promote the movement of substances through the gastrointestinal tract and increase gastrointestinal motility.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension)    REF:   p. 834

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Planning

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

2. A patient who has AIDS has lost weight and is easily fatigued because of his malnourished state. The nurse anticipates an order for which antinausea drug to stimulate his appetite?

a.	Metoclopramide (Reglan), a prokinetic drug
b.	Dronabinol (Marinol), a tetrahydrocannabinoid
c.	Ondansetron (Zofran), a serotonin blocker
d.	Aprepitant (Emend), a substance P/NK1 receptor antagonist

 

 

ANS:  B

Dronabinol is used for the treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy, generally as a second-line drug after treatment with other antiemetics has failed. It is also used to stimulate appetite and weight gain in patients with AIDS and in patients undergoing chemotherapy. The drugs in the other options are used to reduce or prevent nausea and vomiting but are not used to stimulate appetite.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application)                  REF:   p. 834

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Planning

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

3. A patient on chemotherapy is using ondansetron (Zofran) for treatment of nausea. The nurse will instruct the patient to watch for which adverse effect of this drug?

a.	Dizziness
b.	Diarrhea
c.	Dry mouth
d.	Blurred vision

 

 

ANS:  B

Diarrhea is an adverse effect of the serotonin blockers. The other adverse effects listed may occur with anticholinergic drugs.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension)    REF:   p. 831

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

4. A patient who has severe nausea and vomiting following a case of food poisoning comes to the urgent care center. When reviewing his medication history, the nurse notes that he has an allergy to procaine. The nurse would question an order for which antiemetic drug if ordered for this patient?

a.	Metoclopramide (Reglan)
b.	Promethazine (Phenergan)
c.	Phosphorated carbohydrate solution (Emetrol)
d.	Palonosetron (Aloxi)

 

 

ANS:  A

The use of metoclopramide (Reglan) is contraindicated in patients with a hypersensitivity to procaine or procainamide. There are no known interactions with the drugs listed in the other options.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application)                  REF:   p. 834

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential