Chapter 37 Pharmacology For Nurses A Pathophysiologic Approach 5th Edition

Chapter 37 Pharmacology For Nurses A Pathophysiologic Approach 5th Edition

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Question 1

Type: MCMA

The nurse educates clients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) about the nature of viruses. The nurse evaluates that learning has occurred when the clients make which responses?

Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. “Viruses are nonliving particles.”
2. “The structure of viruses is complex.”
3. “Viruses can infect plants as well as animals.”
4. “A virion is a mature virus.”
5. “Viruses are intracellular parasites.”

Correct Answer: 1,3,4,5

Rationale 1: Viruses are nonliving agents that infect bacteria, plants, and animals.

Rationale 2: The structure of viruses is quite primitive compared to the simplest cell.

Rationale 3: Viruses can infect plants as well as animals.

Rationale 4: A mature infective particle is called a virion.

Rationale 5: Viruses must use intracellular machinery to replicate, so they are called intracellular parasites.

Global Rationale: Viruses are nonliving agents that infect bacteria, plants, and animals. Viruses can infect plants as well as animals. A mature infective particle is called a virion. Viruses must use intracellular machinery to replicate, so they are called intracellular parasites. The structure of viruses is quite primitive compared to the simplest cell.

 

Cognitive Level: Analyzing

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Physiological Adaptation

QSEN Competencies: III.A.1 Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and processes.

AACN Essentials Competencies: III.1 Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice, and research.

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Integration of knowledge from nursing and other disciplines.

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Evaluation

Learning Outcome: 37-1 Describe the major characteristics of viruses.

MNL Learning Outcome: 6.3.1 Compare the characteristics and pharmacotherapy of various non-HIV viruses.

Page Number: 591

 

Question 2

Type: MCSA

The client asks the nurse why there aren’t better drugs for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection when so much money is spent on research. What is the best response by the nurse?

1. “Antiviral drugs are almost impossible to create.”
2. “Developing new drugs is difficult because the virus mutates so readily.”
3. “Developing new drugs is difficult because people think acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a rare disease.”
4. “Developing new drugs is difficult because we still do not understand the virus.”

Correct Answer: 2

Rationale 1: Over 20 new antiretroviral drugs have been developed.

Rationale 2: Antiviral pharmacotherapy can be extremely challenging because of the rapid mutation rate of viruses, which can quickly render drugs ineffective.

Rationale 3: Most people recognize that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is not rare.

Rationale 4: After more than 30 years of research, the virus is mostly understood.

Global Rationale: Antiviral pharmacotherapy can be extremely challenging because of the rapid mutation rate of viruses, which can quickly render drugs ineffective. Over 20 new antiretroviral drugs have been developed. Most people recognize that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is not rare. After more than 30 years of research, the virus is mostly understood.

 

Cognitive Level: Analyzing

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: III.A.1 Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and processes.

AACN Essentials Competencies: III.1 Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice, and research.

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Integration of knowledge from nursing and other disciplines.

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 37-2 Identify viral infections that benefit from pharmacotherapy.

MNL Learning Outcome: 6.3.3 Examine the characteristics and pharmacotherapy of HIV-AIDS.

Page Number: 592

 

Question 3

Type: MCSA

The client receives acyclovir (Zovirax) for treatment of genital herpes. What is a priority assessment by the nurse?

1. Auditory and visual hallucinations
2. Increased serum creatinine
3. Respiratory distress
4. Thrombocytopenia

Correct Answer: 2

Rationale 1: Auditory and visual hallucinations are not adverse effects of acyclovir (Zovirax).

Rationale 2: Acyclovir (Zovirax) is nephrotoxic, so serum creatinine should be monitored.

Rationale 3: Respiratory distress is not an adverse effect of acyclovir (Zovirax).

Rationale 4: Bone marrow suppression is not an adverse effect of acyclovir (Zovirax).

Global Rationale: Acyclovir (Zovirax) is nephrotoxic, so serum creatinine should be monitored. Auditory and visual hallucinations, not respiratory distress, and bone marrow suppression are not adverse effects of acyclovir (Zovirax).

 

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.A.4 Delineate general categories of errors and hazards in care.

AACN Essentials Competencies: IX.3 Implement holistic, patient-centered care that reflects an understanding of human growth and development, pathophysiology, pharmacology, medical management and nursing management across the health-illness continuum, across lifespan, and in all healthcare settings.

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Integration of knowledge from nursing and other disciplines.

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 37-6 For each of the drug classes listed in Drugs at a Glance, know representative drug examples, and explain their mechanisms of action, primary action, and important adverse effects.

MNL Learning Outcome: 6.3.1 Compare the characteristics and pharmacotherapy of various non-HIV viruses.

Page Number: 610

 

Question 4

Type: MCSA

The client receives acyclovir (Zovirax) as treatment for herpes simplex type 1 virus (genital herpes). What is the best expected outcome for this client?

1. The client will prevent a reoccurrence of infection in the affected area.
2. The client will identify the names of sexual contacts in the past month.
3. The client will report decreased pain using the approved pain scale.
4. The client will report a decrease in the number of lesions in the affected area.

Correct Answer: 3

Rationale 1: It is not possible to prevent reoccurrence.

Rationale 2: It is not necessary to provide the names of sexual contacts, and this is not related to acyclovir (Zovirax).

Rationale 3: Pain is a major problem associated with this infection; the best outcome is decreased pain.

Rationale 4: Decrease in lesions is not an outcome goal of treatment with acyclovir (Zovirax).

Global Rationale: Pain is a major problem associated with this infection; the best outcome is decreased pain. It is not possible to prevent reoccurrence. It is not necessary to provide the names of sexual contacts, and this is not related to acyclovir (Zovirax). Decrease in lesions is not an outcome goal of treatment with acyclovir (Zovirax).

 

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: V.A.4 Delineate general categories of errors and hazards in care.

AACN Essentials Competencies: IX.3 Implement holistic, patient-centered care that reflects an understanding of human growth and development, pathophysiology, pharmacology, medical management and nursing management across the health-illness continuum, across lifespan, and in all healthcare settings.

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Integration of knowledge from nursing and other disciplines.

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Planning

Learning Outcome: 37-6 For each of the drug classes listed in Drugs at a Glance, know representative drug examples, and explain their mechanisms of action, primary action, and important adverse effects.

MNL Learning Outcome: 6.3.1 Compare the characteristics and pharmacotherapy of various non-HIV viruses.

Page Number: 610