Chapter 43 Pharmacology For Nurses A Pathophysiologic Approach 5th Edition

Chapter 43 Pharmacology For Nurses A Pathophysiologic Approach 5th Edition

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Question 1

Type: MCSA

The client has been consuming very high amounts of vitamin A. He asks the nurse why this is a problem since it is just a vitamin. What is the best response by the nurse?

1. “Water-soluble vitamins like vitamin A are readily excreted in your urine.”
2. “It really isn’t a problem; your body will just get rid of the excess vitamins.”
3. “It’s okay to take what you want; just cut back if you experience side effects.”
4. “Fat-soluble vitamins like vitamin A are stored in your body and too much can be toxic.”

Correct Answer: 4

Rationale 1: Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin and is not readily excreted in the urine; only the water-soluble vitamins like B and C will be excreted in the urine.

Rationale 2: Fat-soluble vitamins can be stored in large quantities in the liver and adipose tissue. This storage may lead to dangerously high levels if taken in excessive amounts.

Rationale 3: By the time the client experiences side effects, toxicity has occurred, so this is bad advice.

Rationale 4: Fat-soluble vitamins can be stored in large quantities in the liver and adipose tissue. This storage may lead to dangerously high levels if taken in excessive amounts.

Global Rationale: Fat-soluble vitamins can be stored in large quantities in the liver and adipose tissue. This storage may lead to dangerously high levels if taken in excessive amounts. Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin and is not readily excreted in the urine; only the water-soluble vitamins like B and C will be excreted in the urine. By the time the client experiences side effects, toxicity has occurred, so this is bad advice.

 

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: III.A.1 Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and processes.

AACN Essentials Competencies: III.1 Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice, and research.

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Integration of knowledge from nursing and other disciplines.

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 43-5 Explain how pharmacotherapy with water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins prevents nutritional disorders.

MNL Learning Outcome:

Page Number: 718

 

Question 2

Type: MCMA

The physician prescribes multivitamins for the client. The client asks the nurse why she needs vitamins. What will the best teaching plan by the nurse include?

Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. Small amounts of vitamins are needed for health.
2. Vitamins will heal many illnesses.
3. Vitamins are inorganic compounds that are not stored in the body.
4. Your body cannot synthesize most vitamins.
5. Vitamins are needed for growth and maintenance of normal metabolic processes.

Correct Answer: 1,4,5

Rationale 1: Vitamins are organic compounds. They are needed for health.

Rationale 2: Vitamins are great nutritional support, but there are very few illnesses that vitamins will heal.

Rationale 3: Vitamins are organic compounds, but many are stored in the body.

Rationale 4: Only vitamin D can be synthesized.

Rationale 5: Vitamins are needed for growth and maintenance of normal metabolic processes.

Global Rationale: Vitamins are organic compounds. They are needed for health. Only vitamin D can be synthesized. Vitamins are needed for growth and maintenance of normal metabolic processes. Vitamins are great nutritional support, but there are very few illnesses that vitamins will heal. Vitamins are organic compounds, but many are stored in the body.

 

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: III.A.1 Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and processes.

AACN Essentials Competencies: III.1 Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice, and research.

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Integration of knowledge from nursing and other disciplines.

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Planning

Learning Outcome: 43-1 Describe the role of vitamins in maintaining wellness.

MNL Learning Outcome:

Page Number: 718

 

Question 3

Type: MCSA

The client is receiving enteral nutrition. He reads on the bag hanging at his bedside that the liquid is a polymeric formulation. He asks the nurse what this means. What is the best response by the nurse?

1. “It means that your formulation requires little or no digestion.”
2. “It means that your formulation is meant for patients who are generally undernourished but whose gastrointestinal tract is still working.”
3. “It means that your formulation is lactose free and low fat.”
4. “It means that your formulation contains a single nutrient, protein, lipid, or carbohydrate.”

Correct Answer: 2

Rationale 1: Oligomeric formulations are agents containing varying slightly larger molecules such as free amino acids and peptide combinations that require little or no digestion.

Rationale 2: Polymeric formulations are the most common enteral preparations. These products contain various mixtures of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids and are used in patients who are generally undernourished but have a fully functioning GI tract.

Rationale 3: Elemental or monomeric formulas include products that are usually lactose free and contain a small percentage of calories from fats.

Rationale 4: Modular formulations contain a single nutrient, protein, lipid, or carbohydrate.

Global Rationale: Polymeric formulations are the most common enteral preparations. These products contain various mixtures of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Oligomeric formulations are agents containing varying amounts of free amino acids and peptide combinations. Specialized formulations are products that contain a specific nutrient combination for a particular condition. Modular formulations contain a single nutrient, protein, lipid, or carbohydrate.

 

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: III.A.1 Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and processes.

AACN Essentials Competencies: III.1 Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice, and research.

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Integration of knowledge from nursing and other disciplines.

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 43-7 Identify differences among oligomeric, polymeric, modular, and specialized formulations for enteral nutrition.

MNL Learning Outcome:

Page Number: 730

 

Question 4

Type: MCSA

The nurse assesses which client as being at greatest risk for developing vitamin deficiencies?

1. The young male client who takes phenytoin (Dilantin) for new-onset epilepsy
2. The young female client who uses oral contraceptives for birth control
3. The young male client who eats a well-balanced diet and does not take vitamins
4. The young pregnant female client who is taking prenatal vitamins

Correct Answer: 2

Rationale 1: Certain anticonvulsants can be associated with B complex deficiencies, but the client is just starting therapy so he is not at great risk.

Rationale 2: The use of oral contraceptives is associated with deficiencies of B complex vitamins.

Rationale 3: Most nutritional demands can be met with a well-balanced diet.

Rationale 4: The prenatal vitamins will meet all the vitamin requirements of the pregnant female.

Global Rationale: The use of oral contraceptives is associated with deficiencies of B complex vitamins. Certain anticonvulsants can be associated with B complex deficiencies, but the client is just starting therapy so he is not at great risk. Most nutritional demands can be met with a well-balanced diet. The prenatal vitamins will meet all the vitamin requirements of the pregnant female.

 

Cognitive Level: Analyzing

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

QSEN Competencies: III.A.1 Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and processes.

AACN Essentials Competencies: III.1 Explain the interrelationships among theory, practice, and research.

NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Integration of knowledge from nursing and other disciplines.

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 43-4 Identify indications for vitamin pharmacotherapy.

MNL Learning Outcome:

Page Number: 719