Chapter 82: Basic Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy

Chapter 82: Basic Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

1. The nurse has been caring for a patient who has been taking antibiotics for 3 weeks. Upon assessing the patient, the nurse notices the individual has developed oral thrush. Which of the following describes the etiology of the thrush?

a.	Suprainfection
b.	Antibiotic resistance
c.	Nosocomial infection
d.	Community-acquired infection

 

 

ANS:   A

Oral thrush is a manifestation of a suprainfection.

The development of thrush is not a symptom of antibiotic resistance.

The development of thrush is not a nosocomial infection.

Oral thrush typically is not a community-acquired infection.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    p. 974

TOP:    Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

2. The nurse is caring for a patient on a medical-surgical unit who has been experiencing fever of unknown origin. The prescriber has ordered a broad-spectrum antibiotic. Which intervention is the priority?

a.	Administer the antibiotic immediately.
b.	Administer antipyretics as soon as possible.
c.	Obtain all cultures before the antibiotic is administered.
d.	Delay administration of the antibiotic until the culture results are available.

 

 

ANS:   C

It is essential that samples of exudates and body fluids (in this case, blood cultures) be obtained for culture prior to initiation of treatment.

Administration of the antibiotic is important, but not more important than obtaining specimens for culture.

Antipyretics may be indicated, but the priority is obtaining specimens for culture.

Treatment may be initiated before the test results are available.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    p. 976

TOP:    Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

3. A patient has just received a prescription for a 10-day course of penicillin for the treatment of strep throat. What patient education is essential for the nurse to provide?

a.	Family members who have the same symptoms should also receive treatment.
b.	The agent should be discontinued as soon as symptoms resolve to prevent allergic reactions.
c.	The entire course of the drug must be taken to prevent the recurrence of infection and potential resistance.
d.	The medication should be discontinued as soon as symptoms resolve to reduce the risk of resistance.

 

 

ANS:   C

The nurse should instruct the patient to take the entire prescribed course of medication to prevent the recurrence of infection and potential resistance.

Treatment of other family members with the same regimen is not always indicated, and their symptoms may be related to something else.

The patient should always be advised to finish the entire course of antibiotics for maximum effectiveness; discontinuing the agent early does not prevent allergic reactions.

Discontinuing the agent as soon as symptoms resolve does not reduce the risk of resistance.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    p. 980

TOP:    Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance