Chapter 69: Antiviral and Antiprotozoal Agents

Chapter 69: Antiviral and Antiprotozoal Agents

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. A patient refuses an influenza vaccine and asks the primary care nurse practitioner (NP) if the influenza medications will prevent him from getting influenza. The NP should tell the patient that although the influenza vaccine remains the best protection against influenza:

ANS:  C

Zanamivir has been shown to be 70% to 90% effective for prophylaxis before or after exposure to influenza A or B. Amantadine and rimantadine are not recommended for prophylaxis of seasonal influenza, and many strains have developed resistance to both of these drugs.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)                           REF:   741

2. A patient who is currently not sexually active has an outbreak of genital herpes. The patient asks the primary care NP how this could have occurred without active infection since being treated more than 2 years ago. The NP should tell the patient that:

ANS:  D

Treatment of acute infection does not eliminate chronic infection, and outbreaks can occur at any time. Latency and outbreaks are not necessarily caused by resistant HSV strains. The current infection is not caused by contact with a toilet seat.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)                           REF:   741

3. A patient who has genital herpes has frequent outbreaks. The patient asks the primary care NP why it is necessary to take oral acyclovir all the time and not just for acute outbreaks. The NP should explain that oral acyclovir may:

ANS:  B

Oral acyclovir has prevented or reduced the frequency of severity of recurrences in more than 95% of patients and so should be given to patients with recurrent episodes. It does not affect resistance. The antiviral medication does not eradicate the virus; it prevents replication. The disease is transmitted even without symptoms.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)                           REF:   741

4. A 60-year-old patient comes to the clinic reporting a sudden onset of a painful rash that began the day before. The primary care NP notes a vesicular rash along a dermatome on one side of the patient’s back. The patient has a low-grade fever. The NP will prescribe:

ANS:  B

Acyclovir is effective against herpes viruses including the varicella-zoster virus that causes shingles. Varicella vaccine is given to prevent shingles in older patients. Metronidazole is an antiprotozoal. Amantadine is given to treat influenza.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)                           REF:   740