Chapter 12: Skin, Hair, and Nails

Chapter 12: Skin, Hair, and Nails

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. The nurse educator is preparing an education module for the nursing staff on the epidermal layer of skin. Which of these statements would be included in the module? The epidermis is:

a.	Highly vascular.
b.	Thick and tough.
c.	Thin and nonstratified.
d.	Replaced every 4 weeks.

 

 

ANS:  D

The epidermis is thin yet tough, replaced every 4 weeks, avascular, and stratified into several zones.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)             REF:   p. 199

MSC:  Client Needs: General

 

2. The nurse educator is preparing an education module for the nursing staff on the dermis layer of skin. Which of these statements would be included in the module? The dermis:

a.	Contains mostly fat cells.
b.	Consists mostly of keratin.
c.	Is replaced every 4 weeks.
d.	Contains sensory receptors.

 

 

ANS:  D

The dermis consists mostly of collagen, has resilient elastic tissue that allows the skin to stretch, and contains nerves, sensory receptors, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels. It is not replaced every 4 weeks.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)             REF:   p. 200

MSC:  Client Needs: General

 

3. The nurse is examining a patient who tells the nurse, “I sure sweat a lot, especially on my face and feet but it doesn’t have an odor.” The nurse knows that this condition could be related to:

a.	Eccrine glands.
b.	Apocrine glands.
c.	Disorder of the stratum corneum.
d.	Disorder of the stratum germinativum.

 

 

ANS:  A

The eccrine glands are coiled tubules that directly open onto the skin surface and produce a dilute saline solution called sweat. Apocrine glands are primarily located in the axillae, anogenital area, nipples, and naval area and mix with bacterial flora to produce the characteristic musky body odor. The patient’s statement is not related to disorders of the stratum corneum or the stratum germinativum.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)                           REF:   p. 200

MSC:  Client Needs: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation

 

4. A newborn infant is in the clinic for a well-baby checkup. The nurse observes the infant for the possibility of fluid loss because of which of these factors?

a.	Subcutaneous fat deposits are high in the newborn.
b.	Sebaceous glands are overproductive in the newborn.
c.	The newborn’s skin is more permeable than that of the adult.
d.	The amount of vernix caseosa dramatically rises in the newborn.

 

 

ANS:  C

The newborn’s skin is thin, smooth, and elastic and is relatively more permeable than that of the adult; consequently, the infant is at greater risk for fluid loss. The subcutaneous layer in the infant is inefficient, not thick, and the sebaceous glands are present but decrease in size and production. Vernix caseosa is not produced after birth.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)                           REF:   p. 201

MSC:  Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

5. The nurse is bathing an 80-year-old man and notices that his skin is wrinkled, thin, lax, and dry. This finding would be related to which factor in the older adult?

a.	Increased vascularity of the skin
b.	Increased numbers of sweat and sebaceous glands
c.	An increase in elastin and a decrease in subcutaneous fat
d.	An increased loss of elastin and a decrease in subcutaneous fat

 

 

ANS:  D

An accumulation of factors place the aging person at risk for skin disease and breakdown: the thinning of the skin, a decrease in vascularity and nutrients, the loss of protective cushioning of the subcutaneous layer, a lifetime of environmental trauma to skin, the social changes of aging, a increasingly sedentary lifestyle, and the chance of immobility.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)                           REF:   p. 201

MSC:  Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance