Chapter 15; Sedatives, Analgesics, and Paralytics

Chapter 15; Sedatives, Analgesics, and Paralytics

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. A mechanically ventilated patient is being assessed for her level of sedation. The patient is semiasleep and responds to verbal commands. What score on the Ramsay Sedation Scale should be assigned to this patient?

a.	2
b.	3
c.	4
d.	5

 

 

ANS:   B

A patient who is semiasleep but responds to verbal commands would be given a score of 3 on the Ramsay Sedation Scale.

 

DIF:    2                      REF:    pg. 308

 

2. Which of the following is the sedation scale that uses a graduated single category?

a.	Comfort Scale
b.	Motor Activity Assessment Scale
c.	Ramsay Sedation Scale
d.	Sedation-Agitation Scale

 

 

ANS:   C

The Ramsay Sedation Scale is a graduated, single-category scale that is easy to perform and provides a numerical value that can be used as a target for achieving adequate sedation.

 

DIF:    1                      REF:    pg. 308

 

3. What range of scores on the Ramsay Sedation Scale indicates adequate sedation?

a.	1 to 3
b.	2 to 4
c.	3 to 5
d.	5 to 6

 

 

ANS:   B

A score of 2 to 4 on the Ramsay scale indicates adequate sedation.

 

DIF:    1                      REF:    pg. 308

 

4. The group of drugs that interact with GABA receptor complex on neurons in the brain is which of the following?

a.	Opioids
b.	Paralytics
c.	Benzodiazepines
d.	Depolarizing agents

 

 

ANS:   C

Benzodiazepines exert their effects through a nonspecific depression of the central nervous system. This is accomplished when these drugs bind to benzodiazepine sites on the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor complex on neurons in the brain.

 

DIF:    1                      REF:    pg. 308| pg. 309

 

5. A patient with hypovolemic shock secondary to widespread second- and third-degree burns is being mechanically ventilated. The patient appears agitated, and the respiratory therapist is unable to synchronize the ventilator to the patient. Which drug can the respiratory therapist suggest to the ICU team to sedate this patient and synchronize ventilation?

a.	Fentanyl
b.	Morphine
c.	Propofol
d.	Succinylcholine

 

 

ANS:   A

Fentanyl has minimal effects on the cardiovascular system and does not cause histamine release, as does morphine. It also has minimal effects on the renal system compared with other opioids. Therefore, fentanyl is the opioid of choice for patients with unstable hemodynamic status and renal insufficiency. Morphine and propofol have hemodynamic effects that may worsen this patient’s hypovolemia. Succinylcholine is a paralyzing agent. Paralyzing agents should not be given without sedatives.

 

DIF:    3                      REF:    pg. 310