Chapter 23; Special Techniques in Ventilatory Support

Chapter 23; Special Techniques in Ventilatory Support

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. In the APRV mode, which of the following is considered baseline?

a.	Plow
b.	Phigh
c.	Tlow
d.	Thigh

 

 

ANS:   B

In the APRV mode, the P_high is considered the baseline pressure.

 

DIF:    1                      REF:    pg. 505

 

2. Compared with pressure-controlled inverse ratio ventilation, APRV does which of the following?

a.	Decreases the cardiac index
b.	Reduces the need for sedation
c.	Increases the peak airway pressure
d.	Increases the central venous pressure

 

 

ANS:   B

Compared with pressure-controlled inverse ratio ventilation, APRV reduces peak and mean airway pressures, increases cardiac index, decreases central venous pressure, increases urine output, increases oxygen delivery, and reduces the need for sedation and paralysis.

 

DIF:    1                      REF:    pg. 506

 

3. The advantage of APRV over VC-CMV or PC-CMV is which of the following?

a.	It enhances CO2 elimination.
b.	Volume delivery is consistent.
c.	Independent lung regions are better ventilated.
d.	It reduces the risk of ventilator-induced lung injury.

 

 

ANS:   D

APRV can reduce airway pressure in patients with ALI/ARDS; it therefore is also thought to reduce the risk of ventilator-induced lung injury. In APRV the volume delivery varies, depending on lung compliance, airway resistance, and the patient’s spontaneous effort. APRV helps ventilate the dependent regions of the lungs, which are better perfused, improving the patient’s ventilation/perfusion matching. CO₂ elimination is not completely supported by APRV and relies more on the patient’s spontaneous breathing.

 

DIF:    1                      REF:    pg. 506| pg. 507

 

4. When T_high is set at 5.5 seconds, and the T_low is set at 0.5 seconds; what is the set ventilator rate?

a.	8
b.	10
c.	14
d.	16

 

 

ANS:   B

T_high + T_low = TCT; 60/TCT = f.

 

DIF:    2                      REF:    pg. 507| pg. 508

 

5. Which variable in APRV is responsible for the removal of CO₂ from the body?

a.	Tlow
b.	Thigh
c.	Plow
d.	Phigh

 

 

ANS:   A

During the release time, or T_low, the patient exhales a volume of gas; this allows ventilation and the removal of CO₂ from the body.

 

DIF:    1                      REF:    pg. 508