Porth's Pathophysiology, Concepts of Altered Health States 9th Edition by Sheila Grossman-Carol Mattson Porth
Porth's Pathophysiology, Concepts of Altered Health States 9th Edition by Sheila Grossman-Carol Mattson Porth
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Chapter 13- Innate and Adaptive Immunity
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
| 1. | The nurse knows which of the following statements listed below relative to a client with malignant melanoma treated with alpha interferon (IFN-a) is accurate? Alpha interferon (IFN-a) | |
| A) | will kill certain microorganisms that may help spread the cancer. | |
| B) | plays an important role in the modulation of the inflammatory response. | |
| C) | helps keep all the blood levels at a higher level. | |
| D) | controls the migration of leukocytes to their primary site. | |
| Ans: | B | |
| Feedback: | ||
| IFNs are cytokines that primarily protect the host against viral infections and play a role in the modulation of the inflammatory response. | ||
| 2. | The nurse knows which of the following statements listed below is accurate regarding the functions and nature of cytokines relative to a variety of pathologies? | |
| A) | “A particular cytokine can have varied effects on different systems, a fact that limits their therapeutic use.” | |
| B) | “Cytokine production is constant over time, but effects are noted when serum levels cross a particular threshold.” | |
| C) | “Most cytokines are produced by granular leukocytes, and different cells are capable of producing the same cytokine.” | |
| D) | “Cytokine actions are self-limiting, in that activation of one precludes activation of other cytokines with similar actions.” | |
| Ans: | A | |
| Feedback: | ||
| Because cytokines can mediate diverse effects due to their pleiotropic properties, they can have significant side effects. Cytokine production is brief, not constant, and production does not normally take place in granulocytes. Activation of a cytokine does not necessarily limit other similar cytokines, and additive effects are not uncommon. | ||
| 3. | The nurse knows that a drug in a category identified as a colony-stimulating factor (CSF) helps | |
| A) | cells engulf and digest microbes that want to attach to cell membranes and destroy normal cell function. | |
| B) | produce cells that will be the first responder cells to protect against cancer formation. | |
| C) | stimulate the person’s immune system so that he or she can kill his or her own cancer cells. | |
| D) | stimulate bone marrow to produce large numbers of mature cells such as platelets and erythrocytes. | |
| Ans: | D | |
| Feedback: | ||
| CSFs participate in hematopoiesis by stimulating bone marrow pluripotent stem and progenitor or precursor cells to produce large numbers of mature platelets, erythrocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and monocytes. | ||
| 4. | Which of the following individual situations listed below best exemplifies the processes of innate immunity? | |
| A) | A child who has experienced heat and swelling of his skinned knuckle | |
| B) | An adult who complains of itching and is sneezing because he is allergic to pollen | |
| C) | A client whose blood work indicates increased antibody titers during an acute illness | |
| D) | A client who has experienced rejection of a donor liver after transplantation | |
| Ans: | A | |
| Feedback: | ||
| In a skinned knuckle, one of the body’s main innate defenses, the skin, is breached. The heat and swelling that accompany a breach in the skin are inflammatory responses, part of the body’s innate immune defenses. Allergies are an inappropriate adaptive response mediated by immunoglobulin E; antibody titers increase during illness in response to the infection; and transplanted organs are rejected because the organ is recognized as foreign. These are all aspects of specific, acquired immunity. | ||
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