Porth's Pathophysiology, Concepts of Altered Health States 9th Edition by Sheila Grossman-Carol Mattson Porth
Porth's Pathophysiology, Concepts of Altered Health States 9th Edition by Sheila Grossman-Carol Mattson Porth
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Chapter 22- Disorders of Thought, Emotion, and Memory
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
| 1. | Which of the following statements best captures the current understanding of the etiology of mental illness? | |
| A) | The role of “nurture,” experiences, and relationships has been largely disproven. | |
| B) | Mental illness can be attributed to organic brain changes and pathophysiological processes. | |
| C) | Mental illness exists from the interplay of biologic factors and psychosocial influences. | |
| D) | Current understanding of mental illness has shown that both biologic psychiatry and psychosocial psychiatry are incorrect. | |
| Ans: | C | |
| Feedback: | ||
| Mental illness is currently thought to be the outcome of anatomical and/or physiological influences and psychosocial factors. Neither factor can attribute for 100% of the diagnoses and manifestations of mental illness. Both biologic psychiatry and psychosocial psychiatry have their merits and demerits; neither is wholly incorrect. | ||
| 2. | As part of a diagnostic workup of a 22-year-old male with recently diagnosed schizophrenia, a neurologist wants to examine the levels of metabolic activity in particular areas of the client’s brain. Which of the following diagnostic procedures is the physician most likely to order? | |
| A) | Computed tomography (CT) | |
| B) | Electroencephalography (EEG) | |
| C) | Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | |
| D) | Positron emission tomography (PET) | |
| Ans: | D | |
| Feedback: | ||
| PET is rooted in the selective brain uptake of radiolabeled isotopes. As such, it can measure brain metabolic activity. CT and MRI offer visualization of structural components, while EEG measures electrical activity. | ||
| 3. | An adult, who was sexually abused as a child, has been displaying some stress. She seems to complain of increasing medical problems when she is under more stress. The nurse would classify this as an example of | |
| A) | vitamin deficiency. | |
| B) | the stress–diathesis theory. | |
| C) | mendelian research. | |
| D) | parental disassociation. | |
| Ans: | B | |
| Feedback: | ||
| The stress–diathesis model of psychiatric disorders evolved from a recognition that genetics (diathesis) and environment (stress) both contribute to the development of psychiatric disorders. Adults who report significant traumatic experiences such as an emotional, physical, or sexual abuse as children show a graded positive response; that is, the more trauma experienced, the more both medical and mental illness occur later in life. Vitamin deficiency has not been implicated as a cause of increasing medical complaints when experiencing stress. Mendelian research studies genetics and describes the way in which genes modulate behavior and psychological traits. Parental nurturing mediates this epigenetic response, but in the absence of nurturing (dissociation), children have difficulties with attention and following directions. As teenagers, they are more likely to engage in high-risk behaviors and, as adults, show increased aggression, impulsive behavior, weakened cognition, and an inability to discriminate between real and imagined threats. | ||
| 4. | A toddler brought up in a chaotic, nonnurturing environment may suffer neurological consequences if the parent does not achieve attachment with the child. The nurse knows that which of the following nervous systems listed below is the first to respond to the safety needs of the child? | |
| A) | Parasympathetic nervous system | |
| B) | Autonomic nervous system | |
| C) | Sympathetic nervous system | |
| D) | Limbic system | |
| Ans: | C | |
| Feedback: | ||
| If the ventral vagus is utilized and fails to provide safety, the SNS is recruited first. The other distracters are not the first to respond. | ||
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