Chapter 25 Principles of Pediatric Nursing 6th Ed By Ball

Chapter 25 Principles of Pediatric Nursing 6th Ed By Ball

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Question 1

Type: MCSA

The nurse is planning postoperative care for an infant after a cleft-lip repair. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for this infant?

1. Prone positioning
2. Suctioning with a Yankauer device
3. Supine or side-lying positioning
4. Avoidance of soft elbow restraints

Correct Answer: 3

Rationale 1: Integrity of the suture line is essential for postoperative care of cleft-lip repair. The infant should be placed in a supine or side-lying position to avoid rubbing the suture line on the bedding. The prone position should be avoided. A Yankauer suction device is made of hard plastic and, if used, could cause trauma to the suture line. Suctioning should be done with a small, soft suction catheter. Soft elbow restraints may be used to prevent the infant from touching the incisional area.

Rationale 2: Integrity of the suture line is essential for postoperative care of cleft-lip repair. The infant should be placed in a supine or side-lying position to avoid rubbing the suture line on the bedding. The prone position should be avoided. A Yankauer suction device is made of hard plastic and, if used, could cause trauma to the suture line. Suctioning should be done with a small, soft suction catheter. Soft elbow restraints may be used to prevent the infant from touching the incisional area.

Rationale 3: Integrity of the suture line is essential for postoperative care of cleft-lip repair. The infant should be placed in a supine or side-lying position to avoid rubbing the suture line on the bedding. The prone position should be avoided. A Yankauer suction device is made of hard plastic and, if used, could cause trauma to the suture line. Suctioning should be done with a small, soft suction catheter. Soft elbow restraints may be used to prevent the infant from touching the incisional area.

Rationale 4: Integrity of the suture line is essential for postoperative care of cleft-lip repair. The infant should be placed in a supine or side-lying position to avoid rubbing the suture line on the bedding. The prone position should be avoided. A Yankauer suction device is made of hard plastic and, if used, could cause trauma to the suture line. Suctioning should be done with a small, soft suction catheter. Soft elbow restraints may be used to prevent the infant from touching the incisional area.

Global Rationale: Integrity of the suture line is essential for postoperative care of cleft-lip repair. The infant should be placed in a supine or side-lying position to avoid rubbing the suture line on the bedding. The prone position should be avoided. A Yankauer suction device is made of hard plastic and, if used, could cause trauma to the suture line. Suctioning should be done with a small, soft suction catheter. Soft elbow restraints may be used to prevent the infant from touching the incisional area.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment

Client Need Sub: Safety and Infection Control

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Planning

Learning Outcome: LO 25.5 Analyze developmentally appropriate approaches for nursing management of gastrointestinal disorders in the pediatric population.

 

Question 2

Type: MCSA

An infant is born with an esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula. Which preoperative nursing diagnosis is the priority for this infant?

1. Risk for Aspiration Related to Regurgitation
2. Acute Pain Related to Esophageal Defect
3. Ineffective Infant Feeding Pattern Related to Uncoordinated Suck and Swallow
4. Ineffective Tissue Perfusion: Gastrointestinal, Related to Decreased Circulation

Correct Answer: 1

Rationale 1: With the most common type of esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula, the upper segment of the esophagus ends in a blind pouch and a fistula connects the lower segment to the trachea. Preoperatively, there is a risk of aspiration of gastric secretions from the stomach into the trachea because of the fistula that connects the lower segment of the esophagus to the trachea. Pain is not usually experienced preoperatively with this condition. The infant is always kept NPO (nothing by mouth) preoperatively, so ineffective feeding pattern would not apply. Tissue perfusion is not a problem with this condition.

Rationale 2: With the most common type of esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula, the upper segment of the esophagus ends in a blind pouch and a fistula connects the lower segment to the trachea. Preoperatively, there is a risk of aspiration of gastric secretions from the stomach into the trachea because of the fistula that connects the lower segment of the esophagus to the trachea. Pain is not usually experienced preoperatively with this condition. The infant is always kept NPO (nothing by mouth) preoperatively, so ineffective feeding pattern would not apply. Tissue perfusion is not a problem with this condition.

Rationale 3: With the most common type of esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula, the upper segment of the esophagus ends in a blind pouch and a fistula connects the lower segment to the trachea. Preoperatively, there is a risk of aspiration of gastric secretions from the stomach into the trachea because of the fistula that connects the lower segment of the esophagus to the trachea. Pain is not usually experienced preoperatively with this condition. The infant is always kept NPO (nothing by mouth) preoperatively, so ineffective feeding pattern would not apply. Tissue perfusion is not a problem with this condition.

Rationale 4: With the most common type of esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula, the upper segment of the esophagus ends in a blind pouch and a fistula connects the lower segment to the trachea. Preoperatively, there is a risk of aspiration of gastric secretions from the stomach into the trachea because of the fistula that connects the lower segment of the esophagus to the trachea. Pain is not usually experienced preoperatively with this condition. The infant is always kept NPO (nothing by mouth) preoperatively, so ineffective feeding pattern would not apply. Tissue perfusion is not a problem with this condition.

Global Rationale: With the most common type of esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula, the upper segment of the esophagus ends in a blind pouch and a fistula connects the lower segment to the trachea. Preoperatively, there is a risk of aspiration of gastric secretions from the stomach into the trachea because of the fistula that connects the lower segment of the esophagus to the trachea. Pain is not usually experienced preoperatively with this condition. The infant is always kept NPO (nothing by mouth) preoperatively, so ineffective feeding pattern would not apply. Tissue perfusion is not a problem with this condition.

Cognitive Level: Analyzing

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Basic Care and Comfort

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Diagnosis

Learning Outcome: LO 25.2 Discuss the pathophysiologic processes associated with specific gastrointestinal disorders in the pediatric population.

 

Question 3

Type: MCSA

The nurse is evaluating an infant’s tolerance of feedings after a pyloromyotomy. Which finding indicates that the infant is not tolerating the feeding?

1. Need for frequent burping
2. Irritability during feeding
3. The passing of gas
4. Emesis after two feedings

Correct Answer: 4

Rationale 1: An infant is not tolerating feedings after a pyloromyotomy if emesis is present. Frequent burping, irritability, and the passing of gas would be expected findings following a pyloromyotomy and would indicate tolerance of the feeding.

Rationale 2: An infant is not tolerating feedings after a pyloromyotomy if emesis is present. Frequent burping, irritability, and the passing of gas would be expected findings following a pyloromyotomy and would indicate tolerance of the feeding.

Rationale 3: An infant is not tolerating feedings after a pyloromyotomy if emesis is present. Frequent burping, irritability, and the passing of gas would be expected findings following a pyloromyotomy and would indicate tolerance of the feeding.

Rationale 4: An infant is not tolerating feedings after a pyloromyotomy if emesis is present. Frequent burping, irritability, and the passing of gas would be expected findings following a pyloromyotomy and would indicate tolerance of the feeding.

Global Rationale: An infant is not tolerating feedings after a pyloromyotomy if emesis is present. Frequent burping, irritability, and the passing of gas would be expected findings following a pyloromyotomy and would indicate tolerance of the feeding.

 

Cognitive Level: Analyzing

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Physiological Adaptation

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Evaluation

Learning Outcome: LO 25.4 Contrast nursing management and plan care for disorders of the gastrointestinal system for the child needing abdominal surgery versus the child needing nonoperative management.

 

Question 4

Type: MCSA

An infant born with an omphalocele defect is admitted to the intensive-care nursery. Which instruction from the nurse manager to the unlicensed assistive personnel is most appropriate?

1. Prepare a warmer.
2. Prepare a crib.
3. Prepare a feeding of formula.
4. Prepare the bilirubin light.

Correct Answer: 1

Rationale 1: Omphalocele is a congenital malformation in which intra-abdominal contents herniate through the umbilical cord. The infant many lose heat through the viscera; a warmer is indicated to prevent hypothermia. The crib would not provide adequate maintenance of temperature control. The infant is NPO (nothing by mouth) preoperatively and may or may not need a bilirubin light before surgery.

Rationale 2: Omphalocele is a congenital malformation in which intra-abdominal contents herniate through the umbilical cord. The infant many lose heat through the viscera; a warmer is indicated to prevent hypothermia. The crib would not provide adequate maintenance of temperature control. The infant is NPO (nothing by mouth) preoperatively and may or may not need a bilirubin light before surgery.

Rationale 3: Omphalocele is a congenital malformation in which intra-abdominal contents herniate through the umbilical cord. The infant many lose heat through the viscera; a warmer is indicated to prevent hypothermia. The crib would not provide adequate maintenance of temperature control. The infant is NPO (nothing by mouth) preoperatively and may or may not need a bilirubin light before surgery.

Rationale 4: Omphalocele is a congenital malformation in which intra-abdominal contents herniate through the umbilical cord. The infant many lose heat through the viscera; a warmer is indicated to prevent hypothermia. The crib would not provide adequate maintenance of temperature control. The infant is NPO (nothing by mouth) preoperatively and may or may not need a bilirubin light before surgery.

Global Rationale: Omphalocele is a congenital malformation in which intra-abdominal contents herniate through the umbilical cord. The infant many lose heat through the viscera; a warmer is indicated to prevent hypothermia. The crib would not provide adequate maintenance of temperature control. The infant is NPO (nothing by mouth) preoperatively and may or may not need a bilirubin light before surgery.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment

Client Need Sub: Management of Care

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: LO 25.4 Contrast nursing management and plan care for disorders of the gastrointestinal system for the child needing abdominal surgery versus the child needing nonoperative management.