Chapter 03: Nursing’s Pathway to Professionalism

Chapter 03: Nursing’s Pathway to Professionalism

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. Which of the following was recognized earliest as a true profession?

a.	Ministry
b.	Teaching
c.	Social work
d.	Engineering

 

 

ANS:  A

 

	Feedback
A	Historically only medicine, law, and the ministry were accepted as professions.
B	Teaching was not accepted as an early profession.
C	Social work was not accepted as an early profession.
D	Engineering was not accepted as an early profession.

 

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge            REF:   Page 52

 

2. Which of the following characteristics of a profession were listed in Flexner’s work on professions?

a.	Activities of professions are more physically than intellectually oriented.
b.	Activities of professions are based on their own body of knowledge.
c.	Beliefs of professions are more theoretical than practical.
d.	Beliefs and traditions are handed down from generation to generation.

 

 

ANS:  B

 

	Feedback
A	Flexner actually lists intellectual as opposed to physical activities.
B	Flexner’s characteristics of professions list a body of knowledge that can be learned and is refreshed and refined through research.
C	Flexner lists practical as well as theoretical beliefs.
D	Flexner stressed that in professions, information is taught through a process of highly specialized professional education.

 

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   Page 52

 

3. Similarities exist between various ideas about what constitutes a profession. Which of the following is believed to be a characteristic of a profession?

a.	Members have autonomy.
b.	Members are trained on the job.
c.	Members are motivated primarily by financial reward.
d.	The group lacks a code of ethics.

 

 

ANS:  A

 

	Feedback
A	A review of the literature on characteristics of a profession yielded these similarities: service/altruism, specialized knowledge, and autonomy/ethics.
B	Specialized formal education is required.
C	Members are motivated by altruism.
D	Ethics or a code of ethics is a characteristic of professions.

 

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge            REF:   Page 53

 

4. Which of the following best describes the difference between an occupation and a profession?

a.	A profession requires a duty to serve.
b.	A profession is defined by members’ average income.
c.	In a profession, action is based on intuition.
d.	In a profession, knowledge is handed down from generation to generation.

 

 

ANS:  A

 

	Feedback
A	“Profession” is defined as a duty, vocation, or form of employment that provides a needed service to society and possesses characteristics of expertise, autonomy, long academic preparation, commitment, and responsibility.
B	Average income does not determine the difference between an occupation and a profession.
C	In a profession, action is based on long academic preparation, a body of knowledge, and instruction in techniques of the profession, not on intuition.
D	Knowledge is transferred in formal academic preparation, not handed down.

 

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   Page 54

 

5. According to the nurse’s Code of Ethics, the hallmark of nursing practice is

a.	autonomy.
b.	accountability.
c.	evidence-based practice.
d.	altruism.

 

 

ANS:  B

 

	Feedback
A	Nurses do not have complete autonomy but work with other disciplines.
B	Individual accountability has become the hallmark of practice. Provision 4 of the Code of Ethics states, “The nurse is responsible and accountable for individual practice…”
C	Evidence-based practice is relatively new to nursing.
D	Although important to nursing, altruism is not the hallmark of nursing practice according to the Code of Ethics.

 

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   Page 56