Chapter 07: Ethics: Basic Concepts for Professional Nursing Practice

Chapter 07: Ethics: Basic Concepts for Professional Nursing Practice

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. Which of the following situations is an example of moral distress?

a.	You hear nurses in the lounge making off-color jokes about a patient. You are afraid to speak up for fear of retaliation.
b.	You have been late for work a couple of times in the last 2 weeks, and your co-workers are covering for you.
c.	You become romantically involved with a co-worker, which is against the unit policy, so you resign your position.
d.	You purposefully use vague language when explaining a patient’s condition to the family. Staff expects that the patient may be brain-dead, but test results are not yet conclusive.

 

 

ANS:  A

 

	Feedback
A	The definition of “moral distress” is distress that results from participating in a perceived moral wrongdoing due to situational constraints despite attempting to make a moral choice.
B	There is no breach of ethics in being late and having co-workers cover for you.
C	The person acts appropriately to the moral issue by resigning the position.
D	The person is acting appropriately under current circumstances.

 

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                REF:   Page 127

 

2. According to Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, adolescents who shoplift are operating in which level of moral development?

a.	Preconventional
b.	Conventional
c.	Postconventional
d.	Developmental

 

 

ANS:  A

 

	Feedback
A	In Kohlberg’s preconventional level of moral development, the individual is inattentive to the norms of society and is self-centered.
B	In the conventional level, moral decisions conform to the norms of society.
C	In the postconventional level, the individual has a highly developed moral value system independent of group norms.
D	“Developmental” is not a level of moral development identified by Kohlberg.

 

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   Pages 129-130

 

3. According to Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, individuals who act “because it is the rule of society” are operating in which level of moral development?

a.	Preconventional
b.	Conventional
c.	Postconventional
d.	Developmental

 

 

ANS:  B

 

	Feedback
A	In Kohlberg’s preconventional level of moral development, the individual is inattentive to the norms of society and is self-centered.
B	In the conventional level, moral decisions conform to the norms of society.
C	In the postconventional level, the individual has a highly developed moral value system independent of group norms.
D	“Developmental” is not a level of moral development identified by Kohlberg.

 

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   Page 130

 

4. Flight 93, hijacked on September 11, 2001, crashed into the Pennsylvania countryside because some of the passengers decided to try to take control of the plane and prevent it from being used as a weapon of mass destruction against structures in Washington, D.C. They decided to act despite grave danger to themselves. This is an example of which level of Kohlberg’s theory of moral development?

a.	Preconventional
b.	Conventional
c.	Postconventional
d.	Conventional phase 4

 

 

ANS:  C

 

	Feedback
A	In the preconventional level, the person’s self-interest takes precedence over group norms.
B	In the conventional level, the person conforms to group norms.
C	People in the postconventional level of moral development may ignore self-interest and group norms when making decisions and may sacrifice themselves for the group.
D	Phase 4 of the conventional level follows group and cultural norms.

 

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                REF:   Page 130