Chapter 39: Child With a Communicable Disease

Chapter 39: Child With a Communicable Disease

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

 

____     1.   When evaluating a pediatric patient’s laboratory data, the nurse knows that which blood cell component seeks out and destroys organisms that might cause disease?

1)	Antibodies
2)	T lymphocytes
3)	Antigens
4)	Neutrophils

 

 

____     2.   When conducting a child’s physical assessment, the pediatric nurse recognizes that the child’s “slapped cheek” facial rash is associated with which virus?

1)	Epstein-Barr
2)	Fifth disease
3)	Varicella-zoster
4)	Hepatitis A

 

 

____     3.   The pediatric nurse concludes parent teaching about children and influenza by asking: “How long does the incubation period for influenza last?” Which response by the parent indicates appropriate understanding?

1)	3 to 6 days
2)	1 to 2 days
3)	1 to 3 days
4)	4 to 6 days

 

 

____     4.   A 4-month-old infant is brought to the clinic to have a second diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTaP) vaccine. The infant’s mother states that the infant has had a runny nose for the last 2 days but no fever. Prior to administering the infant’s immunization, which question from the nurse to the mother is the most appropriate?

1)	“Weren’t you aware that your baby can’t get immunizations when experiencing a runny nose?”
2)	“Did your baby have any reaction following the first DTaP?”
3)	“Did you bring your baby’s immunization record with you today?”
4)	“Did you remember to premedicate your infant with steroids?”

 

Answer Section

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. ANS:  2

Chapter number and title: 39: Child With a Communicable Disease

Chapter learning objective: Define the key terms.

Chapter page reference: 659-660

Heading: Vaccines

Integrated processes: Clinical Problem-Solving Process

Client need: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

Cognitive level: Comprehension [Understanding]

Concept: Immunity

Difficulty: Easy

 

	Feedback
1	Antibodies can recognize an antigen (foreign substance). When an antigen is detected, several types of cells work together to recognize and respond to the invader.
2	The white blood cells (leukocytes) are part of the defense system. There are two basic types: phagocytes (neutrophils are the most common and fight bacteria) and lymphocytes (B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes) seek out and destroy organisms that might cause disease.
3	Antibodies can recognize an antigen (foreign substance). When an antigen is detected, several types of cells work together to recognize and respond to the invader.
4	The white blood cells (leukocytes) are part of the defense system. There are two basic types: phagocytes (neutrophils are the most common and fight bacteria) and lymphocytes (B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes) seek out and destroy organisms that might cause disease.

 

 

PTS:   1                    CON:  Immunity

 

2. ANS:  2

Chapter number and title: 39: Child With a Communicable Disease

Chapter learning objective: Describe the most commonly encountered childhood infectious diseases and describe the transmission, incubation, common symptoms, and treatments or supportive therapy for each.

Chapter page reference: 675-687

Heading: Table 39-2 Nonimmunizable Communicable Illnesses of Childhood

Integrated processes: Clinical Problem-Solving Process

Client need: Physiological Adaptation

Cognitive level: Comprehension [Understanding]

Concept: Infection

Difficulty: Easy

 

	Feedback
1	Infectious mononucleosis caused by the Epstein-Barr virus presents with a classic triad of symptoms including fever, pharyngitis, and lymphadenopathy lasting from 1 to 4 weeks.
2	Fifth disease (caused by parvovirus B19) presents with three distinct stages. In the first stage, lasting 2 to 3 days, the child has mild systemic symptoms that mimic the flu. During the second stage, a deep red rash appears on the cheeks, giving the classic “slapped face” appearance.
3	The varicella-zoster virus causes rash, fever, itching, and fatigue and can lead to severe skin infection, scarring, brain damage, and death.
4	The hepatitis A virus causes severe liver disease, mild flu-like illness, jaundice, severe stomach pains, and diarrhea.

 

 

PTS:   1                    CON:  Infection

 

3. ANS:  3

Chapter number and title: 39: Child With a Communicable Disease

Chapter learning objective: Describe the most commonly encountered childhood infectious diseases and describe the transmission, incubation, common symptoms, and treatments or supportive therapy for each.

Chapter page reference: 663-664

Heading: Influenza “The Flu”

Integrated processes: Teaching and Learning

Client need: Physiological Adaptation

Cognitive level: Analysis [Analyzing]

Concept: Infection

Difficulty: Difficult

 

	Feedback
1	This response is not the most appropriate.
2	This response is not the most appropriate.
3	Influenza is transmitted via droplets from person to person. The incubation period is typically 1 to 3 days, but young children may be infectious for up to 10 days prior to the onset of symptoms.
4	This response is not the most appropriate.

 

 

PTS:   1                    CON:  Infection

 

4. ANS:  2

Chapter number and title: 39, Child with a Communicable Disease

Chapter learning objective: Describe the purpose of vaccines and childhood immunizations and discuss the most common infections that children are immunized for.

Chapter page reference: 660-673

Heading: Common Communicable Disorders

Integrated processes: Clinical Problem-Solving Process

Client need: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

Cognitive level: Application [Applying]

Concept: Assessment

Difficulty: Moderate

 

	Feedback
1	This is not an appropriate question from the nurse.
2	Safe administration of vaccines requires the nurse to screen for contraindications and precautions prior to administration. There are very few real contraindications to vaccinations. Only one universal contraindication exists to all vaccines, that is, previous severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) to the vaccine or its component of vaccine. This can be assessed by asking the mother if her son had any reaction to the first immunization.
3	This is not an appropriate question from the nurse.
4	This is not an appropriate question from the nurse.

 

 

PTS:   1                    CON:  Assessment