Chapter 20: Anus, Rectum, and Prostate

Chapter 20: Anus, Rectum, and Prostate

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. The adult internal rectal sphincter is controlled by the:

a.	autonomic nervous system.
b.	central nervous system.
c.	lumbar spinal reflexes.
d.	sacral spinal reflexes.

 

 

ANS:  A

The internal ring of smooth muscle of the anal canal is under involuntary autonomic control.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)                    REF:   pp. 485-486

OBJ:   Nursing process—assessment          MSC:  Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation

 

2. The urge to defecate is caused by:

a.	constriction of the internal sphincter.
b.	the rectum filling with feces.
c.	cognitive processes.
d.	fluid volume in the stomach.

 

 

ANS:  B

The sensation to defecate results from the rectum filling with feces, which in turn stimulates relaxation of the internal sphincter.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)                    REF:   p. 486

OBJ:   Nursing process—assessment          MSC:  Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation

 

3. The proximal end of the rectum is continuous with the:

a.	sigmoid colon.
b.	duodenum.
c.	ileum.
d.	rectal sphincter.

 

 

ANS:  A

Ascending from the anus is the rectum and then the sigmoid colon, which is at the proximal end of the rectum.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)                    REF:   p. 486

OBJ:   Nursing process—assessment          MSC:  Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation

 

4. The mother of a 1-week-old, breast-fed baby tells you that she is concerned because her baby has a small bowel movement each time he feeds. You should let the mother know that:

a.	this is normal.
b.	she should feed the baby less.
c.	this usually indicates an abnormality.
d.	she needs to switch the baby to formula.

 

 

ANS:  A

The newborn’s myelination of the spinal cord is incomplete and the internal and external sphincters are under involuntary reflexive control—that is, the gastrocolic reflex. Therefore, newborns will produce stool after each feeding.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension)             REF:   p. 486

OBJ:   Nursing process—assessment          MSC:  Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation

 

5. Baby Sue is born with an imperforate anus. However, her outward anal appearance is normal. Which sign would indicate to the health care provider that she has a closed anal passageway?

a.	Development of a scaphoid abdomen
b.	Vomiting after her first feeding
c.	Bleeding from the rectum
d.	Failure to pass meconium stool

 

 

ANS:  D

Failure to pass meconium stool indicates that a newborn has an imperforate anus.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)                           REF:   p. 486

OBJ:   Nursing process—assessment          MSC:  Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation