Chapter 19: Drug Therapy for High Blood Lipids

Chapter 19: Drug Therapy for High Blood Lipids

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

BASIC CONCEPTS

 

1. What does the term “rhabdomyolysis” mean?

a.	High blood lipid levels
b.	Skeletal muscle breakdown
c.	Coronary artery disease from atherosclerosis
d.	Skin yellowing (jaundice) from liver complications

 

 

ANS:  B

Patients taking the “statin” type of cholesterol-lowering drugs may develop rhabdomyolysis (muscle breakdown). Signs and symptoms of rhabdomyolysis include general muscle soreness, muscle pain and weakness, vomiting, stomach pain, and brown urine. The urine turns brown because small reddish-brown pieces of broken-down muscle are removed from the body through the urine.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering        REF:   p. 315

 

2. What problem is usually caused by high blood lipid levels?

a.	Atherosclerosis
b.	Blindness from glaucoma
c.	Chronic hypotension
d.	Deadly dysrhythmias

 

 

ANS:  A

Cholesterol is produced by the liver, and it is in the foods that you eat. However, your body needs only a small amount of cholesterol; too much cholesterol in the bloodstream can deposit in the walls of blood vessels forming plaque that contributes to the development of narrowed arteries such as atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering        REF:   p. 312

 

3. What enzyme is inhibited by the “statin” type of lipid-lowering drugs?

a.	Integrase
b.	Alteplase
c.	Reverse transcriptase
d.	HMG CoA reductase

 

 

ANS:  D

Statins inhibit HMG CoA reductase, an enzyme that controls cholesterol production in the body. They lower blood lipid levels by slowing the production of cholesterol and increasing the ability of the liver to remove LDL cholesterol from the blood. Statins are the most effective group of these drugs for lowering LDL cholesterol.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering        REF:   p. 314

 

4. For which patient should statin drugs be avoided?

a.	Children over age 8 years
b.	Women who are pregnant
c.	Men who are over age 65 years
d.	Women who are over age 65 years

 

 

ANS:  B

Statins should not be given to women who are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breastfeeding. Statins decrease the amount of fat in the body. Fat is essential to brain development in the fetus and infant. When there is not enough fat in the body during pregnancy and infancy, the fetus can suffer poor brain development and mental retardation.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering        REF:   p. 316