Chapter 03: Developmental and Genetic Influences on Child Health Promotion

Chapter 03: Developmental and Genetic Influences on Child Health Promotion

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. An infant gains head control before sitting unassisted. The nurse recognizes that this is which type of development?

a.	Cephalocaudal
b.	Proximodistal
c.	Mass to specific
d.	Sequential

 

 

ANS:  A

The pattern of development that is head-to-tail, or cephalocaudal, direction is described by an infant’s ability to gain head control before sitting unassisted. The head end of the organism develops first and is large and complex, whereas the lower end is smaller and simpler, and development takes place at a later time. Proximodistal, or near to far, is another pattern of development. Limb buds develop before fingers and toes. Postnatally, the child has control of the shoulder before achieving mastery of the hands. Mass to specific is not a specific pattern of development. In all dimensions of growth, a definite, sequential pattern is followed.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understand            REF:   p. 38

TOP:   Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC:  Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

2. Which refers to those times in an individual’s life when he or she is more susceptible to positive or negative influences?

a.	Sensitive period
b.	Sequential period
c.	Terminal points
d.	Differentiation points

 

 

ANS:  A

Sensitive periods are limited times during the process of growth when the organism will interact with a particular environment in a specific manner. These times make the organism more susceptible to positive or negative influences. The sequential period, terminal points, and differentiation points are developmental times that do not make the organism more susceptible to environmental interaction.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remember            REF:   p. 39

TOP:   Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning

MSC:  Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

3. An infant who weighs 7 pounds at birth would be expected to weigh how many pounds at age 1 year?

a.	14
b.	16
c.	18
d.	21

 

 

ANS:  D

In general, birth weight triples by the end of the first year of life. For an infant who was 7 pounds at birth, 21 pounds would be the anticipated weight at the first birthday; 14, 16, or 18 pounds is below what would be expected for an infant with a birth weight of 7 pounds.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understand            REF:   p. 41

TOP:   Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC:  Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

4. By what age does birth length usually double?

a.	1 year
b.	2 years
c.	4 years
d.	6 years

 

 

ANS:  C

Linear growth or height occurs almost entirely as a result of skeletal growth and is considered a stable measurement of general growth. On average, most children have doubled their birth length at age 4 years. One and 2 years are too young for doubling of length. Most children will have achieved the doubling by age 4 years.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remember            REF:   p. 41

TOP:   Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC:  Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

5. Parents of an 8-year-old child ask the nurse how many inches their child should grow each year. The nurse bases the answer on the knowledge that after age 7 years, school-age children usually grow what number of inches per year?

a.	1
b.	2
c.	3
d.	4

 

 

ANS:  B

The growth velocity after age 7 years is approximately 5 cm (2 inches) per year. One inch is too small an amount. Three and 4 inches are greater than the average yearly growth after age 7 years.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply                   REF:   p. 41

TOP:   Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Implementation