Chapter 04: Communication, Physical, and Developmental Assessment

Chapter 04: Communication, Physical, and Developmental Assessment

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. The nurse is seeing an adolescent and the parents in the clinic for the first time. Which should the nurse do first?

a.	Introduce him- or herself.
b.	Make the family comfortable.
c.	Give assurance of privacy.
d.	Explain the purpose of the interview.

 

 

ANS:  A

The first thing that nurses must do is to introduce themselves to the patient and family. Parents and other adults should be addressed with appropriate titles unless they specify a preferred name. Clarification of the purpose of the interview and the nurse’s role is the second thing that should be done. During the initial part of the interview, the nurse should include general conversation to help make the family feel at ease. The interview also should take place in an environment as free of distraction as possible. In addition, the nurse should clarify which information will be shared with other members of the health care team and any limits to the confidentiality.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying               REF:   p. 91

TOP:   Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation

MSC:  Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

2. Which is considered a block to effective communication?

a.	Using silence
b.	Using clichés
c.	Directing the focus
d.	Defining the problem

 

 

ANS:  B

Using stereotyped comments or clichés can block effective communication. After the nurse uses such trite phrases, parents often do not respond. Silence can be an effective interviewing tool. Silence permits the interviewee to sort out thoughts and feelings and search for responses to questions. To be effective, the nurse must be able to direct the focus of the interview while allowing maximum freedom of expression. By using open-ended questions and guiding questions, the nurse can obtain the necessary information and maintain a relationship with the family. The nurse and parent must collaborate and define the problem that will be the focus of the nursing intervention.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying               REF:   p. 94

TOP:   Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation

MSC:  Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

3. Which is the single most important factor to consider when communicating with children?

a.	Presence of the child’s parent
b.	Child’s physical condition
c.	Child’s developmental level
d.	Child’s nonverbal behaviors

 

 

ANS:  C

The nurse must be aware of the child’s developmental stage to engage in effective communication. The use of both verbal and nonverbal communication should be appropriate to the developmental level. Nonverbal behaviors vary in importance based on the child’s developmental level and physical condition. Although the child’s physical condition is a consideration, developmental level is much more important. The presence of parents is important when communicating with young children but may be detrimental when speaking with adolescents.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understanding       REF:   p. 147

TOP:   Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation

MSC:  Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

4. Because children younger than 5 years are egocentric, the nurse should do which when communicating with them?

a.	Focus communication on the child.
b.	Use easy analogies when possible.
c.	Explain experiences of others to the child.
d.	Assure the child that communication is private.

 

 

ANS:  A

Because children of this age are able to see things only in terms of themselves, the best approach is to focus communication directly on them. Children should be provided with information about what they can do and how they will feel. With children who are egocentric, analogies, experiences, and assurances that communication is private will not be effective because the child is not capable of understanding.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understanding       REF:   p. 96

TOP:   Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation

MSC:  Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

5. The nurse’s approach when introducing hospital equipment to a preschooler who seems afraid should be based on which principle?

a.	The child may think the equipment is alive.
b.	Explaining the equipment will only increase the child’s fear.
c.	One brief explanation will be enough to reduce the child’s fear.
d.	The child is too young to understand what the equipment does.

 

 

ANS:  A

Young children attribute human characteristics to inanimate objects. They often fear that the objects may jump, bite, cut, or pinch all by themselves without human direction. Equipment should be kept out of sight until needed. Simple, concrete explanations about what the equipment does and how it will feel will help alleviate the child’s fear. Preschoolers need repeated explanations as reassurance.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analyzing             REF:   p. 112

TOP:   Nursing Process: Implementation     MSC:  Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance