Chapter 23: Pediatric Nursing Interventions and Skills

Chapter 23: Pediatric Nursing Interventions and Skills

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. A 16-year-old girl comes to the pediatric clinic for information on birth control. The nurse knows that before this young woman can be examined, consent must be obtained from which source?

a.	Herself
b.	Her mother
c.	Court order
d.	Legal guardian

 

 

ANS:  A

Contraceptive advice is one of the conditions that is considered “medically emancipated.” The adolescent is able to provide her own informed consent.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying               REF:   p. 884

TOP:   Nursing Process: Assessment           MSC:  Client Needs: Physiological Integrity

 

2. The nurse needs to take the blood pressure of a preschool boy for the first time. What action would be best in gaining his cooperation?

a.	Tell him that this procedure will help him get well faster.
b.	Take his blood pressure when a parent is there to comfort him.
c.	Explain to him how the blood flows through the arm and why the blood pressure is important.
d.	Permit him to handle the equipment and see the cuff inflate and deflate before putting the cuff in place.

 

 

ANS:  D

A preschooler is at the stage of preoperational thought. The nurse needs to explain the procedure in simple terms and allow the child to see how the equipment works. This will help allay fears of bodily harm. Blood pressure measurement is used for assessment, not therapy, and will not help him get well faster. Although the parent will be able to support the child, he may still be uncooperative. Also, the assessment of blood pressure may be needed before the parent is available. Explaining to a preschooler how the blood flows through the artery and why the blood pressure is important is too complex.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understanding       REF:   p. 886

TOP:   Nursing Process: Implementation     MSC:  Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

3. A 4-year-old girl is admitted to outpatient surgery for removal of a cyst on her back. Her mother puts the hospital gown on her, but the child is crying because she wants to leave on her underpants. What is the most appropriate nursing action at this time??

a.	Allow her to wear her underpants.
b.	Discuss with her mother why this is important to the child.
c.	Ask her mother to explain to her why she cannot wear them.
d.	Explain in a kind, matter-of-fact manner that this is hospital policy.

 

 

ANS:  A

It is appropriate for the child to leave her underpants on. If necessary, the underpants can be removed after she has received the initial medications for anesthesia. This allows her some measure of control in this procedure. The mother should not be required to make the child more upset. The child is too young to understand what hospital policy means.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying               REF:   p. 887

TOP:   Nursing Process: Implementation     MSC:  Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

4. Using knowledge of child development, what approach is best when preparing a toddler for a procedure?

a.	Avoid asking the child to make choices.
b.	Plan for a teaching session to last about 20 minutes.
c.	Demonstrate on a doll how the procedure will be done.
d.	Show the necessary equipment without allowing child to handle it.

 

 

ANS:  C

Prepare toddlers for procedures by using play. Demonstrate on a doll but avoid the child’s favorite doll because the toddler may think the doll is really “feeling” the procedure. In preparing a toddler for a procedure, the child is allowed to participate in care and help whenever possible. Teaching sessions for toddlers should be about 5 to 10 minutes. Use a small replica of the equipment and allow the child to handle it.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying               REF:   p. 887             TOP:   Nursing Process: Planning

MSC:  Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

5. The nurse is preparing a 9-year-old boy before obtaining a blood specimen by venipuncture. The child tells the nurse he does not want to lose his blood. What approach is best by the nurse?

a.	Explain that it will not be painful.
b.	Suggest to him that he not worry about losing just a little bit of blood.
c.	Discuss with him how his body is always in the process of making blood.
d.	Tell the child that he will not even need a Band-Aid afterward because it is a simple procedure.

 

 

ANS:  C

School-age children can understand that blood can be replaced. Explain the procedure to him using correct scientific and medical terminology. The venipuncture will be uncomfortable. It is inappropriate to tell him it will not hurt. Even though the nurse considers it a simple procedure, the boy is concerned. Telling him not to worry will not allay his fears.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying               REF:   p. 907

TOP:   Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning

MSC:  Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance