Chapter 28: The Child with Respiratory Dysfunction

Chapter 28: The Child with Respiratory Dysfunction

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. Why are cool-mist vaporizers rather than steam vaporizers recommended in the home treatment of respiratory infections?

a.	They are safer.
b.	They are less expensive.
c.	Respiratory secretions are dried by steam vaporizers.
d.	A more comfortable environment is produced.

 

 

ANS:  A

Cool-mist vaporizers are safer than steam vaporizers, and little evidence exists to show any advantages to steam. The cost of cool-mist and steam vaporizers is comparable. Steam loosens secretions, not dries them. Both cool-mist vaporizers and steam vaporizers may promote a more comfortable environment, but cool-mist vaporizers have decreased risk for burns and growth of organisms.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understanding       REF:   p. 1165

TOP:   Nursing Process: Implementation     MSC:  Client Needs: Physiological Integrity

 

2. Decongestant nose drops are recommended for a 10-month-old infant with an upper respiratory tract infection. Instructions for nose drops should include which information?

a.	Do not use for more than 3 days.
b.	Keep drops to use again for nasal congestion.
c.	Administer drops after feedings and at bedtime.
d.	Give two drops every 5 minutes until nasal congestion subsides.

 

 

ANS:  A

Vasoconstrictive nose drops such as Neo-Synephrine should not be used for more than 3 days to avoid rebound congestion. Drops should be discarded after one illness and not used for other children because they may become contaminated with bacteria. Drops administered before feedings are more helpful. Two drops are administered to cause vasoconstriction in the anterior mucous membranes. An additional two drops are instilled 5 to 10 minutes later for the posterior mucous membranes. No further doses should be given.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying               REF:   p. 1170

TOP:   Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning

MSC:  Client Needs: Physiological Integrity

 

3. The parent of an infant with nasopharyngitis should be instructed to notify the health professional if the infant shows signs or symptoms of which condition?

a.	Has a cough
b.	Becomes fussy
c.	Shows signs of an earache
d.	Has a fever higher than 37.5° C (99° F)

 

 

ANS:  C

If an infant with nasopharyngitis shows signs of an earache, it may indicate respiratory complications and possibly secondary bacterial infection. The health professional should be contacted to evaluate the infant. Cough can be a sign of nasopharyngitis. Irritability is common in an infant with a viral illness. Fever is common in viral illnesses.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying               REF:   p. 1171

TOP:   Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning

MSC:  Client Needs: Physiological Integrity

 

4. It is important that a child with acute streptococcal pharyngitis be treated with antibiotics to prevent which condition?

a.	Otitis media
b.	Diabetes insipidus (DI)
c.	Nephrotic syndrome
d.	Acute rheumatic fever

 

 

ANS:  D

Group A hemolytic streptococcal infection is a brief illness with varying symptoms. It is essential that pharyngitis caused by this organism be treated with appropriate antibiotics to avoid the sequelae of acute rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis. The cause of otitis media is either viral or other bacterial organisms. DI is a disorder of the posterior pituitary. Infections such as meningitis or encephalitis, not streptococcal pharyngitis, can cause DI. Glomerulonephritis, not nephrotic syndrome, can result from acute streptococcal pharyngitis.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understanding       REF:   p. 1171           TOP:   Nursing Process: Planning

MSC:  Client Needs: Physiological Integrity

 

5. When caring for a child after a tonsillectomy, what intervention should the nurse do?

a.	Watch for continuous swallowing.
b.	Encourage gargling to reduce discomfort.
c.	Apply warm compresses to the throat.
d.	Position the child on the back for sleeping.

 

 

ANS:  A

Continuous swallowing, especially while sleeping, is an early sign of bleeding. The child swallows the blood that is trickling from the operative site. Gargling is discouraged because it could irritate the operative site. Ice compresses are recommended to reduce inflammation. The child should be positioned on the side or abdomen to facilitate drainage of secretions.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying               REF:   p. 1174

TOP:    Nursing Process: Assessment    MSC:   Client Needs: Physiological Integrity