An Introduction to Policing 7th Edition by Dempsey - Test Bank

An Introduction to Policing 7th Edition by Dempsey – Test Bank

 

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Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Chapter 5: The Police Role and Police Discretion

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. In 1985, the fleeing felon rule was declared unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court in the landmark case of ____________________.

a.	Mapp v. Ohio	c.	Tennessee v. Garner
b.	Lawrence v. Texas	d.	Terry v. Ohio

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1                    REF:   pp. 150-151

OBJ:   To explore the police role and its many interpretations

 

2. The police make approximately ____________________ million arrests a year.

a.	3.3	c.	12.2
b.	10.16	d.	13.12

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 134

OBJ:   To explore the police role and its many interpretations

 

3. The legality and morality of the “fleeing felon” rule have been challenged because of the U.S. legal concept of:

a.	presumption of innocence	c.	cruel and unusual punishment
b.	fundamental fairness	d.	application of equality

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 150

OBJ:   To explore the police role and its many interpretations

 

4. Which of the following is incorrect?

a.	The police make more arrests for minor violations than serious crime.
b.	The police make more arrests for drug offenses than they do for driving while intoxicated (DWI/DUI)
c.	The police make more arrests for aggravated or felony assault than they do for misdemeanor assault.
d.	Violations of liquor laws, drunkenness, disorderly conduct, vagrancy, and loitering are responsible for approximately 1.72 million arrests a year.

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 134

OBJ:   To explore the police role and its many interpretations

 

5. Of the following, the police make more arrests for ____________________ crimes than for the other types.

a.	violent	c.	financial
b.	property	d.	quality-of-life

 

 

ANS:  B                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 134

OBJ:   To explore the police role and its many interpretations

 

6. Most police contacts involve:

a.	motor vehicle or traffic-related issues
b.	family violence
c.	arrests of offenders
d.	testifying in court

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 135

OBJ:   To explore the police role and its many interpretations

 

7. The police role is:

a.	very ambiguous
b.	very clearly defined
c.	mainly related to violent crime
d.	mainly related to arresting offenders

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 135

OBJ:   To explore the police role and its many interpretations

 

8. Robert Lilly’s research concluded that the majority of police calls are in reference to:

a.	burglaries	c.	information
b.	thefts	d.	social services

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 135

OBJ:   To explore the police role and its many interpretations

 

9. Egon Bittner has stated that police work has, from its earliest origins, been a:

a.	religious vocation	c.	feared occupation
b.	respected profession	d.	tainted occupation

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 135

OBJ:   To explore the police role and its many interpretations

 

10. Sheehan and Cordner state that the two primary goals and objectives of police departments are:

a.	maintaining order, and protecting life and property
b.	preventing crime and arresting offenders
c.	preventing crime and maintaining order
d.	protecting life and property, and preventing crime

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 136

OBJ:   To explore the police role and its many interpretations

 

11. The police attempt to prevent crime by trying to create a sense of:

a.	safety and security	c.	omniscience
b.	community involvement	d.	omnipresence

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 137

OBJ:   To explore the police role and its many interpretations

 

12. Which of the following is not one of Broderick’s police operational styles?

a.	enforcers	c.	realists
b.	dreamers	d.	optimists

 

 

ANS:  B                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 138

OBJ:   To explore various operational styles of the police

 

13. Officer Smith believes her role is to maintain order on her beat by arresting criminals. According to Broderick, she would be considered a(n):

a.	realist	c.	enforcer
b.	optimist	d.	idealist

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 138

OBJ:   To explore various operational styles of the police

 

14. Officer Brown believes his role is keeping the peace and preserving the social order, yet he is very careful not to violate the constitutional rights of individuals. According to Broderick, he would be considered a(n):

a.	realist	c.	enforcer
b.	optimist	d.	idealist

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 138

OBJ:   To explore various operational styles of the police

 

15. Officer Green believes that it is impossible to achieve the goals and objectives of the police department and concentrates his efforts on the concept of police loyalty and the mutual support of his fellow officers. According to Broderick, he would be considered a(n):

a.	realist	c.	enforcer
b.	optimist	d.	idealist

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 138

OBJ:   To explore various operational styles of the police

 

16. Officer White concentrates her efforts on helping people in trouble, rather than on keeping society safe. According to Broderick, she would be considered a(n):

a.	realist	c.	enforcer
b.	optimist	d.	idealist

 

 

ANS:  B                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 138

OBJ:   To explore various operational styles of the police

 

17. Which of the following is not one of James Q. Wilson’s operating styles?

a.	watchman	c.	service
b.	legalistic	d.	aggressive

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1                    REF:   pp. 138-139

OBJ:   To explore various operational styles of the police

 

18. The Magic City Police Department maintains order through informal police intervention, including persuasion and threats, or hassling or roughing up disruptive people instead of formal arrests. According to James Q. Wilson, it would be considered to be a ____________________ department.

a.	watchman	c.	moralistic
b.	legalistic	d.	service

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1                    REF:   pp. 138-139

OBJ:   To explore various operational styles of the police

 

19. The Humortown Police Department issues many summonses and makes many misdemeanor arrests. According to James Q. Wilson, it would be considered to be a ____________________ department.

a.	watchman	c.	moralistic
b.	legalistic	d.	service

 

 

ANS:  B                    PTS:   1                    REF:   pp. 138-139

OBJ:   To explore various operational styles of the police

 

20. The Smalltown Police Department uses social service agencies to provide counseling for minor offenders. According to James Q. Wilson, it would be considered to be a ____________________ department.

a.	watchman	c.	moralistic
b.	legalistic	d.	service

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1                    REF:   pp. 138-139

OBJ:   To explore various operational styles of the police

 

21. Police officers have ____________________ discretion.

a.	little	c.	limited
b.	tremendous	d.	no

 

 

ANS:  B                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 140

OBJ:   To introduce and explore the concept of police discretion, seeking to understand how and why discretion is exercised and the methods that have been used to control it

 

22. The first decision maker in the criminal justice system and often the most important is:

a.	the judge	c.	the police officer
b.	the defense attorney	d.	the prosecutor

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 140

OBJ:   To introduce and explore the concept of police discretion, seeking to understand how and why discretion is exercised and the methods that have been used to control it

 

23. Which of the following is not one of the reasons police exercise discretion?

a.	If the police enforced all the laws, all the time, they would be in the station house or court much of their time.
b.	Complete enforcement would alienate the public from the police.
c.	Most violations of law are minor and do not require full enforcement.
d.	The police want to show they have a caring attitude toward the community.

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 141

OBJ:   To introduce and explore the concept of police discretion, seeking to understand how and why discretion is exercised and the methods that have been used to control it

 

24. Which of the following is not one of the major factors Herbert Jacob says causes the police to exercise discretion?

a.	department policies
b.	characteristics of the crime
c.	relationship between criminal and victim or between police and criminal or victim
d.	geographic area of the crime

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 142

OBJ:   To introduce and explore the concept of police discretion, seeking to understand how and why discretion is exercised and the methods that have been used to control it

 

25. Which of the following is not one of the factors that may influence police discretion as indicated by research findings?

a.	time of day	c.	subject’s attitude
b.	the offense	d.	subject’s race

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1                    REF:   pp. 142-143

OBJ:   To introduce and explore the concept of police discretion, seeking to understand how and why discretion is exercised and the methods that have been used to control it

 

26. The ____________________ standard allows police officers to use deadly force against people who are using deadly force against an officer or another person, as well as in certain violent felony situations.

a.	castle exception	c.	defense of life
b.	defense of property	d.	defense of community

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1                    REF:   pp. 151-152

OBJ:   To explore the concept of discretion and police force, including police shootings and deadly force

 

27. Which of the following is part of the federal government’s imminent danger standard for use of deadly force?

a.	firing warning shots
b.	shooting at moving vehicles
c.	prisoner attempting escape who was being held in a high-security prison
d.	nonfatally shooting a suspect in the leg

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 152

OBJ:   To explore the concept of discretion and police force, including police shootings and deadly force

 

28. Choke holds, carotid holds, and neck restraints became a source of controversy after:

a.	several lawsuits	c.	further study
b.	some deaths	d.	changes in law enforcement policies

 

 

ANS:  B                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 153

OBJ:   To introduce and explore the concept of police discretion, seeking to understand how and why discretion is exercised and the methods that have been used to control it

 

29. In the 1970s, the American Law Institute proposed a(n) ____________________, which included new policies on the use of deadly force.

a.	administrative rule	c.	legislative bill
b.	National Bill of Police Rights	d.	Model Penal Code

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 151

OBJ:   To introduce and explore the concept of police discretion, seeking to understand how and why discretion is exercised and the methods that have been used to control it

 

30. Most police patrol time is spent:

a.	as uncommitted time	c.	responding to calls for service
b.	as committed time	d.	responding to dispatch

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1                    REF:   pp. 140-141

OBJ:   To explore various operational styles of the police

 

31. Studies of police discretion have shown that the most significant factor in the decision to arrest is the:

a.	location of the offense
b.	officer–offender relationship
c.	seriousness of the offense committed
d.	offender’s past criminal history

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 143

OBJ:   To introduce and explore the concept of police discretion, seeking to understand how and why discretion is exercised and the methods that have been used to control it

 

32. Statistics clearly indicate that police officers:

a.	overuse force	c.	overuse threats
b.	do not overuse force	d.	display their weapons too often

 

 

ANS:  B                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 147

OBJ:   To explore the concept of discretion and police force, including police shootings and deadly force

 

33. Based on 2010 statistics, approximately ____________________ people were killed justifiably by police in a three-year period.

a.	25	c.	1,322
b.	390	d.	10,227

 

 

ANS:  B                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 148

OBJ:   To explore the concept of discretion and police force, including police shootings and deadly force

 

34. In the landmark case Tennessee v. Garner, the U.S. Supreme Court declared the ____________________ rule unconstitutional.

a.	fleeing felon	c.	detention
b.	consent search	d.	stop and frisk

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1                    REF:   pp. 150-151

OBJ:   To explore the concept of discretion and police force, including police shootings and deadly force

 

35. One way of controlling discretion, particularly improper application of discretion, is the establishment of:

a.	strong policies	c.	citizen review boards
b.	employee early warning systems	d.	active reporting systems

 

 

ANS:  B                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 146

OBJ:   To introduce and explore the concept of police discretion, seeking to understand how and why discretion is exercised and the methods that have been used to control it

 

COMPLETION

 

1. Carl B. Klockars, in Idea of Police, broadly defines the basic function of the police as dealing with all those problems that may require the use of __________

 

ANS:  coercive force

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 135

OBJ:   To introduce and explore the concept of police discretion, seeking to understand how and why discretion is exercised and the methods that have been used to control it

 

2. The police try to create a sense that they are always there. This is called __________

 

ANS:  omnipresence

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 137            OBJ:   To explore various operational styles of the police

 

3. The availability of a choice of options or actions one can take in a situation is called __________

 

ANS:  discretion

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 140

OBJ:   To introduce and explore the concept of police discretion, seeking to understand how and why discretion is exercised and the methods that have been used to control it

 

4. Arresting offenders and assisting prosecutors in bringing charges against defendants is one of the primary methods used by police to maintain order and protect __________and __________

 

ANS:

life, property

property, life

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 137

OBJ:   To explore the police role and its many interpretations

 

5. In 1985, the U.S. Supreme Court dealt with police use of deadly force, declaring the __________unconstitutional.

 

ANS:  fleeing felon rule

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   pp. 150-151

OBJ:   To explore the concept of discretion and police force, including police shootings and deadly force

 

6. The federal government has redefined its deadly force policy used by federal agents and has adopted the __________ standard.

 

ANS:  imminent danger

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 152

OBJ:   To explore the concept of discretion and police force, including police shootings and deadly force

 

7. Ninety-six percent of local police departments have turned to the use of __________ in an attempt to reduce the use of deadly force.

 

ANS:  chemical sprays/less-than-lethal weapons

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 153

OBJ:   To explore the concept of discretion and police force, including police shootings and deadly force

 

8. The U.S. system of criminal justice is interested in the __________, in addition to the letter of the law.

 

ANS:  spirit of the law

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 140

OBJ:   To introduce and explore the concept of police discretion, seeking to understand how and why discretion is exercised and the methods that have been used to control it

 

9. During the 1970s, many police departments developed an alternative to the fleeing felon doctrine; it was called the __________

 

ANS:  defense of life standard

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   pp. 151-152

OBJ:   To explore the concept of discretion and police force, including police shootings and deadly force

 

10. Most police departments now train their officers in the use of force using the __________

 

ANS:  use-of-force continuum

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 152

OBJ:   To explore the concept of discretion and police force, including police shootings and deadly force

 

TRUE/FALSE

 

1. Movies and television shows about the police emphasize the police crime-fighting role.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 133

OBJ:   To explore various operational styles of the police

 

2. The police themselves emphasize their role as crime fighters and play down their job as peacekeepers and social service providers.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 133

OBJ:   To explore various operational styles of the police

 

3. Elaine Cumming and her colleagues reported that the ordinary work routines of police officers include mostly law enforcement activities and very few other activities.

 

ANS:  F                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 135

OBJ:   To explore various operational styles of the police

 

4. The police role is extremely well defined and contains little ambiguity.

 

ANS:  F                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 135

OBJ:   To explore various operational styles of the police

 

5. The “defense of life” standard allowed police officers to use deadly force against people who were using deadly force against an officer or another person.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 152

OBJ:   To explore the concept of discretion and police force, including police shootings and deadly force

 

6. The primary goal or objective of the police should be to arrest all offenders.

 

ANS:  F                    PTS:   1                    REF:   pp. 136-137

OBJ:   To introduce you to the goals and objectives of policing

 

7. Police generally have much less discretion than other officials in the criminal justice system.

 

ANS:  F                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 140

OBJ:   To introduce and explore the concept of police discretion, seeking to understand how and why discretion is exercised and the methods that have been used to control it

 

8. The police officer is generally the first decision maker in the U.S. criminal justice system and is often the most important.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 140

OBJ:   To explore the police role and its many interpretations

 

9. Police are free or have the ability to ignore crimes or to exercise discretion regarding them, even when the crime is serious.

 

ANS:  F                    PTS:   1                    REF:   pp. 142-143

OBJ:   To explore various operational styles of the police

 

10. An officer’s discretion varies depending on the type of situation he or she encounters.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 142

OBJ:   To introduce and explore the concept of police discretion, seeking to understand how and why discretion is exercised and the methods that have been used to control it

 

11. The entire criminal justice system is based on the concept of discretion.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 140

OBJ:   To introduce and explore the concept of police discretion, seeking to understand how and why discretion is exercised and the methods that have been used to control it

 

12. Most of what happens in the U.S. criminal justice system happens without the use of discretion by the police.

 

ANS:  F                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 140

OBJ:   To introduce and explore the concept of police discretion, seeking to understand how and why discretion is exercised and the methods that have been used to control it

 

13. The growing popularity of less-than-lethal weapons (LTLW) by police officers in the United States virtually ensures their increased use in the law enforcement community.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 153

OBJ:   To explore the concept of discretion and police force, including police shootings and deadly force

 

14. Two studies indicate that people who engage in violent crime or who engage the police in violent confrontations are much more likely to be the victims of police shootings.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 149

OBJ:   To explore the concept of discretion and police force, including police shootings and deadly force

 

ESSAY

 

1. What do you think the police role really is?

 

ANS:

Answer varies.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   pp. 133-136

OBJ:   To explore the police role and its many interpretations

 

2. List the primary and secondary goals of policing and give an example of how the police work toward each goal.

 

ANS:

Answer varies.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   pp. 136-137

OBJ:   To introduce you to the goals and objectives of policing

 

3. List and explain each of Broderick’s styles. Which style of officer would you want in your community? Why?

 

ANS:

Answer varies.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   p. 138            OBJ:   To explore various operational styles of the police

 

4. Define discretion. Discuss some of the major ways police exercise discretion.

 

ANS:

Answer varies.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   pp. 140-145

OBJ:   To introduce and explore the concept of police discretion, seeking to understand how and why discretion is exercised and the methods that have been used to control it

 

5. What is the basic difference between the crime-fighting role and the order-maintenance role of the police?

 

ANS:

Answer varies.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   pp. 133-135

OBJ:   To introduce you to the goals and objectives of policing

 

6. Compare and contrast each of James Q. Wilson’s police department operational styles.

 

ANS:

Answer varies.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   pp. 138-139    OBJ:   To explore various operational styles of the police

 

7. What are some of the major factors that influence police discretion?

 

ANS:

Answer varies.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   pp. 142-145

OBJ:   To introduce and explore the concept of police discretion, seeking to understand how and why discretion is exercised and the methods that have been used to control it

 

8. Discuss the extent and use of less-than-lethal weapons by police.

 

ANS:

Answer varies.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   pp. 153-154

OBJ:   To explore the concept of discretion and police force, including police shootings and deadly force

 

9. Discuss the impact of Tennessee v. Garner.

 

ANS:

Answer varies.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   pp. 150-152

OBJ:   To explore the concept of discretion and police force, including police shootings and deadly force

 

10. Explain how, according to research, the police actually spend their time at work.

 

ANS:

Answer varies.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   pp. 140-141

OBJ:   To explore the police role and its many interpretations