Canadian Politics Critical Approaches 8th Edition by Christopher Cochrane - Test Bank

Canadian Politics Critical Approaches 8th Edition by Christopher Cochrane – Test Bank

 

Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers

 

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

CHAPTER 5: FRENCH CANADA AND THE QUEBEC QUESTION

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. Which of the following was NOT a major crisis in French–English relations?

a.	the Riel Rebellions
b.	Ontario Regulation 17
c.	Conscription in World War I
d.	the King–Byng Affair

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Historical Overview of French–English Relations

BLM:  Remember

 

2. Which statement best describes Quebec nationalism before 1960?

a.	French nationalism was largely subconscious.
b.	French nationalism was inward looking and defensive.
c.	French nationalism was loosely connected with the Roman Catholic Church.
d.	French nationalism had strong ties to France.

 

 

ANS:  B                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Historical Overview of French–English Relations

BLM:  Remember

 

3. What did the federal Official Languages Act do?

a.	It allowed the public to deal with government offices in Ottawa in either English or French.
b.	It allowed the public to deal with federal government offices anywhere in Canada in English or French.
c.	It required all new federal employees to be bilingual.
d.	It required all federal employees to receive language training in either French or English.

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1                    REF:   The Quiet Revolution: Quebec in the 1960s

BLM:  Remember

 

4. Whose government established the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism?

a.	Pearson
b.	Trudeau
c.	Duplessis
d.	King

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1                    REF:   The Quiet Revolution: Quebec in the 1960s

BLM:  Remember

 

5. What was Pierre Trudeau’s intention in passing the Official Languages Act?

a.	to create an environment where Quebec’s demands could be heard
b.	to undercut Quebec’s demands for special status or independence
c.	to strengthen the position of French in Quebec
d.	to undermine English demands in French-speaking regions of the country

 

 

ANS:  B                    PTS:   1                    REF:   The Quiet Revolution: Quebec in the 1960s

BLM:  Remember

 

6. Known as the Charter of the French Language, what law made French the predominant language in the province of Quebec?

a.	Bill 7
b.	Bill 8
c.	Bill 101
d.	the Official Languages Act

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Quebec and French Canada Since 1970

BLM:  Remember

 

7. What is la francophonie?

a.	an organization of French-speaking states
b.	a Canadian pressure group representing all francophones
c.	an association representing the interests of francophones outside Quebec
d.	the satellite carrying French-language communications

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Quebec and French Canada Since 1970

BLM:  Remember

 

8. Which statement does NOT describe the Quebec new middle class?

a.	It suddenly appeared in the early 1960s.
b.	It promoted the growth of the public sector.
c.	It promoted the autonomy of the province.
d.	It had close ties to the Roman Catholic Church.

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Quebec and French Canada Since 1970

BLM:  Remember

 

9. Which of the following was NOT a provision of the Meech Lake Accord?

a.	recognition of Quebec as distinct society
b.	provincial nominations of senators
c.	Aboriginal self-government initiatives
d.	constitutionalization of Quebec’s rights in immigration

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Quebec and French Canada Since 1970

BLM:  Remember

 

10. According to the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, which province is officially bilingual?

a.	Ontario
b.	Newfoundland and Labrador
c.	New Brunswick
d.	Manitoba

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Quebec and French Canada Since 1970

BLM:  Remember

 

TRUE/FALSE

 

1. Quebec has had two referendums on sovereignty issues.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Quebec and French Canada Since 1970

 

2. Only two of the four clauses in Bill 101 were eventually deemed unconstitutional.

 

ANS:  F

All four clauses of Bill 101 were deemed unconstitutional.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Quebec and French Canada Since 1970

 

3. New Brunswick constitutionalized Bill 88 to further protect the right of English and French communities in the province.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Quebec and French Canada Since 1970

 

4. In terms of mother tongue, francophones constitute about 35 percent of the Canadian population.

 

ANS:  F

In terms of mother tongue, francophones constitute about 22 percent of the Canadian population.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   The French–English Demographic Profile Today

 

5. The limit on Bill 178 was five years.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1                    REF:   1980s

 

6. The Supreme Court of Canada imposed official bilingualism in British Columbia.

 

ANS:  F

The Supreme Court of Canada imposed official bilingualism in Manitoba.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Quebec and French Canada Since 1970

 

7. When the votes were counted, 56.7 percent of Quebeckers voted for the Charlottetown Accord.

 

ANS:  F

56.7 percent of Quebeckers voted against the accord.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Quebec and French Canada Since 1970

 

8. Pierre Trudeau opposed the “special status” or “distinct society” approach for Quebec.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Quebec and French Canada Since 1970

 

9. The failure of the Meech Lake Accord sparked the creation of the Bloc Québécois.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Quebec and French Canada Since 1970

 

10. The sponsorship scandal of the federal Liberal party led to an increase in support for sovereignty within Quebec.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Quebec and French Canada Since 1970

 

ESSAY

 

1. What are some of the characteristics that make Quebec distinct?

 

ANS:

Quebec feels it is distinct from the rest of Canada for several reasons. First, some 86 percent of Canadian francophones are located in Quebec, 81 percent of Quebeckers are French-speaking, and over 90 percent of Canadians who use French at home live in that province. Second, Quebec’s political institutions are distinctive in many ways: the civil law system; the downplaying of symbols of the Crown; and the plethora of state enterprises, many of them protecting or regulating cultural activities. Third, Quebec has pursued many policy differences from other provinces: laws that are more labour friendly; multifunctional public clinics that combine health and social services; a more important role for the provincial government in immigration; and a distinctive form of collaboration among the state, capital, and labour. Fourth, Quebec is distinct in the separateness of its sources of news and entertainment and in many of the institutions of its civil society, such as interest groups and political parties. Quebeckers see Quebec as the heartland of French Canada, a province that needs special constitutional recognition and has the responsibility to protect itself in the North American English linguistic environment.

 

PTS:   1

 

2. Compare and contrast the values, attitudes, and demands of the Québécois before and after the Quiet Revolution.

 

ANS:

Before 1960, Quebec nationalism was largely inward looking and defensive, primarily concerned with ensuring that the federal government kept out of that province’s affairs. It was a nationalism of “survival,” and closely tied to the Roman Catholic Church. Both the Church and the provincial government were quite authoritarian, and neither was overly concerned that most of the economy was in anglophone control.

 

Quite a different kind of nationalism has characterized Quebec since its Quiet Revolution began about 1960. Since that time, Quebec nationalism has been characterized by a new collective self-confidence; it is urban, modern, secular, democratic, and bureaucratic. Rather than having an inward-looking obsession with survival, it became outward looking and aggressive, and focused on expansion and growth. Post-1960 Quebec nationalism sought to protect and promote the French language and culture, to increase the powers of the provincial government, and to reverse the dominance of Anglo and external economic power in the province.

 

PTS:   1

 

3. Explain the evolution of linguistic conflicts in Canada. How did these conflicts progress?

 

ANS:

Answers will vary.

 

PTS:   1

 

4. How can one apply the pluralist and state-based approaches to the discussion of French–English relations in Canada?

 

ANS:

Answers will vary.

 

PTS:   1

 

5. Outline French–English relations within two of the following provinces: New Brunswick, Ontario, and Manitoba.

 

ANS:

Answers may vary, but students should show an understanding of the existence of French-speaking groups outside Quebec.

 

New Brunswick has the largest French-speaking population in Canada, outside Quebec. To protect this significant minority, New Brunswick implemented its own Official Languages Act in 1969, which was constitutionalized at provincial request in 1982. New Brunswick also improved the Acadian educational system at all levels and provided provincial government services in both languages. The Richard Hatfield government embarked on a policy of cultural equality based on a “separate but equal” strategy rather than individual or institutional bilingualism, with parallel unilingual school boards and other public bodies (Bill 88).

 

Ontario, with the second-largest French speaking population in Canada, outside Quebec, has employed a somewhat similar strategy. Recognizing the importance of French voters, Ontario began to provide public French-language secondary schools in 1968, and later established the right of every Franco-Ontarian to go to a French-language school. Ontario then guaranteed French trials in the provincial courts and gradually extended French-language provincial services. Premier David Peterson passed Bill 8, which became effective in 1989, and provided for the translation of laws as well as for provincial government services in French in 22 designated regions of the province. Unfortunately, in response to the passage of Bill 178 in Quebec and Bill 8 in Ontario, some 70 municipalities symbolically declared themselves officially unilingual in 1989–90. This animosity seems to have subsided, however.

 

Manitoba moved very slowly on French-language initiatives, but was pushed by a series of Supreme Court of Canada decisions beginning in 1979. The 1890 Official Language Act was declared unconstitutional (a violation of the 1870 Manitoba Act), all laws had to be passed in both languages, trials had to be available in French, and most government documents had to be published in a bilingual format.

 

PTS:   1