Chapter 92: Antiviral Agents I: Drugs for Non-HIV Viral Infections

Chapter 92: Antiviral Agents I: Drugs for Non-HIV Viral Infections

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

1. A public health nurse is providing education on antiviral medications to a group of medical-surgical nurses. Which statement by one of the nurses about non-HIV antiviral drugs best demonstrates understanding?

a.	“The advances made with antiviral drugs in the past decade surpass those made with antibacterial antibiotics.”
b.	“These medications are active against a narrow spectrum of viruses.”
c.	“As a rule, antiviral drugs are safer than antibiotic agents.”
d.	“Clinically useful antivirals suppress the host cell’s biologic processes.”

 

 

ANS:   B

Non-HIV antiviral drugs are active against a narrow spectrum of viruses.

Advances in antibiotics have kept pace or surpassed those made with antivirals.

These drugs are not safer than antibiotics, nor do they suppress the host cell’s biologic processes.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    p. 1070

TOP:    Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

2. The nurse is providing education to a patient with recurrent herpes simplex genitalis. The nurse should make sure to advise the patient that

a.	the infection is contagious only when lesions are visible.
b.	antiviral agents are curative in most cases.
c.	the patient will need to take antiviral agents daily for life.
d.	the patient will need to use condoms even when no lesions are evident.

 

 

ANS:   D

Patients should be advised to avoid all sexual contact when lesions are present, and they should use a condom even when lesions are absent.

The nurse should not advise the patient that infection is contagious only when lesions are visible.

Antiviral agents are not curative in most cases.

There is no indication that the antiviral medication is necessary as a lifelong treatment.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    p. 1072

TOP:    Nursing Process: Planning

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

3. The nurse is caring for a patient receiving IV acyclovir. To prevent nephrotoxicity associated with intravenous acyclovir, the nurse would do which of the following?

a.	Provide a low-protein diet for 1 day before and 2 days after the acyclovir infusion.
b.	Infuse IV fluids during and for 2 hours after the acyclovir infusion.
c.	Increase the patient’s intake of vitamin C rich foods.
d.	Monitor urinary output every 30 minutes.

 

 

ANS:   B

The nurse should include the infusion of IV fluids during and for 2 hours after the acyclovir infusion to prevent nephrotoxicity by perfusing the kidneys.

A low-protein diet is not indicted after an acyclovir infusion.

Increasing vitamin C would not help prevent nephrotoxicity.

Monitoring urine output is important but would not help prevent nephrotoxicity.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    p. 1072

TOP:    Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

4. A patient admitted for an acute outbreak of herpes-zoster virus is receiving valacyclovir (Valtrex). The nurse provides patient education about valacyclovir (Valtrex). What comment by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

a.	“Valtrex will help reduce the duration of my pain.”
b.	“Valtrex will help reduce the duration of postherpetic neuralgia.”
c.	“Valtrex will prevent recurrent infection.”
d.	“Valtrex may be taken without food.”

 

 

ANS:   C

Valacyclovir will not prevent recurrent infection; this statement indicates that further teaching is necessary.

Valacyclovir does help reduce the duration of pain and postherpetic neuralgia; no further teaching is necessary.

Valacyclovir may be taken with or without food; no further teaching is necessary.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    p. 1072

TOP:    Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC:   NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies