Diversity And Society Race Ethnicity And Gender 5th Edition by Joseph F. Healey -Test Bank

Diversity And Society Race Ethnicity And Gender 5th Edition by Joseph F. Healey -Test Bank

 

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Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Chapter 5: African Americans: From Segregation to Modern Institutional Discrimination and Modern Racism

 

 

Multiple Choice

 

1. Which of the following statements about African Americans today is false?
2. African Americans are highly urbanized.
3. African Americans are represented in virtually every occupational grouping.
4. African Americans are dispersed throughout the United States.
5. African Americans are visible at the highest levels of U.S. society, including the Supreme Court.

*e. None of the above

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Primary Structural Assimilation; p. 186
Question Type: MC

 

2. Which of the following presidents signed an executive order banning discrimination in defense-related industries?

*a. Franklin D. Roosevelt

1. John F. Kennedy
2. Jimmy Carter
3. Harry Truman
4. Lyndon B. Johnson

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Wartime Developments; p. 188
Question Type: MC

 

3. The civil rights movement’s principles of nonviolence were adopted from the tenets of Christianity and from the teachings of ________.
4. President Kennedy

*b. Mohandas Gandhi

1. Karl Marx
2. Malcolm X
3. Thurgood Marshall

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Nonviolent Direct Action Protest; p. 190

Question Type: MC

4. The most well-known spokesperson for the Nation of Islam was ________.
5. Thurgood Marshall

*b. Malcolm X

1. Marcus Garvey
2. Fannie Lou Hamer
3. Huey Newton

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Nation of Islam; p. 195

Question Type: MC

5. Both the civil rights and Black Power movements tended to be dominated by­­­­­­­­­­­ ________.

*a. men

1. African American women
2. white women
3. both genders
4. African American women and white women

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Gender and Black Protest; p. 196

Question Type: MC

 

6. The Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka decision overturned the principle of ________, established in Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896.
7. “no taxation without representation”

*b. “separate but equal”

1. “justice within inequality”
2. “equal access to all public facilities”
3. “white teachers in black school houses”

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka; p. 189

Question Type: MC

 

7. The beginning of the civil rights movement is often traced back to ________.

*a. Montgomery, Alabama

1. Selma, Alabama
2. Birmingham, Alabama
3. Biloxi, Mississippi
4. New Orleans, Louisiana

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Nonviolent Direct Action Protest; p. 189

Question Type: MC

 

8. Rosa Parks, a seamstress and NAACP member, is famous for . . .

*a. Refusing to give up her seat on a bus to a white man

1. Refusing to leave an all-white coffeehouse
2. Being the first black student to integrate an all-white school
3. Founding the NAACP
4. Founding the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Nonviolent Direct Action Protest; p. 189

Question Type: MC

 

9. The goals of the civil rights movement are akin to the concept of ________.
10. separatism
11. pluralism
12. nationalism

*d. assimilation

1. segregation

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Civil Rights Movement; p. 192

Question Type: MC

 

10. The race riots of the mid-1960s began in a black neighborhood in ________.

*a. Watts, Los Angeles

1. Detroit
2. Newark
3. St. Louis
4. Washington, D.C.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Urban Unrest; p. 193

Question Type: MC

 

11. Which of the following leaders is most closely associated with the Black Power movement?
12. Martin Luther King
13. A. Philip Randolph
14. Thurgood Marshall

*d. Malcolm X

1. Fannie Lou Hamer

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location The Black Power Movement; p. 195

Question Type: MC

 

12. The Black Power movement was an important move toward ________.
13. acculturation

*b. pluralism

1. assimilation
2. integration
3. segregation

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location The Black Power Movement; p. 195

Question Type: MC

 

13. Fannie Lou Hamer of Mississippi founded the ________.
14. Black Muslims
15. Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee

*c. Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party

1. White Citizen’s Council
2. Black Panther Party

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Gender and Black Protest; p. 197

Question Type: MC

 

14. Unlike in the urban uprisings of the 1960s, those following the acquittals of police officers in the Rodney King case . . .

*a. Organized attacks directly on whites and on other minority groups

1. Organized attacks only on police officers
2. Organized mostly peaceful, nonviolent demonstrations
3. Focused on directly attacking the white community
4. Ensured that there were no casualties

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Criminal Justice System and African Americans; p. 200

Question Type: MC

 

15. According to one national survey, ________ percent of young black men felt that they had been

“treated unfairly” in dealings with the police.

1. 10
2. 60
3. 25

*d. 17

1. 50

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Racial Profiling; p. 204

Question Type: MC

 

16. African Americans and other minority groups of color have been adversely affected by the national loss of jobs in the ________.

*a. manufacturing sector

1. agricultural sector
2. service sector
3. primary sector
4. urban sector

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Urban Poverty; p. 207

Question Type: MC

17. The concept of an urban underclass tends to treat the problems of African Americans as . . .
18. Problems that can be solved by a reduction of prejudice in the white community
19. Problems of motivation that would be solved if black people worked harder

*c. Problems that grow out of an economy that is shared by other poor urbanites

1. Problems of socialization and values that would be solved if more African Americans had middle-class values
2. Problems connected to a lack of educational opportunity

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Urban Poverty; p. 208

Question Type: MC

 

18. Opposed to the culture of poverty theory, the analysis presented in the text sees the high percentage of female-headed households in the African American community as ________.
19. a cause of poverty
20. a cause of antiblack prejudice

*c. a result of poverty and unemployment

1. a legacy of slavery
2. an Illustration of a black family

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Culture of Poverty Theory; p. 212

Question Type: MC

 

19. In regard to level of education, the gap between African Americans and European Americans has ________.
20. decreased only for men
21. decreased only for women

*c. decreased for both men and women but has not disappeared

1. disappeared
2. actually increased

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: School Integration; p. 224

Question Type: MC

 

20. The unemployment rate for African Americans is about ________ as that for European Americans.

*a. twice as high

1. 10 times as high
2. half as high
3. the same
4. 3 times as high

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Differential Impact of Hard Times; p. 209

Question Type: MC

 

21. In recent decades, the number of interracial marriages has ________.
22. decreased slightly
23. stayed the same

*c. increased

1. decreased drastically
2. increased drastically

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Primary Structural Assimilation; p. 230

Question Type: MC

 

22. Which of the following does NOT exemplify racial profiling? The police . . .
23. Stopping a black man for “driving while black”

*b. “Getting tough” on drug crime

1. Detaining a person they believe does not belong in a specific part of town because of his or her ethnicity or race
2. Detaining a driver because they believe it to be unlikely that he or she would drive a particular make of car (e.g., BMW, Mercedes) due to his or her ethnicity or race
3. Implementing stop-and-frisk programs that target poor, minority neighborhoods

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Racial Profiling; pp. 203–204

Question Type: MC

 

23. Up to a third of all black men are under the supervision of the legal system in jail, in prison, on probation, or on parole. According to the text, what accounts for this incredibly high level of supervision?
24. Black men’s use of guns during crime sprees

*b. National “get tough” policies on drug use

1. Black men’s lack of father figures during adolescence
2. Racial profiling that targets blacks in inner cities
3. Poverty and depravation

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The War on Drugs; p. 202

Question Type: MC

 

24. According to the text, what is the most probable effect of past-in-present discrimination on the economic marginality of the black middle class?
25. An increase in the amount of blacks working in the secondary labor market
26. An increase in the black middle class’s motivation to succeed
27. An increase in benefits from affirmative action beyond that of whites
28. A decrease in the likelihood that they will own their own homes and businesses

*e. The black middle class will be more economically marginal

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Black Middle Class; p. 206

Question Type: MC

 

25. According to adherents of the Black Power movement, which of the following methods is best for empowering black Americans?
26. Believing that black is beautiful and that blacks can be successful
27. Peaceful and patient assimilation, similar to Booker T. Washington’s ideals
28. Mobilization and marches on Washington similar to how A. Philip Randolph organized the sleeping-car porters

*d. Self-liberation, without regard for what white Americans want

1. Separatism, including a possible return to Africa, as promoted by W. E. B. Du Bois

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Nation of Islam and Other Black Power Groups; p. 195

Question Type: MC

 

26. The Nation of Islam is most closely aligned with which position regarding African Americans?
27. A “black is beautiful” media campaign
28. Peaceful and patient assimilation
29. Mobilization and marches on Washington similar to how A. Philip Randolph organized the sleeping-car porters
30. Separatism, with African Americans living in unique all-black communities throughout America

*e. Autonomy and independence with no integration into “the system”

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Nation of Islam; p. 195

Question Type: MC

 

27. Which of the following is incorrect regarding black nationalism?

*a. It was simply a reaction to the failed dreams of African Americans.

1. It was a way of defining what it means to be African American.
2. It was a new rallying cry for solidarity and unified action amongst African Americans.
3. It was an ideology that provided an analysis for the problems of American race relations in the 1960s.
4. It was developed by Malcolm X, among others.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Black Power Movement; p. 196

Question Type: MC

 

28. While African Americans are 16% of all young people, they are ________ of all juvenile arrests.

*a. 28%

1. 34%
2. 47%
3. 53%
4. 66%

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: A Biased Criminal Justice System?; p. 202

Question Type: MC

 

29. In a recent study on modern racism, the most commonly endorsed explanation for the continuing black–white inequality was that . . .
30. Black Americans lacked the ability to learn

*b. Black Americans lacked the motivation to pull themselves out of poverty

1. Black Americans aren’t provided with the education it takes to rise out of poverty
2. Discrimination against black Americans is too strong
3. Blacks take too much advantage of affirmative action

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Traditional Prejudice and Modern Racism; p. 218

Question Type: MC

 

30. In a recent study on modern racism, respondents who attributed continuing racial inequality to either the lack of ability or the lack of motivation of African Americans also . . .

*a. Opposed government intervention

1. Approved of government intervention
2. Were more likely to vote for black politicians
3. Were less likely to vote for black politicians
4. Were sympathetic to the history of discrimination against blacks

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Traditional Prejudice and Modern Racism; p. 218

Question Type: MC

 

31. Rockquemore and Brunsma (2008) identified four main categories that their respondents used to understand their biracialism. Which of the following is not one of these four categories?
32. Border identity
33. Singular identity

*c. Outsider identity

1. Transcendent identity
2. Protean identity

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Mixed Race and New Racial Identities; p. 214

Question Type: MC

 

32. Sociologist Rogelio Saenz (2005) analyzed the situation of blacks in the 15 largest metropolitan areas in the nation and found that . . .
33. In comparison to whites, African Americans are much more likely to be living in highly impoverished neighborhoods
34. African Americans are much more likely to be socially and geographically isolated
35. African Americans are much more likely to be cut off from economic and social service opportunities
36. None of the above

*e. All of the above

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Urban Poverty; p. 207

Question Type: MC

 

33. In 2004, ________ became the first African American female to serve as Secretary of State in America.

*a. Condoleezza Rice

1. Maya Angelou
2. Toni Morrison
3. Harriet Tubman
4. Madeleine Albright

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Political Power; p. 225

Question Type: MC

 

34. By 2012, which group was 1.5 times more likely than black women to have a college degree?

*a. White men

1. White women
2. Black men
3. Latino men
4. Latina women

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Political Power; p. 224

Question Type: MC

 

35. According to the text, in the 2012 presidential election, the black turnout was ______ percent.
36. 64.1

*b. 66.2

1. 16
2. 10
3. 13

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Political Power; p. 226

Question Type: MC

 

36. An example of ________ is when African Americans are incorporated into a society and have equal access to institutions such as government and schools.

*a. secondary structural assimilation

1. pluralism
2. cultural relativism
3. structural assimilation
4. assimilation

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Secondary Structural Assimilation; p. 220

Question Type: MC

 

37. Recent state laws that require voters to show a government-issued photo ID are seen as a way to ________.

*a. restrict voting rights

1. decrease illegal immigration
2. expand voting rights
3. ameliorate past voting discrimination
4. enfranchise more voters

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Political Power; p. 226

Question Type: MC

38. ________ of African American households currently have incomes greater than $150,000.
39. 0%

*b. 3%

1. 10%
2. 33%
3. 47%

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Primary Structural Assimilation; p. 228

Question Type: MC

39. According to the text, in the study by Rockquemore and Brunsma (2008), the respondents in the

study who categorized themselves as having a transcendent identity insist that they should be seen as . . .

1. Individuals who can change as they move from group to group
2. Biracial but are classified by others as black

*c. Unique individuals and not placed in any racial category

1. exclusively black or exclusively white and not biracial
2. Cablanasian

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Mixed Race and New Racial Identities; p. 214

Question Type: MC

40. In which era might the situation of the African American community be characterized as structural pluralism combined with inequality?
41. The antebellum South
42. The pre-WWII North
43. The modern civil rights movement
44. The Black Power movement

*e. The early 21st century

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Is the Glass Half Empty or Half Full?; p. 234

Question Type: MC

 

41. Americans between the ages of ________ are most likely to approve of interracial marriage.

*a. 18 and 29

1. 30 and 44
2. 45 and 64
3. 65 and 84
4. 85 and older

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Primary Structural Assimilation; p. 230

Question Type: MC

 

 

True/False

 

42. Today, about half of all African Americans reside in the North.
43. True

*b. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Residential Patterns; p. 220

Question Type: TF

 

43. Female-headed African American families tend to be poor because they are weak.
44. True

*b. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Culture of Poverty; p. 212

Question Type: TF

 

44. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka was important as a Supreme Court decision in 1954 because it allowed a few African American children to go to school with white children.
45. True

*b. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Is the Glass Half Empty or Half Full?; p. 234

Question Type: TF

 

45. The central tactics of the civil rights movement under Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. emphasized nonviolent direct action.

*a. True

1. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Nonviolent Direct Action Protest; p. 190

Question Type: TF

 

46. The civil rights movement was successful in ending de facto segregation in the United States.
47. True

*b. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Civil Rights Movement; p. 190

Question Type: TF

 

47. Urban unrest that occurred in the 1960s was a result of the success of the civil rights movement in ending de jure discrimination.
48. True

*b. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Urban Unrest; p. 194

Question Type: TF

 

48. The Black Power movement supported Martin Luther King Jr.’s ideals of integration and assimilation.
49. True

*b. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Black Power Movement; p. 194

Question Type: TF

 

49. The Nation of Islam and other Black Power groups distinguished between racial separation and racial segregation, with the former supporting empowerment and the latter supporting domination.

*a. True

1. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Nation of Islam; p. 195

Question Type: TF

 

50. The pluralistic themes of Black Power were a reaction to the failure of assimilation and integration of the 1950s and 1960s.

*a. True

1. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Black Power Movement; p. 195

Question Type: TF

 

51. The Black Power movement and the Nation of Islam encouraged full participation of black women as leaders in their movements.
52. True

*b. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Black Power Movement; p. 196

Question Type: TF

 

52. The manufacturing sector of the workplace has stopped growing, and the jobs available to minority groups in the service sector often pay low wages and offer low benefits, no security, and no links to increased opportunity.

*a. True

1. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Urban Poverty; p. 207

Question Type: TF

 

53. The culture of poverty theory proves that the issue of urban poverty is due to female-headed families with “bad” or inappropriate work values.
54. True

*b. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Culture of Poverty; p. 212

Question Type: TF

 

54. The Moynihan Report, which supports the culture of poverty theory, could be considered by critics as an example of blaming the victim.

*a. True

1. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Culture of Poverty; p. 211

Question Type: TF

 

55. The black middle class has decreased since the Reconstruction era.
56. True

*b. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Black Middle Class; p. 204

Question Type: TF

 

56. Modern racism supports the idea that African Americans are inherently inferior based on biological differences.
57. True

*b. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Traditional Prejudice and Modern Racism; p. 217

Question Type: TF

 

57. Modern racism is a form of blaming the victim; it sees the problem of inequality as the responsibility of minority groups and not the larger society.

*a. True

1. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Traditional Prejudice and Modern Racism; p. 217

Question Type: TF

 

58. According to the text, the weight of the growing black vote was first felt in the 1930s.

*a. True

1. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The End of De Jure Segregation; p. 187

Question Type: TF

59. The Montgomery bus boycott was led by the Reverend Jesse Jackson, the new minister of a local Baptist church.
60. True

*b. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Nonviolent Direct Action Protest; p. 190

Question Type: TF

 

60. The Voting Rights Act of 1965 required that the same standards be used to register all citizens in federal, state, and local elections.

*a. True

1. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Landmark Legislation; p. 190

Question Type: TF

 

61. Until the mid-1960s, racial riots were nonexistent in the United States.
62. True

*b. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Urban Unrest; p. 194

Question Type: TF

 

62. The civil rights movement tended to be dominated by women.
63. True

*b. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Gender and Black Protest; p. 196

Question Type: TF

 

63. Throughout Central and South America, social class is considered more important than race as a criterion for judging and ranking other people.

*a. True

1. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Race in Another America; p. 198

Question Type: TF

 

64. The more desirable jobs in the service sector demand more educational prerequisites.

*a. True

1. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Urban Poverty; p. 207

Question Type: TF

 

65. The results of Royster’s study suggest that access to jobs is controlled by nepotism, cronyism, personal relationships, and networks of social relations that are decidedly not open to everyone.

*a. True

1. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Closed Networks and Racial Exclusion; pp. 208–209

Question Type: TF

 

66. Integration of schools through social class and race does not improve test scores but betters the educational experiences of students.
67. True

*b. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: School Integration; p. 223

Question Type: TF

 

67. According to the text, secondary structural assimilation refers to integration in more public areas, such as the job market, schools, and political institutions.

*a. True

1. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Secondary Structural Assimilation; p. 220

Question Type: TF

 

68. School integration was one of the most important goals of the civil rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s.

*a. True

1. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: School Integration; p. 222

Question Type: TF

 

69. All children of one African American parent and one white parent self-identify as African American.
70. True

*b. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Mixed Race and New Racial Identities p. 213

Question Type: TF

 

70. The experience of racism is so intense that African American women and men do not experience any intraracial gender tensions.
71. True

*b. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Gender and Black Protest; p. 197

Question Type: TF

 

71. All segments of the African American community have the same experiences, regardless of class and gender.
72. True

*b. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Gender and Black Protest; p. 197

Question Type: TF

 

72. The solution to African American urban poverty lies in fundamental changes to the urban industrial economy and sweeping alterations in the distribution of resources and opportunities.

*a. True

1. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Urban Poverty; p. 212

Question Type: TF

 

73. Residential integration has increased rapidly since the end of Jim Crow segregation.
74. True

*b. False

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Residential Patterns; p. 220

Question Type: TF

 

Essay

 

74. “Relations between dominant and minority groups change as the larger society changes.” Apply this idea to American black–white relations in the 20th century. How were African Americans in the South and North affected by industrialization and automation? Include a discussion on changing prejudices and discrimination, jobs, and residential patterns.
75. Varies

Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Varies

Question Type: ESS

 

75. The civil rights movement in the South during the 1950s and 1960s relied on nonviolent, direct action as a primary strategy. Describe how this strategy worked. Why did this strategy succeed in the South? Why did it NOT succeed outside of the South?
76. Varies

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Varies

Question Type: ESS

 

76. Summarize and critique the culture of poverty theory as it has been applied to African Americans. Does the culture of poverty theory provide an adequate explanation for black urban poverty? Why or why not?
77. Varies

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Varies

Question Type: ESS

 

77. Characterize the status of African Americans in terms of acculturation, secondary structural integration, and primary structural assimilation.
78. Varies

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Varies

Question Type: ESS

 

78. Describe and explain modern racism. How does this form of prejudice differ from other forms? What are the relationships between modern racism and support for government policies that address problems of racial and ethnic inequality?
79. Varies

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Varies

Question Type: ESS

 

79. How do people of multiracial descent define themselves today? How are they defined by others? What are the implications of these definitions?
80. Varies

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Mixed Race and New Racial Identities; p. 30

Question Type: ESS

 

80. Why is it incorrect to assume that the United States is now a postracial society? Describe why this is not the case by using examples from the text regarding the public’s opinion and attitudes, influence of educational attainment, income, and so forth.
81. Varies

Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Varies

Question Type: ESS

 

81. Explain how gender shaped the experiences of men and women in the civil rights and Black Power movements.
82. Varies

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Varies

Question Type: ESS