Emergency Care 13th Edition By Daniel J. Limmer -Test Bank

Emergency Care 13th Edition By Daniel J. Limmer -Test Bank

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ExamName___________________________________MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.1)Theabdominal quadrantsinclude all of the followingexceptthe:1)A)right medial.B)left lower.C)left upper.D)right upper.Answer:AExplanation:A)CORRECT. There is no right medial abdominal quadrant.B)INCORRECT. The left lower quadrant is one of the abdominal quadrants.C)INCORRECT. The four abdominal quadrants include the left upper quadrant.D)INCORRECT. The abdominal quadrants include the right upper quadrant.2)What is the distinction betweenanatomyandphysiology?2)A)The terms are synonymous.B)Anatomy is the study of physical body structures, whereas physiology is the study ofemotions and behavior.C)Anatomy is the study of body components and systems, and physiology is the study ofinjuries and disease processes.D)Anatomy is the study of body structures, and physiology is the study of body function.Answer:DExplanation:A)INCORRECT. Anatomy and physiology refer to different studies; they do notmean the same thing.B)INCORRECT. Physiology is not the study of emotions and behavior.C)INCORRECT.Pathophysiology is the study of disease processes, not physiology.D)CORRECT. Anatomy is the study of body structures, organs and systems, andphysiology is the study of the actions of those organs and systems.3)Which of the following BEST describes the anatomic position?3)A)Standing, facing forward, with arms raised above the headB)Standing in profile with the hands on the hipsC)Supine with arms crossed over the chest and knees slightly bentD)Standing, facing forward, with arms at the side, palms forwardAnswer:DExplanation:A)INCORRECT. In the anatomic position, the patient’s arms are not above the head.B)INCORRECT. The anatomic position does not describe a person standing sidewayswith hands on the hips.C)INCORRECT. Lying on the back with arms crossed is not a description of theanatomic position.D)CORRECT. The anatomic position is the body standing erect, facing the observer,with arms down at the sides and the palms of the hands facing forward.1
4)A postal worker has been attacked by a dog during her mail delivery route. The patient is a54-year-old female with several dog bites on her lower extremities and left arm. The worst of thesebites is located on the back of her right leg just above the ankle. How can you explain the locationof this injury using anatomical landmarks?4)A)The bite is located on the anterior aspect of the calf just distal to the knee.B)The bite is located on the anterior aspect of the calf just proximal to the knee.C)The bite is located on the posterior aspect of the calf just proximal to the knee.D)The bite is located on the posterior aspect of the calf distal to the knee.Answer:DExplanation:A)INCORRECT. Describing the bite as beinganteriorindicates that it is on the front ofthe leg.B)INCORRECT. This description would describe a bite on the front of the patient’sleg.C)INCORRECT. This description would describe a bite on the back of the patient’scalf, but close to the knee.D)CORRECT. Since the dog bite is on the back of the leg or calf, it is on the posterioraspect of the leg. Since it is below the knee, use the termdistalto describe an injurythat is distant or away from the knee.5)What is the primary reason for an EMT to use specific and proper medical terminology?5)A)EMS providers can’t bill for services unless the correct terminology is used in alldocumentation.B)Medical communication needs to be exact and consistent.C)It will make patients and family members trust in the EMT’s abilities more.D)People may think that an EMT is not intelligent or professional unless she uses medical terms.Answer:BExplanation:A)INCORRECT. Although proper documentation is important for billing purposes,this is not the primary reason to use proper terminology.B)CORRECT. Communication about medical assessment and care needs to beclear-cut and exact so that everyone involved in the process understands. Whetherdescribing a patient over the radio for medical direction or documenting findingsin a prehospital care report, being specific matters. Proper medical terminologyallows a precision that common terms may not permit.C)INCORRECT. Good rapport and interpersonal skills will aid in building trust withpatients and family members much more than using medical terminology;excessive use of medical terms may actually alienate patients.D)INCORRECT. Having others think that an EMT is intelligent or professionalshould not be the motivation for using medical terminology.6)With regard to medical terminology, aprefixis:6)A)added to the beginnings of roots or words to modify or qualify their meaning.B)the combination of any two or more whole words.C)the foundation of a word or term.D)a modifier that indicates if a term is singular or plural.Answer:AExplanation:A)CORRECT.Prefixesare added to the beginnings of roots or words to modify orqualify their meaning.B)INCORRECT. Combining any two whole words into another word is calledcompounding.C)INCORRECT. The foundation of a word is called aroot.D)INCORRECT. A prefix will generally not indicate if a word or term is singular orplural.2
7)Which of the following are the abdominal regions created by drawing two imaginary linesintersecting at the navel?7)A)Abdominal regionsB)Abdominal planesC)Abdominal sextantsD)Abdominal quadrantsAnswer:DExplanation:A)INCORRECT.Abdominal regionsis a generic term that doesn’t refer to the specificareas identified by two imaginary lines intersecting at the navel.B)INCORRECT. A plane is an imaginary flat surface formed when slicing through asolid object; the termabdominal planedoesn’t adequately describe the abdominalregions.C)INCORRECT. A sextant is an instrument used to measure the angle between twoobjects; it does not apply to defining abdominal regions.D)CORRECT.Abdominal quadrantsare four divisions of the abdomen used to pinpointthe location of a pain or injury: they are defined by drawing two imaginary linesthrough the abdomen, intersecting at the navel.8)Which of the following describes Fowler’s position?8)A)Sitting upright with the legs straightB)Lying on the sideC)Lying flat on the backD)Lying on the stomachAnswer:AExplanation:A)CORRECT. When in the Fowler’s position, the patient is seated with her legs eitherstraight or bent in front of her.B)INCORRECT. The lateral recumbent (recovery) position has the patient lying onher side.C)INCORRECT. Lying flat on the back is called the supine position.D)INCORRECT. The positional term prone describes a patient who is lying on hisstomach.9)While transporting a patient with a traumatic wound to the back, you call in report to the receivinghospital over the radio. Due to radio static and background noise in the Emergency Department,the physician has had to ask you twice to repeat if the wound wassuperiororinferior. Why wouldthis distinction be important?9)A)The physician is just trying to determine if the wound is deep or not so she knows what toprepare for.B)The location of the wound is important in determining which types of resources to haveavailable when the patient arrives.C)The answer is not necessarily important. The physician is just focusing on getting herstandard questions answered while dealing with an inadequate radio system.D)It is a triage question to determine if the patient iscriticalor not so the hospital can prioritize.Answer:BExplanation:A)INCORRECT. The termssuperiorandinferiordon’t describe the depth of a wound.B)CORRECT. If a traumatic back injury is near the head (superior), there may be theneed to involve other specialists in care, such as neurology. In determining thespecific wound location, the receiving physician is trying to determine whichresources to have available.C)INCORRECT. The questions asked by physicians are generally important;although radio transmissions can occasionally be interrupted, the physicianwouldn’t persist if the answer wasn’t needed.D)INCORRECT. Simply knowing a more specific location of this back injurywouldn’t necessarily indicate whether the patient was critical or not.3
10)The inside of a person’s thigh is also known as its ________ aspect.10)A)axillaryB)inferiorC)lateralD)medialAnswer:DExplanation:A)INCORRECT. Axillary refers to the armpit of a patient, not the thigh.B)INCORRECT. Using the term inferior in reference to a thigh would describe apoint away from the head, not inside or outside.C)INCORRECT. The lateral aspect of the thigh would refer to the outside of the thigh.D)CORRECT. A part of the body that is toward the midline is described asmedial.11)You and your EMT partner are responding to a medical aid call in the rural West County area. Thedispatcher advises that the caller is reporting the patient as having a history of “plegia.” Why wouldit be beneficial to have the dispatcher clarify a prefix for the wordplegia?11)A)Without a clarifying prefix, it is difficult for the EMTs to effectively prepare for the type ofpatient they may encounter.B)A patient withplegiais potentially contagious, and the EMTs need to know what precautionsare required.C)Because adysplegiac patient generally requires an EMT-Paramedic level of care, and it maychange the level of response.D)There is actually no need to clarify the word.Answer:AExplanation:A)CORRECT. The rootplegiameans paralysis of the limbs; without a prefix, it isunclear to what extent the patient may be paralyzed, which may impact thechallenges encountered by medical responders. The EMTs would want to know ifthey are responding to a partially (para-) or fully (quadri-) paralyzed patient.B)INCORRECT.Plegia, the paralysis of the limbs, is not an infectious disease.C)INCORRECT. Dysplegia is not a recognized medical condition and would notimpact the response decisions.D)INCORRECT. The prefix to the rootplegiais important for responders to know.12)What is another term for the frontal aspect of the body?12)A)DorsalB)CaudalC)AnteriorD)PosteriorAnswer:CExplanation:A)INCORRECT.Dorsalindicates the back of the body.B)INCORRECT. The anatomic termcaudalrefers to the back of the body or tail.C)CORRECT. The front aspect of a body or body part is called theanterior.D)INCORRECT. The termposterioris used to describe the back aspect of the body orbody part.13)With regard to anatomical locations, which of the following is NOT true?13)A)The ears are located on the lateral aspect of the head.B)The foot is distal to the knee.C)The umbilicus is located on the ventral aspect of the body.D)The mouth is proximal to the nose.Answer:DExplanation:A)INCORRECT. The ears are located to the sides of the head and would be describedas being on the lateral aspect of the head.B)INCORRECT. Since the foot is further from the body than the knee, the termdistalis correct.C)INCORRECT.Ventralmeans front; the umbilicus is located on the front of thebody.D)CORRECT. The correct terminology would be to say the mouth is inferior to thenose.4
14)Why should an EMTavoidthe use of acronyms and abbreviations when communicating?14)A)Using acronyms and abbreviations is considered unprofessional.B)The medical acronyms and abbreviations used by prehospital care providers and hospitalstaff are different.C)They should only be avoided in verbal communications, where they can be misunderstood;they are expected in written patient care reports.D)There is a chance that they can lead to errors in continued care for the patient.Answer:DExplanation:A)INCORRECT. It is only considered unprofessional when acronyms andabbreviations are used incorrectly or in excess.B)INCORRECT. Although there are some regional differences with certain acronymsor abbreviations, they are usually the same between prehospital and facility-basedproviders.C)INCORRECT. Acronyms and abbreviations can be misunderstood, whethercommunicated verballyorin writing.D)CORRECT. Research has shown that the use of acronyms and abbreviations is acommon cause of medical errors.15)Which of the following describes the midline of the body?15)A)An imaginary line dividing the body into a front and a back portionB)The intersection of two imaginary lines crossing at the umbilicusC)An imaginary line dividing the body into a top and bottom portionD)An imaginary line dividing the body into equal right and left halvesAnswer:DExplanation:A)INCORRECT. The mid-axillary line divides the body into front and back halves,not the midline.B)INCORRECT. The intersection of two imaginary lines crossing at the umbilicus isnot called a midline.C)INCORRECT. An imaginary line dividing a person into upper and lower halves isnot referred to as amidline.D)CORRECT. Themidlineis an imaginary line splitting the body into equal right andleft halves.16)The termlateralis best defined as:16)A)to the back of.B)under the arms.C)toward the middle of.D)to the side.Answer:DExplanation:A)INCORRECT. The medical term for the back of something is calleddorsal.B)INCORRECT. Although the area under the armscouldbe lateral to something else,it is not the best description of the term.C)INCORRECT. Toward the middle of the body is described asmedial.D)CORRECT. Lateral is defined asto the side, away from the midline of the body.5
17)What word would be used to refer to a patient’s rapid breathing?17)A)DyseffusionB)TachypneaC)DyspneaD)TachycardiaAnswer:BExplanation:A)INCORRECT. When used medically, the wordeffusionrefers to the escape of fluidor gas; dyseffusion would not describe the rate of a patient’s breathing.B)CORRECT. The prefixtachymeans fast or rapid and the rootpnearefers tobreathing.C)INCORRECT. A patient who is having difficulty breathing is described with theworddyspnea.D)INCORRECT. Tachycardia describes a heart rate that is rapid.18)You and your newly hired EMT partner arrive on the scene of a bicycle collision at the localcommunity park. One cyclist stands by and says that she has no injuries. The other is lying on hisside on the bike path, guarding his ribs and holding the lower part of his left leg. Your partnerkneels next to the man, introduces herself, and asks, “Can you ambulate?” The patient looks up,confused and in obvious pain. “Can you ambulate? You know…walk?” Your partner says, a littlelouder. After transporting the patient, you discuss the call with your partner and suggest that sheavoid using medical terms unnecessarily when talking with patients. She seems insulted and says,”Why?” What would you say?18)A)Tell her that the point of communicating with patients and other providers is so there is clearunderstanding; using medical terms when not necessary can cause confusion.B)You should say that you are an experienced EMT and since she is new, she should just takeyour advice and apply it.C)Tell her that the general public isn’t smart enough to understand medical terminology andthat all communication must be “dumbed down” when talking to patients.D)Explain that using large words and medical terms can be seen as being egotistical, which canalienate both patients and other providers.Answer:AExplanation:A)CORRECT. Occasionally complex terms used in messages can cause confusioneven among trained health care professionals. If there is a potential for ambiguityor if the person you are speaking to may not understand medically-specific terms,do not be reluctant to revert to clearer terms.B)INCORRECT. Important educational opportunities are missed when experiencedproviders do not explain thereasonsbehind their advice to their newer coworkers.C)INCORRECT. The potential confusion caused by using detailed medicalterminology is not related to intelligence, and saying that communication needs tobe “dumbed down” is inappropriate for a professional EMT.D)INCORRECT. Simply using medical terms does not make a provider egotistical.19)Which of the following BEST describes the location of the mid-axillary line?19)A)A line drawn horizontally from one armpit to the other, across the front of the bodyB)A line from the center of the armpit, extending vertically down the side of the chestC)A line drawn diagonally from the outer end of the clavicle to the navelD)A line drawn vertically from the xiphoid process to the pubic boneAnswer:BExplanation:A)INCORRECT. A line drawn across the body from one armpit to the other wouldnot be called a mid-axillary line.B)CORRECT. A line drawn vertically from the middle of the armpit to the ankle iscalled the mid-axillary line.C)INCORRECT. Drawing a line from the clavicle to the navel does not describe thelocation of the mid-axillary line.D)INCORRECT. This would best be described as themidline.6
20)To check the distal pulse of a patient with an injury to the forearm, the EMT would check for apulse in which location?20)A)ThroatB)WristC)Upper armD)ArmpitAnswer:BExplanation:A)INCORRECT. The throat would not be described asdistalto the elbow.B)CORRECT. The wrist isdistalto the elbow.C)INCORRECT. The upper arm is notdistalto the elbow.D)INCORRECT. The armpit is consideredproximal; closer to the torso.21)A patient with bilateral femur fractures would have which of the following?21)A)A femur fracture in which the bone ends have punctured the muscle and skin of the thighB)A femur fracture occurring with little or no traumaC)Fractures of both femursD)Two fractures in the same femurAnswer:CExplanation:A)INCORRECT. The severity of a fracture is not addressed by the anatomic termbilateral.B)INCORRECT. The cause of the fractures is not related to the term bilateral.C)CORRECT. Bilateral means “on both sides”; bilateral femur fractures means thatboth femurs have been fractured.D)INCORRECT. Bilateral does not simply mean two; two fractures of the same femurwould not be called bilateral.22)The wrist is ________ to the elbow.22)A)dorsalB)medialC)inferiorD)distalAnswer:DExplanation:A)INCORRECT.Dorsalmeans on the back of.B)INCORRECT.Medialmeans closer to the midline of the body.C)INCORRECT.Inferiormeans below or further from the head; although thismayapply, it is not the correct terminology.D)CORRECT. The wrist isdistalto the elbow; further from the torso and nearer thefree end of the extremity.23)Your 79-year-old female patient appears to show all signs and symptoms of a stroke. Her level ofconsciousness has rapidly deteriorated, she is now unconscious, and she can no longer control herown airway. While you intervene to manage her airway, the best position in which to keep fluid orvomitus from occluding her airway would be the:23)A)Trendelenburg position.B)recovery position.C)Fowler position.D)prone position.Answer:BExplanation:A)INCORRECT. The Trendelenburg position is on the back with legs raised, whichwould be potentially dangerous to the airway of an unconscious person.B)CORRECT. The recovery position, also known as the lateral recumbent position, isthe preferred position for any unconscious nontrauma patient because it is aposition in which fluids and vomitus can drain from the mouth and be less likelyto be aspirated into the lungs.C)INCORRECT. The Fowler position is seated full upright, which wouldn’t beappropriate for an unconscious patient.D)INCORRECT. No patient is ever positioned or transported in the prone position.7
24)You respond to a large concert venue where a number of spectators are reported to be severelyintoxicated. You are directed to an area where several patients appear to be unconscious, lying facedown on the ground. The position of these patients is described as:24)A)supine.B)anterior.C)prone.D)posterior.Answer:CExplanation:A)INCORRECT. Thesupineposition is one where the patient is lying on his back orface up.B)INCORRECT.Anteriordoes not describe a position; it just means “the front of thebody.”C)CORRECT. Always compare the patient’s position to the universal reference, or theanatomic position. Theproneposition is one where the patient is lying on hisabdomen or face down.D)INCORRECT.Posteriorsimply refers to “the back of the body” and does notdescribe a position.25)When discussingleftandrightin terms of anatomic locations, what do they refer to?25)A)Whoever is speaking about the anatomic location determines left and right orientation.B)Anatomic left and right refer to the provider’s left and right orientation when facing a patientin the anatomic position.C)Left and right from the patient’s perspectiveD)What left and right refer to anatomically is dependent on the patient’s positioning when careis provided.Answer:CExplanation:A)INCORRECT. Whoever is speaking does not play a role in determining anatomicleft or right.B)INCORRECT. Anatomic locations are not based on the perspective of the careprovider.C)CORRECT. The directionsleftandrightalways refer to the patient’s left and right.D)INCORRECT. The patient’s positioning does not alter the locations of anatomic leftand right.8
Answer KeyTestname: C51)A2)D3)D4)D5)B6)A7)D8)A9)B10)D11)A12)C13)D14)D15)D16)D17)B18)A19)B20)B21)C22)D23)B24)C25)C9