Environmental Geology 11Th Edition By Carla Montgomery - Test Bank

Environmental Geology 11Th Edition By Carla Montgomery – Test Bank

 

Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers

 

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Environmental Geology, 11e (Montgomery)

Chapter 5   Volcanoes

 

1) Mafic magmas

1. A) may contain up to about 75 percent SiO2by weight.
2. B) are viscous and do not flow easily.
3. C) tend to inhibit passage of gas that tries to escape through it.
4. D) result in less violent eruptions than felsic to intermediate magmas.

 

Answer:  D

Section:  05.01: Magma Sources and Types

Topic:  Volcanoes; Rocks

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

2) The Pacific Ring of Fire is

1. A) a nearly circular region of fissure eruptions in the Pacific Ocean basin.
2. B) volcanic activity related to subduction zones and spreading zones rimming the Pacific Ocean basin.
3. C) a region of nearly continuous eruption of nueé ardentes in the Pacific Ocean basin.
4. D) the region defined by the Hawaiian Islands and the adjacent underwater volcanoes known as seamounts.

 

Answer:  B

Section:  05.02: Styles and Locations of Volcanic Activity

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

3) Volcanic rocks are

1. A) crystallized from magma at or near the earth’s surface.
2. B) by definition, only those produced by conelike volcanic structures.
3. C) coarse-grained because the magmas typically spend so long inside the volcano before eruption.
4. D) All of the choices are correct.

 

Answer:  A

Section:  05.02: Styles and Locations of Volcanic Activity

Topic:  Volcanoes; Rocks

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

 

 

4) Eruption of magma from a long crack in the lithosphere is a

1. A) pyroclastic eruption.
2. B) Nuée ardente.
3. C) fissure eruption.
4. D) Cascade volcano.

 

Answer:  C

Section:  05.02: Styles and Locations of Volcanic Activity

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

5) The rock type that forms at new seafloor spreading centers is

1. A) andesitic.
2. B) rhyolitic.
3. C) granitic.
4. D) basaltic.

 

Answer:  D

Section:  05.01: Magma Sources and Types

Topic:  Volcanoes; Plate Tectonics

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

6) A volcano built of many thin flows of fluid lava is a

1. A) shield volcano.
2. B) composite volcano.
3. C) cinder cone.
4. D) subduction-zone volcano.

 

Answer:  A

Section:  05.02: Styles and Locations of Volcanic Activity

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

 

 

7) Which of the following is a good example of a shield volcano?

1. A) Mt. St. Helens
2. B) Andes mountains
3. C) Cascade mountains
4. D) Hawaiian islands

 

Answer:  D

Section:  05.02: Styles and Locations of Volcanic Activity

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

8) Rather than freely spreading, if the lava piles up close to the vent resulting in a structure that is steep-sided and compact is called a

1. A) volcanic dome.
2. B) plutonic dome.
3. C) volcanic basin.
4. D) lava dome.

 

Answer:  D

Section:  05.02: Styles and Locations of Volcanic Activity

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

9) The low-viscosity, fluid lava of hot-spot volcanoes in ocean basin settings is typically

1. A) felsic.
2. B) intermediate.
3. C) mafic.
4. D) ultramafic.

 

Answer:  C

Section:  05.01: Magma Sources and Types

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

 

 

10) In contrast to the mafic volcanism at rift zones, subduction zone lavas are lower in iron content but significantly higher in

1. A) magnesium and silica.
2. B) water and silica.
3. C) water and magnesium.
4. D) calcium and silica.

 

Answer:  B

Section:  05.01: Magma Sources and Types

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

11) A volcanic landform built of entirely of pyroclastics of basaltic composition is a

1. A) shield volcano.
2. B) cinder cone.
3. C) volcanic dome.
4. D) Nuée ardente.

 

Answer:  B

Section:  05.02: Styles and Locations of Volcanic Activity

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

12) Pyroclastics

1. A) represent the fluid portion of lavas.
2. B) are solid materials erupted from a volcano.
3. C) are smaller volcanos that develop on the sides of a main volcano.
4. D) are researchers who study volcanos and volcanic processes.

 

Answer:  B

Section:  05.02: Styles and Locations of Volcanic Activity

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

 

 

13) Fast moving volcanic mudflow is formed as a result of the combination of water and volcanic ash results in

1. A) lahars.
2. B) pyroclastic flows.
3. C) cinder cones.
4. D) lava domes.

 

Answer:  A

Section:  05.03: Hazards Related to Volcanoes

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

14) Which of these is not a strategy for stopping an advancing lava flow?

1. A) Spraying water on the flow front to cool it.
2. B) Constructing a dense, massive plug to stop up the vent from which the magma is erupting.
3. C) Using explosives to punch holes selectively in a flow’s hardened crust to divert remaining liquid lava.
4. D) All of these are strategies for stopping an advancing lava flow.

 

Answer:  B

Section:  05.03: Hazards Related to Volcanoes

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

15) The 1883 Krakatoa, Indonesia eruption is more accurately classified as an

1. A) effusive eruption.
2. B) pyroclastic eruption.
3. C) phreatic eruption.
4. D) None of the choices are correct.

 

Answer:  C

Section:  05.03: Hazards Related to Volcanoes

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

 

 

16) A hot, glowing cloud of gas and ash is sometimes known as a

1. A) Nuée ardente.
2. B) lahar.
3. C) rhyolite.
4. D) composite flow.

 

Answer:  A

Section:  05.03: Hazards Related to Volcanoes

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

17) A phreatic volcanic eruption

1. A) involves ash only.
2. B) is the same type of eruption as a nuée ardente.
3. C) only occurs at rift zones.
4. D) results from groundwater that becomes steam upon magmatic heating.

 

Answer:  D

Section:  05.03: Hazards Related to Volcanoes

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

18) Which of the following volcanoes is least likely to erupt violently and explosively?

1. A) Kilauea on Hawaii
2. B) Mount St. Helens in the Cascades
3. C) Mount Augustine in the Aleutians
4. D) Mt. Pinatubo in the Philippines

 

Answer:  A

Section:  05.02: Styles and Locations of Volcanic Activity

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

 

 

19) The type of volcano most likely to form over an oceanic “hot spot” is a

1. A) composite volcano.
2. B) volcanic dome.
3. C) shield volcano.
4. D) stratovolcano.

 

Answer:  C

Section:  05.02: Styles and Locations of Volcanic Activity

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

20) The 1991 eruption of Mt. Pinatubo caused global cooling because it

1. A) added ozone to the ozone layer.
2. B) produced sulfuric acid droplets in the atmosphere that blocked incoming sunlight.
3. C) caused increased evaporation of cool water vapor from the oceans.
4. D) produced very strong winds that cooled the continents.

 

Answer:  B

Section:  05.03: Hazards Related to Volcanoes

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

21) Possible precursors of volcanic eruptions include

1. A) bulging, tilt or uplift of the volcano’s surface.
2. B) increased seismic activity.
3. C) changes in composition of gases escaping from the volcano.
4. D) All of the choices are correct.

 

Answer:  D

Section:  05.04: Issues in Predicting Volcanic Eruptions

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

 

 

22) Active periods in a volcano’s history

1. A) typically involve only one significant eruptive phase lasting days or, at most, a few weeks.
2. B) always begin with a nuée ardente.
3. C) may occur at intervals of hundreds or thousands of years, with quiet periods in between.
4. D) All of the choices are correct.

 

Answer:  C

Section:  05.04: Issues in Predicting Volcanic Eruptions

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

23) Of the following volcanic landforms, which one is a stratovolcano?

1. A) any one of the Azores Islands, Portugal
2. B) Mt. Hood, Oregon
3. C) any one of the Hawaiian Islands
4. D) Sunset Crater, Arizona

 

Answer:  B

Section:  05.05: More on Volcanic Hazards in the United States

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

24) A volcanic rock of intermediate composition, characteristic of subduction-zone volcanoes like those of the Cascade Range is

1. A) basalt.
2. B) andesite.
3. C) rhyolite.
4. D) granite.

 

Answer:  B

Section:  05.01: Magma Sources and Types

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

 

 

25) The Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) is based on

1. A) the length of the eruption.
2. B) the volume of pyroclastics produced.
3. C) the height to which the pyroclastics rose in the atmosphere.
4. D) All the choices are correct.

 

Answer:  D

Section:  05.04: Issues in Predicting Volcanic Eruptions

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

26) The Cascade Range volcanoes

1. A) sit above a subduction zone.
2. B) are now expected to become extinct as they cool.
3. C) pose little threat, as their eruptions are typically quiet ones.
4. D) All of the choices are correct.

 

Answer:  A

Section:  05.05: More on Volcanic Hazards in the United States

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

27) A caldera is

1. A) a topographically low area that results from the collapse of a volcano after its magma chamber empties or removal of the top of a volcano during an explosive eruption.
2. B) an alternate name for boiling mud pots in thermally active areas.
3. C) not associated with andesitic or rhyolitic volcanism, but only with basaltic volcanism.
4. D) only preserved for short periods of time, so that ancient calderas do not exist.

 

Answer:  A

Section:  05.05: More on Volcanic Hazards in the United States

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

 

 

28) Mount St. Helens and the related Cascade Range volcanoes represent the only volcanically active areas in the United States.

 

Answer:  FALSE

Section:  05.05: More on Volcanic Hazards in the United States

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

29) Yellowstone National Park is underlain by an ancient volcanic caldera and current thermal activity and uplift there may signal future eruption potential.

 

Answer:  TRUE

Section:  05.05: More on Volcanic Hazards in the United States

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

30) Volumetrically, the greatest production of new volcanic rock occurs at seafloor spreading ridges.

 

Answer:  TRUE

Section:  05.02: Styles and Locations of Volcanic Activity

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

31) The so-called Ring of Fire rimming the Pacific Ocean is really a ring of subduction zones.

 

Answer:  TRUE

Section:  05.02: Styles and Locations of Volcanic Activity

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

 

 

32) Volcanoes that build domes are more likely to erupt explosively than are shield volcanoes.

 

Answer:  TRUE

Section:  05.02: Styles and Locations of Volcanic Activity

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

33) A dormant volcano that is currently inactive could have a potential to possibly become active.

 

Answer:  TRUE

Section:  05.04: Issues in Predicting Volcanic Eruptions

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

34) The path of a lava flow can to some extent be predicted; like any fluid, lava flows downhill.

 

Answer:  TRUE

Section:  05.03: Hazards Related to Volcanoes

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

35) To halt a pyroclastic flow, one could use many of the same techniques as are used for lava, because both are flowing fluids.

 

Answer:  FALSE

Section:  05.03: Hazards Related to Volcanoes

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

 

 

36) Each volcano has a characteristic eruptive style; the nature of past eruptions indicates whether or not a particular volcano is likely to erupt violently in the future.

 

Answer:  TRUE

Section:  05.02: Styles and Locations of Volcanic Activity

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

37) People can be killed by poisonous gases emitted by a volcano even before they realize that they are in danger.

 

Answer:  TRUE

Section:  05.03: Hazards Related to Volcanoes

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

38) The damage from ash fall in the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines in 1991 would have been worse, but fortunately, monsoon rains washed the ash off houses and hillsides.

 

Answer:  FALSE

Section:  05.03: Hazards Related to Volcanoes

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

39) Of the following: various sulfur gases, hydrochloric acid, and carbon monoxide, only carbon monoxide is poisonous.

 

Answer:  FALSE

Section:  05.03: Hazards Related to Volcanoes

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

 

 

40) The passage of magma up through the lithosphere may be traced by the shallow earthquake focal depths over time.

 

Answer:  TRUE

Section:  05.04: Issues in Predicting Volcanic Eruptions

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

41) A major concern about possible future eruptions of Mount Rainier is the potential for mudflow damage to nearby cities.

 

Answer:  TRUE

Section:  05.05: More on Volcanic Hazards in the United States

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

42) So far, Mount St. Helens is the only volcano in the Cascade Range to show any sign of thermal activity.

 

Answer:  FALSE

Section:  05.05: More on Volcanic Hazards in the United States

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

43) Increased thermal activity (fumaroles, hot springs) in a volcanic area may signal the presence of hot magma at shallow depths in the crust.

 

Answer:  TRUE

Section:  05.05: More on Volcanic Hazards in the United States

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

 

 

44) Volcanic ash from recent eruptions of Aleutian volcanoes has posed a threat to air travel.

 

Answer:  TRUE

Section:  05.05: More on Volcanic Hazards in the United States

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

45) Explosive volcanoes can be so unpredictable that even volcanologists monitoring and studying them can be killed by unexpected eruptions.

 

Answer:  TRUE

Section:  05.04: Issues in Predicting Volcanic Eruptions

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

46) The Yellowstone Park volcanic area is along a hot-spot track across the northwestern United States.

 

Answer:  TRUE

Section:  05.05: More on Volcanic Hazards in the United States

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

47) Low viscosity lava

1. A) forms composite cones.
2. B) is characteristic of volcanoes along convergent plate boundaries.
3. C) is basaltic or mafic in composition.
4. D) All of the choices are correct.

 

Answer:  C

Section:  05.01: Magma Sources and Types

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

 

 

48) Composite volcanoes develop from eruption of

1. A) low viscosity lava.
2. B) basaltic lava.
3. C) andesitic lava and pyroclasts.
4. D) rhyolitic pyroclasts.

 

Answer:  C

Section:  05.01: Magma Sources and Types; 05.02: Styles and Locations of Volcanic Activity

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

49) Which type of volcano can be expected to erupt explosively?

1. A) composite volcano
2. B) mid-ocean ridge
3. C) shield
4. D) fissure basalt eruption

 

Answer:  A

Section:  05.02: Styles and Locations of Volcanic Activity

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

50) Shield volcanoes have

1. A) low viscosity lava.
2. B) high viscosity lava.
3. C) much explosive activity.
4. D) rhyolite lava.

 

Answer:  A

Section:  05.02: Styles and Locations of Volcanic Activity

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

 

 

51) Magma with the greatest capacity for trapping gases is

1. A) ultramafic.
2. B) mafic.
3. C) intermediate.
4. D) felsic (silicic).

 

Answer:  D

Section:  05.01: Magma Sources and Types

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

52) Most damage when a volcano like Mt. St. Helens erupts results from

1. A) fast-moving lava flows.
2. B) pyroclastic flows and floods in valleys.
3. C) extensive lava flows.
4. D) blowdown by the blast (shock wave).

 

Answer:  B

Section:  05.03: Hazards Related to Volcanoes

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

53) Most andesitic volcanoes are located

1. A) along a transform fault.
2. B) at a divergent plate boundary.
3. C) at a convergent plate boundary.
4. D) above a mantle hotspot.

 

Answer:  C

Section:  05.01: Magma Sources and Types; 05.02: Styles and Locations of Volcanic Activity

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

 

 

54) Yellowstone is located

1. A) along a transform fault.
2. B) at a divergent plate boundary.
3. C) at a convergent plate boundary.
4. D) above a mantle hotspot.

 

Answer:  D

Section:  05.05: More on Volcanic Hazards in the United States

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

55) Pyroclastic eruptions on a snow-capped volcano

1. A) stop when the melting snow cools the eruption.
2. B) are physically impossible.
3. C) can create dangerous lahars.
4. D) cause the volcanic ash to solidify.

 

Answer:  C

Section:  05.03: Hazards Related to Volcanoes

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

56) Most lava flows advance at speeds of

1. A) a few km per hour.
2. B) a few km per minute.
3. C) a few km per second.
4. D) many km per second.

 

Answer:  A

Section:  05.03: Hazards Related to Volcanoes

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

 

 

57) Major volcanic eruptions

1. A) influence Earth’s climate for several thousand years.
2. B) influence Earth’s climate for several centuries.
3. C) influence Earth’s climate for several decades.
4. D) influence Earth’s climate for several years.

 

Answer:  D

Section:  05.03: Hazards Related to Volcanoes

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

58) Which of the following is not a type of pyroclastic material?

1. A) volcanic bombs
2. B) volcanic cinders
3. C) volcanic ash
4. D) flowing lava

 

Answer:  D

Section:  05.02: Styles and Locations of Volcanic Activity

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

59) Volcanic eruptions may, at least temporarily,

1. A) contribute to the formation of acid rain.
2. B) decrease average global temperature.
3. C) increase the rate of ozone depletion.
4. D) All of the answers are correct.

 

Answer:  D

Section:  05.03: Hazards Related to Volcanoes

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05

 

 

 

60) All of the following are possible volcanic precursors except

1. A) seismic activity.
2. B) deformation of a volcano’s surface.
3. C) changes in barometric pressure.
4. D) changes in the mix of gases emitted by the volcano.

 

Answer:  C

Section:  05.04: Issues in Predicting Volcanic Eruptions

Topic:  Volcanoes

Bloom’s:  Level 1. Remember

Accessibility:  Keyboard Navigation

Chapter:  05