Environmental Geology 3Rd Edition By Jim Reichard - Test Bank

Environmental Geology 3Rd Edition By Jim Reichard – Test Bank

 

Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers

 

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Chapter 05 Test Bank: Earthquakes and Related Hazards

Multiple Choice Questions

 

1. Which of the following statements is true regarding earthquakes?

 

1. They form when brittle rocks exceed their elastic limit.

 

1. All of the answers listed here.

 

1. They represent the vibrations that occur as seismic waves travel through rocks.

 

1. They represent the sudden release of energy that has accumulated within rocks.

 

1. They result in rocks being offset or displaced along faults.

 

2. Which of the following terms describes the point where energy is released during an earthquake?

 

1. breaking point

 

1. fault

 

1. endpoint

 

1. epicenter

 

1. focus

 

3. Which of the following statements best describes P-waves?

 

1. Move in a shearing manner and are the fastest type of seismic wave.

 

1. Move in a penetrating manner along the surface of the Earth.

 

1. Move in a compressional manner and are the slowest type of seismic waves.

 

1. Move in a shearing manner and are the slowest type of seismic wave.

 

1. Move in a compressional manner and are the fastest type of seismic wave.

 

4. Which of the following best describes the Mercalli earthquake scale?

 

1. Is a quantitative measure of earthquake intensity.

 

1. Is a qualitative measure of earthquake intensity.

 

1. Measures the amplitude of the strongest S-wave.

 

1. Measures the amplitude of the strongest surface wave.

 

1. Measures the amplitude of the strongest P-wave.

 

5. Which of the following best describes the Richter and Moment earthquake scales?

 

1. Measures the amount of ground motion and energy released.

 

1. All of the answers listed here.

 

1. Measures the amount of elasticity in seismic waves.

 

1. Measures the duration of an earthquake.

 

1. Measures the amount of damage at the epicenter.

 

6. The San Andreas fault is associated with which of the following tectonic settings?

 

1. divergent boundary

 

1. convergent boundary

 

1. subduction zone

 

1. transform boundary

 

1. volcanic arc

 

7. Which of the following statements regarding subduction zones is true?

 

1. The Cascadia fault is part of a subduction zone located in the northwestern United States.

 

1. Subduction zone earthquakes are associated with convergent plate boundaries.

 

1. All of the answers listed here.

 

1. Subduction zone earthquakes are associated with compressional stress.

 

1. Subduction zones are capable of generating extremely powerful earthquakes.

 

8. The New Madrid earthquake of 1811 and the Charleston earthquake of 1883 are notable for which of the following reasons?

 

1. Were relatively large and occurred in the interior of a tectonic plate.

 

1. Were the only earthquakes to occur in the U.S. during those years.

 

1. Occurred prior to the development of modern seismographs.

 

1. Were the first earthquakes in the U.S. since Europeans came to the continent.

 

1. Resulted in a very large number of human deaths.

 

9. Which of the following factors do NOT affect the amount of ground shaking during an earthquake?

 

1. Type of material seismic waves travel through.

 

1. Distance to the epicenter.

 

1. Focal depth of the earthquake.

 

1. Velocity of different seismic waves.

 

1. Amount of strain energy released during an earthquake.

 

10. Which of the following is a secondary hazard associated with earthquakes?

 

1. all of the answers listed here

 

1. landslides and open fissures

 

1. fires

 

1. tsunamis

 

1. liquefaction

 

11. Which of the following is NOT true of tsunamis?

 

1. The majority of tsunamis form during subduction zone earthquakes.

 

1. Tsunamis occur in the Pacific Ocean along the Ring of Fire.

 

1. Tsunamis form when the seafloor suddenly moves and displaces seawater.

 

1. Tsunamis are generated when energy is suddenly transferred to a body of water.

 

1. Tsunamis are associated with transform fault boundaries.

 

12. Which of the following best describes a seismic gap?

 

1. A portion of a seismograph record where data is missing due to seismic waves being blocked by a mountain range.

 

1. A large crack in the ground that opens in response to earthquake activity.

 

1. A section of an active fault that has not experienced an earthquake for an extended period of time

 

1. The time interval between when an earthquake originates and when its aftershocks begin.

 

1. The time interval between when an earthquake originates and when it’s felt at distant locations.

 

13. Which of the following is true regarding the epicenter of an earthquake?

 

1. It represents the point where strain energy was initially released.

 

1. It’s the point on the surface closest to where the strain energy was released.

 

1. It’s the point where seismic waves have the least amount of energy.

 

1. It’s the point where seismic waves have the slowest velocity.

 

1. It’s the weakest point in a rock body, hence undergoes the greatest amount of damage.

 

14. Which of the following factors affect the amount of damage caused by an earthquake?

 

1. Amount of ground shaking.

 

1. Natural vibration frequency and resonance.

 

1. All of the answers listed here.

 

1. Building construction design.

 

1. Number of secondary hazards.

 

15. Which of the following best describes the phenomenon known as wave amplification?

 

1. Situation on a seismograph where the P-waves overtake the S-waves.

 

1. Situation on a seismograph where the S-waves overtake the P-waves.

 

1. Dangerous situation that occurs when seismic waves encounter ocean waves.

 

1. Dangerous situation that occurs when seismic waves encounter electrical transmission lines.

 

1. Change in ground materials that causes seismic waves to slow down and have more energy.

 

16. Which of the following best describes the phenomenon known as liquefaction?

 

1. Ground shaking causes saturated sandy materials to behave as a liquid.

 

1. All of the answers listed here.

 

1. Ground shaking causes deep snowfields to instantly turn into liquid water.

 

1. Ground shaking causes asphalt highways to behave as a liquid.

 

1. Ground shaking causes rivers to temporarily flow in the opposite direction.

 

17. What best describes the technique known as seismic engineering that is used to reduce the number of deaths caused by earthquakes?

 

1. Building large breakwaters across inlets to prevent tsunamis from reaching the shoreline.

 

1. Enabling nuclear power plants to continue operating during an earthquake.

 

1. Developing ways of preventing earthquakes.

 

1. Rerouting traffic along major highways prior to an earthquake.

 

1. Making buildings more resistant to lateral ground forces during an earthquake.

 

True / False Questions

18. Surface waves do far greater damage to human structures than do body waves.

 

True / False

 

19. Earthquakes tend to occur in repetitive cycles as rocks accumulate strain energy and then rupture or break.

 

True / False

 

20. All natural earthquakes occur along plate boundaries.

 

True / False

 

Multiple Choice Questions

21. What kind of strained earth materials undergo permanent deformation by flowing plastically?

 

1. Water-saturated

 

1. Brittle

 

1. Ductile

 

1. Laminated

 

22. According to the elastic rebound theory, an earthquake occurs when a rock

 

1. reaches its elastic limit.

 

1. contracts due to excessive heat.

 

1. expands due to excessive heat.

 

1. recrystallizes due to high pressure.

 

23. The size of an earthquake is generally related to

 

1. the amount of ductile deformation.

 

1. the type of the fault involved.

 

1. the number of faults involved.

 

1. the amount of accumulated strain.

 

24. All of the following are causes of earthquake activity except

 

1. sunspot activity.

 

1. human activity.

 

1. tectonic activity.

 

1. volcanic activity.

 

25. What is an earthquake epicenter?

 

1. The farthest location where the earthquake is felt

 

1. The location on the ground surface directly above the focus

 

1. The location directly below the focus

 

1. The location in the subsurface where the earthquake originates

 

26. Which type of seismic wave usually causes the most damage to artificial structures?

 

1. P-waves

 

1. S-waves

 

1. Surface waves

 

1. Refracted waves

 

27. What type of machine is used to measure the location of an earthquake epicenter?

 

1. Tectograph

 

1. Rapidograph

 

1. Spectrograph

 

1. Seismograph

 

28. What is the Mercalli intensity scale based on?

 

1. Measurements with a seismograph

 

1. Human observations

 

1. Volcanic activity

 

1. The magnitude of microearthquakes

 

29. What is a Richter magnitude based on?

 

1. Measurements with a seismograph

 

1. Human observations

 

1. Volcanic activity

 

1. None of these choices are correct

 

30. What is a moment magnitude based on?

 

1. Amount of ground shaking

 

1. Amount of energy released

 

1. Human observations

 

1. Changes in the chemical composition of rocks

 

31. Where do the strongest earthquakes usually occur?

 

1. Along divergent boundaries

 

1. Along convergent boundaries

 

1. Along transform boundaries

 

1. In plate interiors

 

32. What is one possible way that the buildup of strain may be avoided?

 

1. Subduction

 

1. Seafloor spreading

 

1. Excessive volcanism

 

1. Fault creep

 

33. The largest earthquake ever recorded in California was located

 

1. on the San Andreas fault in southern California.

 

1. on the San Andreas fault in northern California.

 

1. on a subduction zone in southern California.

 

1. on a subduction zone in northern California.

 

34. Where is the Cascadia subduction zone located?

 

1. In the Pacific northwest of the U.S.

 

1. In southern California

 

1. Along the west coast of Mexico

 

1. Along the west coast of Alaska

 

35. Name an example of a place where intraplate earthquakes have occurred.

 

1. San Andreas fault seismic zone

 

1. Kobe seismic zone

 

1. New Madrid seismic zone

 

1. Indonesian seismic zone

 

36. Generally speaking, the most dangerous earthquakes tend to be

 

1. large magnitude and at great depth.

 

1. large magnitude and at shallow depth.

 

1. small magnitude and at great depth.

 

1. small magnitude and at shallow depth.

 

37. Where does ground amplification of seismic waves often take place?

 

1. On a mid-ocean ridge

 

1. On a transform fault

 

1. In sedimentary basins

 

1. In mountainous bedrock areas

 

38. What causes liquefaction to take place?

 

1. Surface rupture on a fault

 

1. Ground shaking

 

1. Fires ignited by downed power lines

 

1. Tsunamis

 

39. What causes the majority of tsunamis to form?

 

1. Submarine landslides

 

1. Subduction zone earthquakes

 

1. Volcanic explosions

 

1. Asteroid impacts

 

40. What is the name for a location on an active fault where strain has not been released for a significant period of time?

 

1. A shear zone

 

1. A fault scarp

 

1. A g-spot

 

1. Seismic gap

 

 

 

Chapter 05 Test Bank: Earthquakes and Related Hazards Key

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following statements is true regarding earthquakes?

 

1. They form when brittle rocks exceed their elastic limit.

 

1. All of the answers listed here.

 

1. They represent the vibrations that occur as seismic waves travel through rocks.

 

1. They represent the sudden release of energy that has accumulated within rocks.

 

1. They result in rocks being offset or displaced along faults.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.01 Describe the elastic rebound theory and how it relates to the occurrence and strength of earthquakes.
Section: 05.01 How Earthquakes Occur
Topic: Earthquakes

 

2. Which of the following terms describes the point where energy is released during an earthquake?

 

1. breaking point

 

1. fault

 

1. endpoint

 

1. epicenter

 

1. focus

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.01 Describe the elastic rebound theory and how it relates to the occurrence and strength of earthquakes.
Section: 05.01 How Earthquakes Occur
Topic: Earthquakes

 

3. Which of the following statements best describes P-waves?

 

1. Move in a shearing manner and are the fastest type of seismic wave.

 

1. Move in a penetrating manner along the surface of the Earth.

 

1. Move in a compressional manner and are the slowest type of seismic waves.

 

1. Move in a shearing manner and are the slowest type of seismic wave.

 

1. Move in a compressional manner and are the fastest type of seismic wave.

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.02 Explain the basic difference between the various seismic waves and why some types are more damaging than others.
Section: 05.02 Earthquake Waves
Topic: Earthquakes

 

4. Which of the following best describes the Mercalli earthquake scale?

 

1. Is a quantitative measure of earthquake intensity.

 

1. Is a qualitative measure of earthquake intensity.

 

1. Measures the amplitude of the strongest S-wave.

 

1. Measures the amplitude of the strongest surface wave.

 

1. Measures the amplitude of the strongest P-wave.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.03 Describe the difference between intensity and magnitude scales for measuring earthquakes.
Section: 05.03 Measuring the Strength of Earthquakes
Topic: Earthquakes

 

5. Which of the following best describes the Richter and Moment earthquake scales?

 

1. Measures the amount of ground motion and energy released.

 

1. All of the answers listed here.

 

1. Measures the amount of elasticity in seismic waves.

 

1. Measures the duration of an earthquake.

 

1. Measures the amount of damage at the epicenter.

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.03 Describe the difference between intensity and magnitude scales for measuring earthquakes.
Section: 05.03 Measuring the Strength of Earthquakes
Topic: Earthquakes

 

6. The San Andreas fault is associated with which of the following tectonic settings?

 

1. divergent boundary

 

1. convergent boundary

 

1. subduction zone

 

1. transform boundary

 

1. volcanic arc

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.01 Describe the elastic rebound theory and how it relates to the occurrence and strength of earthquakes.
Section: 05.04 Earthquakes and Plate Tectonics
Topic: Earthquakes

 

7. Which of the following statements regarding subduction zones is true?

 

1. The Cascadia fault is part of a subduction zone located in the northwestern United States.

 

1. Subduction zone earthquakes are associated with convergent plate boundaries.

 

1. All of the answers listed here.

 

1. Subduction zone earthquakes are associated with compressional stress.

 

1. Subduction zones are capable of generating extremely powerful earthquakes.

 

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.01 Describe the elastic rebound theory and how it relates to the occurrence and strength of earthquakes.
Section: 05.04 Earthquakes and Plate Tectonics
Topic: Earthquakes

 

8. The New Madrid earthquake of 1811 and the Charleston earthquake of 1883 are notable for which of the following reasons?

 

1. Were relatively large and occurred in the interior of a tectonic plate.

 

1. Were the only earthquakes to occur in the U.S. during those years.

 

1. Occurred prior to the development of modern seismographs.

 

1. Were the first earthquakes in the U.S. since Europeans came to the continent.

 

1. Resulted in a very large number of human deaths.

 

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.01 Describe the elastic rebound theory and how it relates to the occurrence and strength of earthquakes.
Learning Outcome: 05.05 Characterize the different types of secondary hazards associated with earthquakes.
Section: 05.04 Earthquakes and Plate Tectonics
Topic: Earthquakes

 

9. Which of the following factors do NOT affect the amount of ground shaking during an earthquake?

 

1. Type of material seismic waves travel through.

 

1. Distance to the epicenter.

 

1. Focal depth of the earthquake.

 

1. Velocity of different seismic waves.

 

1. Amount of strain energy released during an earthquake.

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.01 Describe the elastic rebound theory and how it relates to the occurrence and strength of earthquakes.
Section: 05.05 Earthquake Hazards and Humans
Topic: Earthquakes

 

10. Which of the following is a secondary hazard associated with earthquakes?

 

1. all of the answers listed here

 

1. landslides and open fissures

 

1. fires

 

1. tsunamis

 

1. liquefaction

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.05 Characterize the different types of secondary hazards associated with earthquakes.
Section: 05.05 Earthquake Hazards and Humans
Topic: Earthquakes

 

11. Which of the following is NOT true of tsunamis?

 

1. The majority of tsunamis form during subduction zone earthquakes.

 

1. Tsunamis occur in the Pacific Ocean along the Ring of Fire.

 

1. Tsunamis form when the seafloor suddenly moves and displaces seawater.

 

1. Tsunamis are generated when energy is suddenly transferred to a body of water.

 

1. Tsunamis are associated with transform fault boundaries.

 

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.05 Characterize the different types of secondary hazards associated with earthquakes.
Section: 05.05 Earthquake Hazards and Humans
Topic: Earthquakes

 

12. Which of the following best describes a seismic gap?

 

1. A portion of a seismograph record where data is missing due to seismic waves being blocked by a mountain range.

 

1. A large crack in the ground that opens in response to earthquake activity.

 

1. A section of an active fault that has not experienced an earthquake for an extended period of time

 

1. The time interval between when an earthquake originates and when its aftershocks begin.

 

1. The time interval between when an earthquake originates and when it’s felt at distant locations.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.04 Explain the basic science behind making short-term and long-term earthquake predictions.
Section: 05.05 Earthquake Hazards and Humans
Topic: Earthquakes

 

13. Which of the following is true regarding the epicenter of an earthquake?

 

1. It represents the point where strain energy was initially released.

 

1. It’s the point on the surface closest to where the strain energy was released.

 

1. It’s the point where seismic waves have the least amount of energy.

 

1. It’s the point where seismic waves have the slowest velocity.

 

1. It’s the weakest point in a rock body, hence undergoes the greatest amount of damage.

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.01 Describe the elastic rebound theory and how it relates to the occurrence and strength of earthquakes.
Learning Outcome: 05.06 Describe the factors that can lead to increased ground shaking and structural damage.
Section: 05.05 Earthquake Hazards and Humans
Topic: Earthquakes

 

14. Which of the following factors affect the amount of damage caused by an earthquake?

 

1. Amount of ground shaking.

 

1. Natural vibration frequency and resonance.

 

1. All of the answers listed here.

 

1. Building construction design.

 

1. Number of secondary hazards.

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.06 Describe the factors that can lead to increased ground shaking and structural damage.
Learning Outcome: 05.07 Characterize the basic ways in which society can reduce the loss of life and property damage from earthquakes.
Section: 05.05 Earthquake Hazards and Humans
Topic: Earthquakes

 

15. Which of the following best describes the phenomenon known as wave amplification?

 

1. Situation on a seismograph where the P-waves overtake the S-waves.

 

1. Situation on a seismograph where the S-waves overtake the P-waves.

 

1. Dangerous situation that occurs when seismic waves encounter ocean waves.

 

1. Dangerous situation that occurs when seismic waves encounter electrical transmission lines.

 

1. Change in ground materials that causes seismic waves to slow down and have more energy.

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.07 Characterize the basic ways in which society can reduce the loss of life and property damage from earthquakes.
Section: 05.05 Earthquake Hazards and Humans
Topic: Earthquakes

 

16. Which of the following best describes the phenomenon known as liquefaction?

 

1. Ground shaking causes saturated sandy materials to behave as a liquid.

 

1. All of the answers listed here.

 

1. Ground shaking causes deep snowfields to instantly turn into liquid water.

 

1. Ground shaking causes asphalt highways to behave as a liquid.

 

1. Ground shaking causes rivers to temporarily flow in the opposite direction.

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.06 Describe the factors that can lead to increased ground shaking and structural damage.
Learning Outcome: 05.07 Characterize the basic ways in which society can reduce the loss of life and property damage from earthquakes.
Section: 05.05 Earthquake Hazards and Humans
Topic: Earthquakes

 

17. What best describes the technique known as seismic engineering that is used to reduce the number of deaths caused by earthquakes?

 

1. Building large breakwaters across inlets to prevent tsunamis from reaching the shoreline.

 

1. Enabling nuclear power plants to continue operating during an earthquake.

 

1. Developing ways of preventing earthquakes.

 

1. Rerouting traffic along major highways prior to an earthquake.

 

1. Making buildings more resistant to lateral ground forces during an earthquake.

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.07 Characterize the basic ways in which society can reduce the loss of life and property damage from earthquakes.
Section: 05.06 Reducing Earthquake Risks
Topic: Earthquakes

True / False Questions

18. Surface waves do far greater damage to human structures than do body waves.

 

TRUE

 

Both types of surface waves force the ground to move in two different directions at the same time, something buildings are not normally designed to handle. Consequently, surface waves cause far greater damage to human structures than do body waves.

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.02 Explain the basic difference between the various seismic waves and why some types are more damaging than others.
Section: 05.02 Earthquake Waves
Section: 05.06 Reducing Earthquake Risks
Topic: Earthquakes

 

19. Earthquakes tend to occur in repetitive cycles as rocks accumulate strain energy and then rupture or break.

 

TRUE

 

Many earthquakes occur in repetitive cycles in tectonically active areas as rocks accumulate strain energy and then rupture once the rocks reach their elastic limit.

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.01 Describe the elastic rebound theory and how it relates to the occurrence and strength of earthquakes.
Section: 05.01 How Earthquakes Occur
Topic: Deformation
Topic: Earthquakes

 

20. All natural earthquakes occur along plate boundaries.

 

FALSE

 

While most earthquakes occur along plate boundaries, there are also small clusters and isolated epicenters scattered throughout the continental interior.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.01 Describe the elastic rebound theory and how it relates to the occurrence and strength of earthquakes.
Section: 05.01 How Earthquakes Occur
Topic: Earthquakes

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

21. What kind of strained earth materials undergo permanent deformation by flowing plastically?

 

1. Water-saturated

 

1. Brittle

 

1. Ductile

 

1. Laminated

 

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.01 Describe the elastic rebound theory and how it relates to the occurrence and strength of earthquakes.
Section: 05.01 How Earthquakes Occur
Topic: Deformation
Topic: Earthquakes

 

22. According to the elastic rebound theory, an earthquake occurs when a rock

 

1. reaches its elastic limit.

 

1. contracts due to excessive heat.

 

1. expands due to excessive heat.

 

1. recrystallizes due to high pressure.

 

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.01 Describe the elastic rebound theory and how it relates to the occurrence and strength of earthquakes.
Section: 05.01 How Earthquakes Occur
Topic: Deformation
Topic: Earthquakes

 

23. The size of an earthquake is generally related to

 

1. the amount of ductile deformation.

 

1. the type of the fault involved.

 

1. the number of faults involved.

 

1. the amount of accumulated strain.

 

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.01 Describe the elastic rebound theory and how it relates to the occurrence and strength of earthquakes.
Section: 05.01 How Earthquakes Occur
Topic: Earthquakes
Topic: Plate Tectonics

 

24. All of the following are causes of earthquake activity except

 

1. sunspot activity.

 

1. human activity.

 

1. tectonic activity.

 

1. volcanic activity.

 

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.01 Describe the elastic rebound theory and how it relates to the occurrence and strength of earthquakes.
Section: 05.01 How Earthquakes Occur
Topic: Earthquakes
Topic: Plate Tectonics

 

25. What is an earthquake epicenter?

 

1. The farthest location where the earthquake is felt

 

1. The location on the ground surface directly above the focus

 

1. The location directly below the focus

 

1. The location in the subsurface where the earthquake originates

 

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.01 Describe the elastic rebound theory and how it relates to the occurrence and strength of earthquakes.
Section: 05.01 How Earthquakes Occur
Topic: Earthquakes

 

26. Which type of seismic wave usually causes the most damage to artificial structures?

 

1. P-waves

 

1. S-waves

 

1. Surface waves

 

1. Refracted waves

 

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.02 Explain the basic difference between the various seismic waves and why some types are more damaging than others.
Section: 05.02 Earthquake Waves
Topic: Earthquakes

 

27. What type of machine is used to measure the location of an earthquake epicenter?

 

1. Tectograph

 

1. Rapidograph

 

1. Spectrograph

 

1. Seismograph

 

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.03 Describe the difference between intensity and magnitude scales for measuring earthquakes.
Section: 05.03 Measuring the Strength of Earthquakes
Topic: Earthquakes

 

28. What is the Mercalli intensity scale based on?

 

1. Measurements with a seismograph

 

1. Human observations

 

1. Volcanic activity

 

1. The magnitude of microearthquakes

 

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.03 Describe the difference between intensity and magnitude scales for measuring earthquakes.
Section: 05.03 Measuring the Strength of Earthquakes
Topic: Earthquakes

 

 

 

29. What is a Richter magnitude based on?

 

1. Measurements with a seismograph

 

1. Human observations

 

1. Volcanic activity

 

1. None of these choices are correct

 

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.03 Describe the difference between intensity and magnitude scales for measuring earthquakes.
Section: 05.03 Measuring the Strength of Earthquakes
Topic: Earthquakes

 

30. What is a moment magnitude based on?

 

1. Amount of ground shaking

 

1. Amount of energy released

 

1. Human observations

 

1. Changes in the chemical composition of rocks

 

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.03 Describe the difference between intensity and magnitude scales for measuring earthquakes.
Section: 05.03 Measuring the Strength of Earthquakes
Topic: Earthquakes

 

31. Where do the strongest earthquakes usually occur?

 

1. Along divergent boundaries

 

1. Along convergent boundaries

 

1. Along transform boundaries

 

1. In plate interiors

 

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.04 Explain the basic science behind making short-term and long-term earthquake predictions.
Section: 05.04 Earthquakes and Plate Tectonics
Topic: Earthquakes
Topic: Plate Tectonics

 

32. What is one possible way that the buildup of strain may be avoided?

 

1. Subduction

 

1. Seafloor spreading

 

1. Excessive volcanism

 

1. Fault creep

 

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.01 Describe the elastic rebound theory and how it relates to the occurrence and strength of earthquakes.
Section: 05.04 Earthquakes and Plate Tectonics
Topic: Earthquakes
Topic: Plate Tectonics

 

33. The largest earthquake ever recorded in California was located

 

1. on the San Andreas fault in southern California.

 

1. on the San Andreas fault in northern California.

 

1. on a subduction zone in southern California.

 

1. on a subduction zone in northern California.

 

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.04 Explain the basic science behind making short-term and long-term earthquake predictions.
Section: 05.04 Earthquakes and Plate Tectonics
Topic: Earthquakes
Topic: Plate Tectonics

 

34. Where is the Cascadia subduction zone located?

 

1. In the Pacific northwest of the U.S.

 

1. In southern California

 

1. Along the west coast of Mexico

 

1. Along the west coast of Alaska

 

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.04 Explain the basic science behind making short-term and long-term earthquake predictions.
Section: 05.04 Earthquakes and Plate Tectonics
Topic: Earthquakes
Topic: Plate Tectonics

 

35. Name an example of a place where intraplate earthquakes have occurred.

 

1. San Andreas fault seismic zone

 

1. Kobe seismic zone

 

1. New Madrid seismic zone

 

1. Indonesian seismic zone

 

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.04 Explain the basic science behind making short-term and long-term earthquake predictions.
Section: 05.04 Earthquakes and Plate Tectonics
Topic: Earthquakes
Topic: Plate Tectonics

 

36. Generally speaking, the most dangerous earthquakes tend to be

 

1. large magnitude and at great depth.

 

1. large magnitude and at shallow depth.

 

1. small magnitude and at great depth.

 

1. small magnitude and at shallow depth.

 

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.04 Explain the basic science behind making short-term and long-term earthquake predictions.
Section: 05.04 Earthquakes and Plate Tectonics
Topic: Earthquakes
Topic: Plate Tectonics

 

37. Where does ground amplification of seismic waves often take place?

 

1. On a mid-ocean ridge

 

1. On a transform fault

 

1. In sedimentary basins

 

1. In mountainous bedrock areas

 

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.05 Characterize the different types of secondary hazards associated with earthquakes.
Section: 05.05 Earthquake Hazards and Humans
Topic: Earthquakes

 

38. What causes liquefaction to take place?

 

1. Surface rupture on a fault

 

1. Ground shaking

 

1. Fires ignited by downed power lines

 

1. Tsunamis

 

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.05 Characterize the different types of secondary hazards associated with earthquakes.
Section: 05.05 Earthquake Hazards and Humans
Topic: Earthquakes

 

39. What causes the majority of tsunamis to form?

 

1. Submarine landslides

 

1. Subduction zone earthquakes

 

1. Volcanic explosions

 

1. Asteroid impacts

 

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.05 Characterize the different types of secondary hazards associated with earthquakes.
Section: 05.05 Earthquake Hazards and Humans
Topic: Earthquakes
Topic: Plate Tectonics

 

40. What is the name for a location on an active fault where strain has not been released for a significant period of time?

 

1. A shear zone

 

1. A fault scarp

 

1. A g-spot

 

1. Seismic gap

 

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Learning Outcome: 05.04 Explain the basic science behind making short-term and long-term earthquake predictions.
Section: 05.05 Earthquake Hazards and Humans
Topic: Earthquakes
Topic: Plate Tectonics

 

 

Chapter 05 Test Bank: Earthquakes and Related Hazards Summary

Category	# of Questions
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation	20
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember	18
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand	19
Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate	3
Gradable: automatic	40
Learning Outcome: 05.01 Describe the elastic rebound theory and how it relates to the occurrence and strength of earthquakes.	15
Learning Outcome: 05.02 Explain the basic difference between the various seismic waves and why some types are more damaging than others.	3
Learning Outcome: 05.03 Describe the difference between intensity and magnitude scales for measuring earthquakes.	6
Learning Outcome: 05.04 Explain the basic science behind making short-term and long-term earthquake predictions.	7
Learning Outcome: 05.05 Characterize the different types of secondary hazards associated with earthquakes.	6
Learning Outcome: 05.06 Describe the factors that can lead to increased ground shaking and structural damage.	3
Learning Outcome: 05.07 Characterize the basic ways in which society can reduce the loss of life and property damage from earthquakes.	4
Section: 05.01 How Earthquakes Occur	9
Section: 05.02 Earthquake Waves	3
Section: 05.03 Measuring the Strength of Earthquakes	6
Section: 05.04 Earthquakes and Plate Tectonics	9
Section: 05.05 Earthquake Hazards and Humans	12
Section: 05.06 Reducing Earthquake Risks	2
Topic: Deformation	3
Topic: Earthquakes	40
Topic: Plate Tectonics	10