Environmental Science 14Th edition By William - Test Bank

Environmental Science 14Th edition By William – Test Bank

 

Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers

 

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Chapter 05 Test Bank: Biomes: Global Patterns of Life Key

1. 1. Biomes exhibit __________ patterns in habitat characteristics.
2. latitudinal
   B. longitudinal
   C. seasonal

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Topic: Biomes

2. The most important factor in determining the type of biome to develop in a given area of those listed is
3. soil type.
   B. amount of sunlight.
   C. precipitation.
   D. glaciation patterns.

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3. Grasslands typically lack trees because seedlings have difficulty surviving the
4. frequent occurrence of fire.
   B. high temperatures.
   C. changing soils.
   D. temperate environment.

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4. The boreal forest is
5. dominated by coniferous trees.
   B. located where soils are typically dry.
   C. found in warm but not hot areas.
   D. characterized by tolerating a wide variety of temperatures and precipitation.

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5. Conifers are associated with all but
6. boreal forest.
   B. temperate rain forest.
   C. taiga.
   D. tundra.

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6. Estuaries are characterized as being
7. low in productivity.
   B. completely freshwater.
   C. important nurseries for many fish and other animal species.
   D. no longer important for fisheries.

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Topic: Marine Ecosystems

7. The category of wetland that always contains trees is the
8. marsh.
   B. bog.
   C. swamp.
   D. fen.

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Topic: Freshwater Ecosystems

8. Unlike terrestrial communities, aquatic communities are rarely determined by the physical characteristics of the environment (other than the water itself).

FALSE

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9. The sharp boundary between a lake’s warmer epilimnion and cooler hypolimnion is called the benthos.

FALSE

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10. The temperate broad-leaved forest has become the most supportive of human occupation of any major biome.

TRUE

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Topic: Biomes

11. Ecologically, barrier islands are not good places for development.

TRUE

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Topic: Marine Ecosystems

12. Vertical zonation refers to
13. the height of the forest canopy.
    B. the longitude of a given biome.
    C. vegetation zones defined by elevation.
    D. the latitude of a given biome.

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13. The deciduous forest with the highest present-day deforestation rate is located in
14. eastern Siberia.
    B. the northern United States.
    C. western Europe.
    D. southern China.

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14. Soils in tropical rainforests are
15. thin.
    B. nutrient poor.
    C. nutrient rich.
    D. thin and nutrient poor.
    E. thin and nutrient rich.

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15. Temperate grasslands are
16. characterized by very rich soils.
    B. often converted to farmland.
    C. generally a mixture of grasses and forbs.
    D. characterized by very rich soils and often converted to farmland.
    E. characterized by very rich soils, often converted to farmland, and generally a mixture of grasses and forbs.

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16. Chaparral is
17. a type of drought-adapted shrub-land.
    B. found only in the tropics.
    C. characterized by moderate rain and snow.
    D. characterized by a dry season that corresponds with cool temperatures.

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17. Rainforests
18. are only found in the tropical latitudes.
    B. can be either temperate or tropical.

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18. Wetlands are important to conservation efforts because
19. they support rich biodiversity.
    B. they retain storm water.
    C. they are essential to bird diversity.
    D. they support rich biodiversity and retain storm water.
    E. they support rich biodiversity, retain storm water, and are essential to bird diversity.

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Topic: Freshwater Ecosystems

19. A biome is described by:
20. A specified bioregion
    B. Broadly similar environmental conditions
    C. A watershed divide, generally
    D. Geographic location
    E. Large landforms in the area

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20. Location of specific biomes can be predicted based on:
21. The coriolis effect
    B. The second law of thermodynamics
    C. Precipitation and temperature
    D. Seasonal variations in sunspots
    E. Large landforms in the area

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Diagram

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21. In the graph of precipitation and temperature, desert biomes would fall in the area marked by the letter:
22. A
    B. B
    C. C
    D. D
    E. E

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22. In the graph of precipitation and temperature, temperate forest biomes would fall in the area marked by the letter:
23. A
    B. B
    C. C
    D. D
    E. E

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23. Neo and Trinity are in a biome that has relatively stable temperatures and abundant rainfall. They have a graph of precipitation and temperature similar to the one shown. Which letter marks the biome they are located in?
24. A
    B. B
    C. C
    D. D
    E. E

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24. In the graph of precipitation and temperature, the area marked A has a:

 

rev: 02_17_2015_QC_CS-7355

1. Wide precipitation range and narrow temperature range
   B. Narrow precipitation and temperature range
   C. Wide precipitation and temperature range
   D. Wide temperature range and narrow precipitation range
   E. Varying temperature and narrow precipitation range

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Topic: Biomes

25. In the graph of precipitation and temperature, the area marked D has a

 

rev: 02_25_2015_QC_CS-7355

1. Wide precipitation range and narrow temperature range
   B. Narrow precipitation and temperature range
   C. Wide precipitation and temperature range
   D. Wide temperature range and narrow precipitation range
   E. None of the choices is correct

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26. Cloud forests are found in the ________ areas in tropical regions.
27. Hot coastal
    B. Cool mountainous
    C. Cool plains
    D. Low elevation
    E. Valley

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27. Neo finds himself sweating in a moist forest but there aren’t many streams or wetlands. He is amazed by the tremendous amount of biodiversity including an abundance of biting mosquitoes. Has he inadvertently gotten closer to his goal of finding a boreal forest?
28. Yes
    B. No, the description is that of a tropical seasonal forest
    C. No, the description is that of a temperate deciduous forest
    D. No, the description is that of a tropical rainforest
    E. No, the description is that of a temperate rainforest

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28. A biome absent from Europe is the:
29. Temperate deciduous forest
    B. Alpine tundra
    C. Desert
    D. Tropical rainforest
    E. Temperate rainforest

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29. Which of the following is an example of a specialization that plants in the desert may have?
30. Storing water in stems or roots
    B. Reducing water loss with thick epidermal layers
    C. Salt tolerance
    D. All of these are adaptations of plants living in desert conditions

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30. Deserts are characterized by
31. An absence of vegetation
    B. Sand dunes, which cause plants to grow only with difficulty
    C. Low levels of measurable precipitation
    D. Their location at 30° latitude
    E. Sand or gravel

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31. Humid tropical forests have extraordinary biological diversity
32. Because of the very fertile tropical soils
    B. Because rainfall dissolves soil nutrients and makes them available to plants
    C. Despite a complete absence of nutrients in the environment
    D. Despite the poor, weathered soils

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32. Tropical seasonal forests are specially adapted to tolerate
33. Annual cycles of extreme heat and extreme cold
    B. Years of drought followed by years of rain
    C. Annual cycles of severe drought and heavy rain
    D. Extreme drought and cold at the same time
    E. Extreme heat

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33. In contrast with the ______________, the soil of the ______________ is more nutrient-rich and this type of biome has fewer insects, parasites, and fungal diseases. Therefore, in many places, these areas are highly endangered.
34. Temperate grasslands; tropical seasonal forest
    B. Tropical rainforest; tropical seasonal forest
    C. Grasslands; boreal forests
    D. Tropical seasonal forest; tropical rainforest
    E. Boreal forests; tundra

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34. You are in an area that is relatively hot. You bend down and notice that there are tracks in the soil that are very old. Since you know that this area is easily destroyed by human activity and the harsh climate slows recovery from human damage, you conclude that this biome is
35. A tropical dry forest
    B. A desert
    C. Tundra
    D. A grassland
    E. A wetland

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35. What is unique about the Mediterranean climate area biome?
36. It is a highly desirable place to live
    B. It is only found in the Mediterranean area
    C. It has very poor soil but supports an extremely diverse array of species
    D. It has a large total area
    E. It contains a high number of unique species

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36. The word “conifer” distinguishes plants that are
37. Needle-bearing
    B. Cone-bearing
    C. Evergreen
    D. Cone-shaped
    E. Found in northern latitudes

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37. Morpheus, Trinity, and Neo are on the wet western coast of North America and as they look around, they see lots of mosses, lichens, and ferns covering the tree branches. Condensation from fog on the leaves is a major form of precipitation. Where are they?
38. Temperate rainforest
    B. Boreal forest
    C. Tropical rainforest
    D. Southern pine forest
    E. Tropical savannah

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38. Deciduous forests
39. Are adapted to extremely cold climates
    B. Have trees that bear seeds in cones
    C. Have trees that shed their leaves seasonally
    D. Are not useful commercially

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39. Many people in the United States take trips in the spring to see annual flowers that grow and flower before they are shaded by canopy. Where are these people going?
40. Deserts after winter rain showers
    B. Prairies or grasslands
    C. Tropical rainforests
    D. Temperate deciduous forests
    E. Boreal forests

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40. Having needle-shaped leaves benefits plants because needles
41. Reduce water loss and endure cold winters
    B. Are more efficient at photosynthesis because they are dark green
    C. Help evaporate water more efficiently
    D. Do not rot in the excessive rainfall that characterizes coniferous forests
    E. Are less resistant to strong winds

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41. Trinity and Neo are in an area that has many lakes and bogs. The majority of the trees are coniferous. As they look around, they also see deciduous trees, including birches, aspens, and maples. What type of forest are they in?
42. Temperate rainforest
    B. Boreal forest
    C. Tropical rainforest
    D. Southern pine forest
    E. Coastal forest

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42. Boreal forests are generally
43. Cold and dry, with extensive barren areas
    B. Warm and humid, with large rivers
    C. Dry because water is frozen most of the year
    D. Slow-growing because of the cold temperatures
    E. Soggy in the summer because of permafrost

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43. In what continent would you find a polar desert?
44. Antarctica
    B. Africa
    C. South America
    D. Australia

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44. Vertical zonation shows that not only do different biomes occur at different latitudes, but also at different ______________.
45. altitudes
    B. seasons
    C. right ascensions and declinations
    D. longitudes

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45. Tree growth in the taiga is limited by
46. The increased soil salt content from ocean tides
    B. Intense heat and dryness
    C. Competition from fast-growing grasses
    D. The lack of large predators
    E. Extreme cold and short summers

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46. Tundra biomes occur
47. At high latitudes, where temperatures are low
    B. Where rainfall is too great for tree growth
    C. Only at high latitudes
    D. Almost exclusively on Antarctica
    E. At high latitudes and altitudes, where the growing season is short

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47. Morpheus has been led into a wilderness environment and left to fend for himself for the summer. Luckily, he has a good coat because it looks like there may be a frost during the night and the mosquitoes are everywhere. As he looks around, he is relieved because he recognizes some of the plants. There are some mosses, lichens, small shrubs, sedges, and grasses. Which biome is he in?
48. Tropical rainforest
    B. Wetland
    C. Temperate rainforest
    D. Tundra
    E. Coastal area

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48. The biome type that has a short growing season and is summer feeding and breeding grounds for caribou and musk-ox is the
49. Temperate grassland
    B. Bog or fen
    C. Boreal forest
    D. Arctic tundra
    E. Arctic desert

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49. Coral reefs form in
50. Deep, warm tropical seas
    B. Cold polar seas
    C. Warm, clear tropical seas
    D. Deep, cold oceans off continental shelves
    E. Nutrient-rich coastal areas

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50. Mangrove trees are found along ________________ shorelines.
51. Tropical freshwater
    B. Tropical saltwater
    C. Temperate freshwater
    D. Temperate saltwater
    E. Tropical and temperate saltwater

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51. Why are the North Atlantic, North Pacific, and Antarctic waters the most productive?
52. Phytoplankton grow there because they do not like direct sunlight.
    B. Cold water holds the most dissolved oxygen and can therefore support greater numbers of phytoplankton.
    C. The melt waters of the nearby ice have nutrients that are released in high quantities, fertilizing the phytoplankton.
    D. Those waters are the most violently mixed, bringing up nutrients from the depths of the ocean.

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52. _________ is the basis of marine food webs.
53. Coral
    B. Minnows
    C. Sea grass
    D. Phytoplankton

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53. _____________ is where fresh water mixes with ocean water.
54. An estuary
    B. A swamp
    C. A mangrove forest
    D. A delta

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54. Which of the following protects mainland shores from the force of waves?
55. Wetlands
    B. Barrier islands
    C. Coral islands
    D. Estuaries
    E. Volcanic islands

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55. If an organism is described as ‘benthic,” where does it reside?
56. In a cave
    B. At the bottom of the ocean or a lake
    C. At the bottom of a lake only
    D. At the bottom of the ocean only

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56. Coral bleaching occurs when ___________.
57. when ocean temperatures are too cool.
    B. during low tide when coral is exposed to the air.
    C. ocean temperatures are too warm.
    D. when too much sunlight is shining on the coral.

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57. What marine ecosystem is most similar to a tropical rainforest in terms of diversity?
58. Estuary
    B. Littoral zone
    C. Pelagic zone
    D. Coral reef

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58. Barrier islands are formed of
59. Wind- and wave-deposited sand
    B. Volcanic debris
    C. Silt and mud left by estuaries
    D. Coral deposits
    E. Coral reef formations

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59. Freshwater ecosystems
60. Lack oxygen
    B. Lack carbon dioxide
    C. Include lakes, marshes, bogs, and fens
    D. Do not contain thermoclines
    E. Are not affected by nutrient availability

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Diagram

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60. What environmental factor does not change between “b” and “e” in the diagram?
61. Light penetration
    B. Temperature
    C. Nutrient availability
    D. Oxygen content
    E. All of these change between “b” and “e.”

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61. Oxygen levels are lowest in what section in the diagram?
62. A
    B. B
    C. C
    D. D
    E. E

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62. What aquatic ecosystem phenomenon is illustrated in the diagram?
63. Nutrient inputs from upstream and uphill
    B. Vertical stratification
    C. Nutrient cycling
    D. Internal convective currents
    E. Horizontal stratification

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63. The thermocline is the layer in a lake at which
64. Pollutants are trapped and held
    B. Seasonal lake mixing occurs
    C. The warm upper zone meets the cold lower zone
    D. Nutrient levels are the lowest
    E. Light no longer penetrates enough for photosynthesis to occur

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64. Which of the following is NOT a region in a lake ecosystem?
65. Epilimnion
    B. Hypolimnion zone
    C. Pelagic zone
    D. Littoral zone

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65. Wetlands are biomes that
66. Are wet all year round
    B. Are wet at least some of the year
    C. Have fresh, not salty, water
    D. Receive more rainfall than other ecosystems
    E. Have salty, not fresh, water

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66. Which type of wetland is noted for producing peat?
67. Swamps
    B. Marshes
    C. Bogs and fens
    D. Estuaries
    E. Coastal areas

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67. The difference between a wetland and a swamp is that ________.
68. Wetlands only occur at coastal areas.
    B. Wetlands are covered in water according to the tide.
    C. Swamps are always covered in water and wetlands have seasonally high water levels.
    D. A swamp has trees and a wetland does not.

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68. The biome type that has lost the greatest percentage of its original area due to human activities is the
69. Temperate conifer forest
    B. Tropical rainforest
    C. Temperate deciduous forest
    D. Temperate grassland
    E. Tropical grassland

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69. What percentage of all wetlands has been lost to human disturbance?
70. 25%
    B. 90%
    C. 50%
    D. 75%

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70. The deepest layers of the ocean are relatively devoid of life.

FALSE

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71. The coral reef is among the most endangered biological communities.

TRUE

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72. Estuaries are noted by biologists because they have few, but highly specialized biological niches.

FALSE

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73. Wetlands perform a major ecosystem service of trapping and filtering water as it passes through the wetland area.

TRUE

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74. Arctic deserts and tundras are the least disturbed by humans since they are usually unattractive places for humans to live.

TRUE

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75. An ecologist from your school who specializes in temperate forest ecology is touring the rainforests of Peru. You are giving her the first tour of the primary forest and she comments on the differences she notices between this ecosystem and the temperate ecosystem she is familiar with. Relate three of the differences she noted and explain what factors in each ecosystem lead to the differences.

 

Tropical rainforests: 1) nutrient-poor soil 2) extreme biodiversity—especially plants, amphibians, reptiles, and insects 3) temperature is warm year-round 4) almost daily precipitation occurs
Temperate rainforests: 1) nutrient-rich soil 2) not quite as many organisms—fewer species of plants, insects, amphibians, and reptiles 3) temperaure is mild year-round 4) condensation from fog makes up majority of the precipitation

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Topic: Biomes

76. Beginning in an equitorial tropical rainforest, you travel north to the arctic tundra. Name and desribe all of the terrestrial biomes you pass through on your journey.

 

Starting in the southeastern U.S., answer should mention temperate deciduous forest (covering entire eastern part of U.S.). Moving into Canada, it becomes colder and is now boreal forest. Eventually should end up in the arctic tundra. If starting in south-central U.S., temperate grasslands are the major biome; moving into boreal forest in Canada and finally into arctic tundra. Finally, if student begins in southwestern U.S., biomes mentioned may include desert, chaparral, temperate rainforest, and/or temperate grassland. Canada, once again, is boreal forest and finally arctic tundra.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: 3. Apply
Chapter: 05
Gradable: manual
Section: 05.01
Topic: Biomes

 

 

Chapter 05 Test Bank: Biomes: Global Patterns of Life Summary

 

Category-# of Questions

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation-78

Bloom’s: 1. Remember-43

Bloom’s: 2. Understand-22

Bloom’s: 3. Apply-11

Chapter: 05-78

Gradable: automatic-74

Gradable: manual-2

Section: 05.01-43

Section: 05.02-15

Section: 05.03-15

Section: 05.04-4

Topic: Biomes-70

Topic: Freshwater Ecosystems-4

Topic: Marine Ecosystems-2