Essentials of Oceanography 7th Edition by Tom S. Garrison - Test Bank Instant Download - Complete Test Bank With Answers Sample Questions Are Posted Below Essentials of Oceanography 7th Edition by Tom S. Garrison - Test BankIndicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. The only way in which calcium …
$19.99
Essentials of Oceanography 7th Edition by Tom S. Garrison – Test Bank
Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
| Essentials of Oceanography 7th Edition by Tom S. Garrison – Test BankIndicate whether the statement is true or false. |
1. The only way in which calcium carbonate sediment can form is by evaporation.
|
2. The white cliffs of Dover are chalk-like deposits of coccolithophores and are around 100 million years old.
|
3. Scientists use ocean sediments to obtain information about ocean processes throughout the history of the ocean.
|
4. Some sediment originates from the remnants of organisms.
|
5. Sediment refers to the inorganic materials that accumulate on the ocean floor.
|
6. An example of a terrigenous sediment is the manganese nodule.
|
7. Manganese nodules were discovered during the Challenger expedition and are hydrogenous sediments.
|
8. An example of a siliceous ooze are those formed from radiolarian shells.
|
9. Stratigraphy is the study of the deposition and layering of sediments over time.
|
10. Clays are the coarsest and most easily transported of the terrigenous sediments.
|
| Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. |
11. Aside from manganese, what is the other primary component of manganese nodules?
|
12. In the process of lithification, sediments ____.
|
13. Which method would be valid for classifying sediments?
|
14. Over millions of years, natural gas and oil can be formed from ____.
|
15. Large volumes of bottom sediments may be transported long distances by ____.
|
16. Which type of sediment is generated in place, on the spot where we find them?
|
17. Which sediments cover the greatest area of seabed?
|
18. More than 75% of the total ocean floor is considered ____.
|
19. Which sediments arrive in the ocean from continents via wind and water?
|
20. The oozes on the seafloor mostly consist of ____.
|
21. Radiolarians and diatoms are both examples of ____.
|
22. The depth in the ocean where the rate at which calcareous sediments are supplied to the seabed equals the rate at which those sediments dissolve. What is this depth called?
|
23. Sand is classified as sediment that has a maximum diameter of ____.
|
24. Neritic sediments are found on the ____.
|
25. Sediments that are found on the continental slope and rise and on the deep ocean floor are called ____.
|
26. Which of the following is a major source of terrigenous sediments?
|
27. The analysis of layered sedimentary deposits in the ocean is known as ____.
|
28. What type of information can scientists derive from observing deep ocean cores?
|
29. Which of the following are hydrogenous sediments?
|
30. One area in the ocean that has an extreme abundance of sediment deposition is the ____.
|
31. Most of the floor of the North Pacific Ocean is covered with ____.
|
32. Which type of sediment is most abundant in neritic deposits?
|
33. Which particles are the finest in size?
|
34. Which sediments would be considered oozes?
|
35. A depression along the boundary of a seamount where sediment has built-up is a(n) ____.
|
36. Carbonate sediments are rare in deep sea sediments because the ____.
|
37. Manganese nodules ____.
|
38. Sediment that contains a mixture of various particle sizes is referred to as ____.
|
39. Which type of sediment is of organic origin, i.e., made by organisms?
|
40. The study of the ocean’s past is referred to as ____.
|
| 41. Describe neritic sediments and explain what you would expect in the composition of a typical neritic sample. |
| 42. What is sediment and what are the four classifications of marine sediments based on their origin? |
| 43. What are the main sources of terrigenous sediments? |
| 44. Paleoceanography is the study of past processes and past events that have occurred in the ocean. What types of questions do paleoceanographers ask and what are the methods they use to obtain information about the ocean’s past? |
| 45. What is the origin of manganese nodules? |
Answer Key
| 1. False |
| 2. True |
| 3. True |
| 4. True |
| 5. False |
| 6. False |
| 7. True |
| 8. True |
| 9. True |
| 10. False |
| 11. a |
| 12. b |
| 13. a |
| 14. c |
| 15. d |
| 16. c |
| 17. b |
| 18. b |
| 19. a |
| 20. d |
| 21. c |
| 22. a |
| 23. c |
| 24. b |
| 25. a |
| 26. a |
| 27. a |
| 28. b |
| 29. b |
| 30. d |
| 31. c |
| 32. a |
| 33. c |
| 34. b |
| 35. a |
| 36. c |
| 37. c |
| 38. b |
| 39. b |
| 40. d |
| 41. Neritic sediments are those that form and are found on the continental shelves that line the Earth’s continents. Because of the proximity to the continents, most neritic sediments are terrigenous in origins; sediments are eroded from the land and carried to the ocean in rivers and streams. Once in the ocean, currents and wave action distribute sand and larger particles along the coast. Smaller particles such as clays and silts are transported off shore and are deposited on the ocean floor in deeper waters. Neritic sediments may also contain biogenous oozes in highly productive regions (i.e., where lots of microorganisms grow). Additionally, in polar regions, icebergs can transport mixtures of rocks, gravel, sand, and silt onto the continental margins. |
| 42. Sediment is a general term referring to particles of organic or inorganic matter that accumulate in a loose, unconsolidated form. The appearance of sediment can vary widely, coming in a range of sizes and types, from the common beach sand to manganese nodules of the deep Pacific seafloor. The sediments that cover the surface of seafloor are classified as 1) terrigenous sediments, that originate on the continents or islands from erosion, volcanic eruptions, and blown dust, 2) biogenous sediments that originate from microorganisms, 3) hydrogenous sediments that formed in-place from chemical reaction in the water, and 4) cosmogenous sediments, which have an extraterrestrial origin. Cosmogenous sediments are very rare in the ocean, though. |
| 43. Terrigenous sediments are those sediments that have their origins on land and are typically the most common and abundant sediment type on the ocean floor, especially in neritic deposits. There are several sources of terrigenous sediments. First, rivers transport huge amounts of sediments into the ocean and river runoff is the primary source of terrigenous sediments. Scientists predict that 15 billion metric tons of terrigenous sediment is transported by rivers to the ocean each year. Secondly, winds blow dust, sand and volcanic ash into the ocean. It is estimated that about 100 million tons of dust, sand and ash blow into the ocean each year. |
| 44. Deep-sea sediments hold about a 180 million year history about the ocean, its chemistry and its inhabitants. Paleoceanographers may ask questions about the history of the ocean and Earth. These questions may range from climate science, to species biology to geological phenomena and more. Scientists use many different sampling techniques such as clamshell samplers, piston corers, and deep-sea drilling to extract sediment samples from different depths. Paleooceanographers can infer several types of information held within these sediments including the age of the sediments, the identification of microfossils trapped in the layer of sediments, the historical temperatures of the ocean and other aspects of past ocean chemistry and behavior. In addition, scientists are currently trying to interpret both oceanic and climate change history. New advances in instrumentation and technologies have enabled scientists to probe deeper into sediments unveiling more information about the ocean of the past. |
| 45. Manganese nodules are hydrogenous sediments that are formed from in-situ chemical reactions as the minerals in the water precipitate to form a solid. Manganese nodules are primarily composed of manganese and iron oxides but have small amounts of cobalt, nickel, chromium, copper, molybdenum and zinc. Although the exact chemical mechanism by which they are formed is not fully understood, scientists do know that they grow at a rate of about 1-10 mm per million years. |
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
