Ethical Decision Making for Business International Edition 8th Edition by John Fraedrich - Test Bank

Ethical Decision Making for Business International Edition 8th Edition by John Fraedrich – Test Bank

 

Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers

 

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Chapter 5—Ethical Decision Making and Ethical Leadership

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. Which of the following is the first step in the ethical decision-making process?

a.	Being socialized into the firm’s corporate culture
b.	Applying a personal moral philosophy
c.	Recognizing that an issue requires an individual or work group to make a choice that ultimately will be judged by stakeholders as right or wrong
d.	Soliciting the opinions of others in the work group and overall business
e.	Enforcing the firm’s ethical standards with rewards and punishment

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1

 

2. Which of the following is not one of the six “spheres of influence” to which individuals are subject when confronted with an ethical issue?

a.	Educational attainment
b.	Workplace
c.	Family
d.	Legal system
e.	Community

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1

 

3. The ____ leader demands instantaneous obedience and focuses on achievement, initiative, and self-control.

a.	democratic
b.	coaching
c.	affiliative
d.	coercive
e.	pacesetting

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1

 

4. The perceived relevance or importance of an ethical issue to the individual, work group, or organization is

a.	organizational culture.
b.	immediate job context.
c.	ethical issue intensity.
d.	ethical issue morality.
e.	ethical issue cognitive state.

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1

5. According to the text, ____ seem to be more sensitive to ethical issues and less tolerant of unethical actions.

a.	men
b.	the elderly
c.	chief executives
d.	women
e.	children

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1

 

6. According to the ethical decision-making framework, the absence of punishment provides a(n) ____ for unethical behavior.

a.	reason
b.	significant other
c.	individual factor
d.	opportunity
e.	ethical issue intensity

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1

7. ____ is an aspect of the influence significant others can exercise over our ethical decision making process.

a.	Moral philosophy
b.	Cognitive moral development
c.	Individual variables
d.	Opportunity
e.	Obedience to authority

 

 

ANS:  E                    PTS:   1

 

8. Bob inspires his employees to follow a vision, facilitates change, and creates a strongly positive climate. Bob is a(n) ____ leader.

a.	authoritative
b.	persuasive
c.	coercive
d.	pacesetting
e.	affiliative

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1

 

9. People generally learn their values and principles through

a.	family.
b.	social groups.
c.	religion.
d.	formal education.
e.	All of these are ways people learn values.

 

 

ANS:  E                    PTS:   1

 

10. A coaching leader builds a positive climate by

a.	valuing people, their emotions, and their needs.
b.	focusing on communication.
c.	inspiring employees to facilitate change.
d.	focusing on achievement, initiative, and self-control.
e.	developing skills to foster long-term success, delegating responsibility, and issuing challenging assignments.

 

 

ANS:  E                    PTS:   1

 

11. If management fails to identify and educate employees about ethical problem areas, ethical issues may not reach the critical

a.	awareness level.
b.	aptitude level.
c.	ethical level.
d.	organizational level.
e.	individual level.

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1

 

12. The ____ of a corporation can be defined as a set of values, beliefs, goals, norms, and ways to solve problems shared by members of an organization.

a.	culture
b.	intentions
c.	awareness
d.	determination
e.	individual variables

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1

13. Which of the following is not a negative reinforcement of employee behavior?

a.	Demotions
b.	Firings
c.	Ignoring the behavior
d.	Reprimands
e.	Pay penalties

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1

 

14. The key components of the ethical decision-making framework include

a.	individual factors.
b.	perceived ethical issue intensity.
c.	corporate culture.
d.	none of these choices.
e.	all of these choices.

 

 

ANS:  E                    PTS:   1

 

15. Which of the following types of leaders attempts to create employee satisfaction through bartering or negotiating for desired behaviors or level of performance?

a.	Pacesetting leaders
b.	Coercive leaders
c.	Transactional leaders
d.	Transformational leaders
e.	Transmogrified leaders

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1

 

16. Following the ethical directives of a superior relates to

a.	obedience to an internal locus of control.
b.	obedience to authority.
c.	obedience to field dependence.
d.	high field dependence.
e.	opportunistic behavior.

 

 

ANS:  B                    PTS:   1

 

17. Which of the following is not a habit of ethical leaders?

a.	They are primarily concerned with themselves.
b.	They are proactive.
c.	They have a passion to do right.
d.	They are concerned with stakeholders’ interests.
e.	They are role models for organizational values.

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1

18. Which of the following leadership type has a strong influence on coworker support and building an ethical culture?

a.	Transformational leaders
b.	Transactional leaders
c.	Coercive leaders
d.	Pacesetting leaders
e.	Authoritative leaders

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1

 

19. What is the value of the ethical decision making framework presented in your book?

a.	It tells you what is right and wrong.
b.	It teaches you values.
c.	It prepares you to make informed ethical decisions.
d.	It indicates whether a decision is ethical or unethical.
e.	It helps you determine the type of leader you boss is.

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1

 

20. Numerous studies have shown that ____ within the organization have more impact on a worker’s decisions on a daily basis than any other factor.

a.	significant others
b.	religion
c.	education
d.	chief executive officers
e.	ethical issues

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1

 

21. External and internal rewards relate to which part of the ethical decision-making framework?

a.	Individual factors
b.	Significant others
c.	Cognitive moral development
d.	Intentions
e.	Opportunity

 

 

ANS:  E                    PTS:   1

 

22. The immediate job context is

a.	where one works.
b.	carrots and sticks that superiors use to influence behavior.
c.	with whom one works.
d.	is related to opportunity.
e.	all of these choices.

 

 

ANS:  E                    PTS:   1

23. When intentions and behavior are inconsistent with ethical judgments, the individual may feel

a.	good.
b.	rewarded.
c.	joy.
d.	guilt.
e.	excitement.

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1

 

24. ____ is the first sign that an unethical decision has occurred.

a.	Guilt
b.	Reward
c.	Punishment
d.	Cognitive dissonance
e.	Happiness

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1

 

25. People who believe in external ____, go with the flow because they feel the events in their lives are uncontrollable.

a.	ethical decision making
b.	leadership
c.	ethical culture
d.	locus of control
e.	significant others.

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1

 

26. Which of the following is not an individual factor than affects business ethics?

a.	Nationality
b.	Age
c.	Religion
d.	Significant others
e.	Education

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1

 

27. ____ is an organizational factor that is often thought of as like a living organism with a mind and will of its own?

a.	Oversight
b.	Significant others
c.	Organizational culture
d.	The ethical climate
e.	The legal climate

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1

 

28. Which leadership type values people, their emotions, and their needs and relies on friendship and trust to promote flexibility, innovation, and risk taking?

a.	Authoritative leadership
b.	Coaching leadership
c.	Pacesetting leadership
d.	Coercive leadership
e.	Affiliative leadership

 

 

ANS:  E                    PTS:   1

 

29. The framework for understanding ethical decision making presented in your text does not include ____ as a major determinant of ethical or unethical behavior.

a.	ethical issue intensity
b.	individual factors
c.	corporate culture
d.	evaluations and intentions
e.	ethics training

 

 

ANS:  E                    PTS:   1

 

30. Those who have influence in a work group are referred to as significant others and include

a.	peers, managers, coworkers, and subordinates.
b.	family members, peers, and coworkers.
c.	spouses and friends.
d.	employees in similar job situations.
e.	employees who hold the same job.

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1

31. Sherry’s leadership style tends to create a negative climate because of the high standards she sets. Sherry is most likely a(n) ____ leader.

a.	autocratic
b.	democratic
c.	pacesetting
d.	empathetic
e.	coercive

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1

32. A coaching leader builds a positive climate by

a.	valuing people, their emotions, and their needs.
b.	focusing on communication.
c.	inspiring employees to facilitate change.
d.	focusing on achievement, initiative, and self-control.
e.	developing skills to foster long-term success, delegating responsibility, and issuing challenging assignments.

 

 

ANS:  E                    PTS:   1

 

33. The newest research done on gender and ethical decision making shows

a.	men are generally more ethical than women.
b.	in many aspects there are significant differences between men and women.
c.	women are generally more sensitive to ethical scenarios and less tolerant of unethical actions.
d.	women are generally less sensitive to ethical scenarios and less tolerant of unethical actions.
e.	women are generally less sensitive to ethical scenarios and less tolerant of unethical actions

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1

 

34. The research between years of education attained and ethical decision making

a.	is not significant.
b.	reflects experience.
c.	education type has a significant effect on ethical decision making
d.	reveals that students are more ethical than businesspeople.
e.	is a significant factor.

 

 

ANS:  E                    PTS:   1

 

35. Research concerning nationality and the ability to make ethical decisions

a.	show no relationship between the two.
b.	is hard to interpret in an business context.
c.	suggests that organizations should be very concerned about an employee’s nationality.
d.	suggests that corporations are very concerned with such research.
e.	suggests that the influence of nationality is growing on corporate culture.

 

 

ANS:  B                    PTS:   1

 

36. Business ethics and age

a.	are negatively correlated
b.	is a simple relationship.
c.	suggest that employees with more experience have a greater knowledge to deal with complex industry-specific ethical issues.
d.	suggest that employees with less experience have a greater ability to deal with complex industry-specific ethical issues.
e.	do not have a statistically significant correlation.

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1

 

37. Employees from different countries that see themselves as going with the flow because that’s all they can do refers to

a.	external locus of control.
b.	internal locus of control.
c.	cultural locus of control.
d.	external cultural locus of control.
e.	internal cultural locus of control.

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1

38. Current research suggests that

a.	there is a significant relationship between external locus of control and ethical decision making.
b.	there is a significant relationship between internal locus of control and ethical decision making.
c.	we cannot be sure how significant locus of control is in terms of ethical decision making.
d.	there is a relationship between the central locus of control and ethical decision making.
e.	those who have an internal locus of control tend to be most ethical

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1

 

39. For people who begin the value shift that leads to unethical decisions, which of the following is not a usual justification to reduce and finally eliminate guilt?

a.	I need a paycheck and can’t afford to quit right now.
b.	Those around me are doing it so why shouldn’t I?
c.	If I don’t do this, I might not be able to get a good reference from my boss when I leave.
d.	If I don’t do this, I might not be able to get a good reference from my company when I leave.
e.	All of these statements are justifications.

 

 

ANS:  E                    PTS:   1

 

40. The book suggests that ethical leadership should be based

a.	on holistic thinking that embraces the complex issues facing firms every day.
b.	on those who have weak personal character.
c.	on those who have a weak passion to do right.
d.	on myopic thinking that embraces the complex issues facing firms every day.
e.	on people such as Madoff, Koslowski, and Ponzi.

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1

 

41. A solution to a fundamental problem in traditional personal character development, as suggested in the text,

a.	is that specific values and virtues ought to be taught to develop a set of basic beliefs.
b.	is that specific values and virtues ought to be taught to develop a set of basic moral philosophies.
c.	is that specific values and virtues ought to be taught to develop a set of basic moral philosophies across environments.
d.	is to teach individuals who want to do the right thing about corporate values, codes, and other skills to address the complexities of business.
e.	is to teach individuals who want to do the right thing about the major philosophers both from both western and eastern religions.

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1

 

42. One habit of a strong leader is having a passion

a.	to do the right thing.
b.	to be proactive
c.	to consider stakeholder interests
d.	to be role models for the organization and its employees.
e.	all of these choices.

 

 

ANS:  E                    PTS:   1

43. Leaders whose decisions and actions are contrary to the firm’s values send a signal

a.	that the firm’s values are trivial irrelevant.
b.	that he/she is providing a good example of what not to do.
c.	that the firm’s values are important.
d.	he/she is working to improve the ethical culture of the firm.
e.	that he/she cares about the environment.

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1

 

44. Which attribute of ethical leaders will not be effective unless the leader is personally involved in the key decisions that have ethical ramifications?

a.	Caring about stakeholders
b.	Being proactive
c.	Transparency
d.	Deontological
e.	Teleological

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1

 

45. Which type of leader is relies on participation and teamwork to reach collaborative decisions?

a.	Transformational
b.	Coercive
c.	Democratic
d.	Coaching
e.	Pacesetting

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1

 

46. What do strong ethical leaders need in order to make good decisions?

a.	Complete information
b.	Courage
c.	Experience making the right decisions
d.	Knowledge
e.	Strong ethical leaders need all of these.

 

 

ANS:  E                    PTS:   1

ESSAY

 

47. The ethical decision-making framework includes the concepts of ethical issue intensity, corporate culture, and individual factors. Discuss how these concepts influence the ethical decision-making process.

 

ANS:

Pages 233-234

PTS:   1

 

48. Trace the ethical decision-making process as described in this chapter. You may find it helpful to apply the model to a real business situation or to a hypothetical ethical issue you develop yourself.

 

ANS:

Pages 232-234

PTS:   1

 

49. Based on your own decision-making experiences and the material you have read in previous chapters, attempt to develop your own model, or framework, to describe the ethical decision-making process. Or, if you prefer, analyze and evaluate the synthesis model of ethical decision making.

 

ANS:

Students may draw from the entire chapter to answer this question.

PTS:   1

 

50. Discuss the differences between and the relationship between the organizational and individual factors that influence ethical decision making in business.

 

ANS:

Pages 234-237

PTS:   1