Introduction to Criminal Justice Reinforced Binding Edition Robert Bohm 9e - Test Bank

Introduction to Criminal Justice Reinforced Binding Edition Robert Bohm 9e – Test Bank

 

Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers

 

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Chapter 05

Test Bank

1. The vast majority of American law enforcement agencies are
2. A.
3. federal.
4. multi-jurisdictional.
5. foreign.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Limited Authority of American Law Enforcement

2. The basic concepts of American law enforcement and criminal justice originated in
3. New England.
4. Spain.
5. France.
6. D.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: English Roots

3. Under the tithing system, a group of 10 families (or a tithing) would follow three of the following principles. Which of the following is not a principle followed by the tithing?
4. agree to follow the law
5. keep the peace in their areas
6. C. select one man from each parish as chief peacekeeper
7. bring law violators to justice

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: English Roots

4. The Statute of Winchester formalized the ________ system of protection.
5. shire reeve
6. B. constable-watch
7. tithing
8. hue and cry

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: English Roots

5. Which of the following cities had the first modern police force?
6. New York
7. B. Paris
8. London
9. Rome

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: English Roots

6. According to Peel, the main function of the police was to ________ by ________ of the community.
7. solve crime; active investigation
8. B. prevent crime; preventive patrol
9. solve crime; preventive patrol
10. prevent crime; active investigation

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: English Roots

7. Earlier in American history, two forms of police protection began to evolve—the ________ in the villages, towns, and cities; and the ________ in the rural areas, unincorporated areas, and counties.
8. sheriff; tithing system
9. sheriff; constable-watch system
10. C. watch; sheriff
11. constable-watch system; tithing system

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement

8. Early American citizens ________ the formation of the first police departments.
9. A. resisted
10. encouraged
11. controlled
12. privately funded

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement

9. Which was the first American city to create a paid and unified municipal police force?
10. Boston
11. Chicago
12. Philadelphia
13. D. New York

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement

10. Which of the following characteristics of today’s police was taken up by municipal police officers after the American Civil War?
11. They began to carry out motorized patrol.
12. They began to rely on police radios to aid police function.
13. C. They began to wear uniforms.
14. They began to form posses.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement

11. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the first black police officers?
12. They were “free men of color.”
13. B. They were slaves.
14. They were hired around 1805 to serve as members of the New Orleans city watch system.
15. They were hired primarily because other people did not want the job.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement

12. Following the backlash to Reconstruction and the loss of jobs of black police officers, during which of the following periods were black police officers hired again in most southern cities?
13. 1890s and 1900s
14. 1920s and 1930s
15. C. 1940s and 1950s
16. 1960s and 1970s

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement

13. In the South, the earliest form of policing was the
14. A. slave patrols.
15. hue and cry.
16. sheriff and posse.
17. constable-watch system.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement

14. Which of the following forms of policing has been called the “first distinctively American police system”?
15. hue and cry
16. B. slave patrols
17. sheriff and posse
18. constable-watch system

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement

15. The slave codes held slaves responsible for their crimes and other acts that were not crimes if committed by free persons. Which of the following was NOT among these restrictions?
16. Enslaved people could not hold meetings.
17. Enslaved people could not learn to read and write.
18. C. Enslaved people could not learn skilled trades.
19. Enslaved people could not carry a firearm.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement

16. One similarity between the slave patrols and the constable-watch system was that
17. A. people could hire others to perform their duties for them.
18. citizens resented their use of firearms.
19. they had many of the trappings of today’s police.
20. they developed into today’s sheriffs’ departments.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement

17. The idea of ________ remains very popular in the South and the West.
18. federal police protection
19. police commissioners
20. C. self-protection
21. mounted militia units

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement

18. Which of the following is one of the principles advocated by August Vollmer to professionalize American policing?
19. He believed that the major function of the police was preventing and not fighting crime.
20. He believed that citizens must be given free training in methods of self-policing.
21. He advocated that police and politics need to work closely for best results.
22. D. He advocated education as a key ingredient in professionalizing policing.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement

19. At various times in American history, local police have acted in several different roles. Which of the following is NOT one of those roles?
20. social worker
21. B. firefighter
22. public servant
23. peacekeeper

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement

20. By the 1970s, research began to show three of the following findings. Which does NOT belong?
21. Unattended disorderly behavior in neighborhoods is a signal to more serious criminals that residents do not care what goes on in their community and that the criminals can move in and operate with impunity.
22. A rapid response to crime does not necessarily lead to more arrests.
23. Having more police officers using methods made popular under the professional or reform model does not significantly reduce crime.
24. D. Neighborhood-based policing projects had high success rates because of low costs, administrative efficiency, and high citizen interest.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Level: Moderate

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement

21. Which of the following is NOT am emphasis area of community policing?
22. A. fighting crime
23. delivering social services
24. eradicating the causes of crime in a community
25. keeping peace

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement

22. Identify a true statement about community policing.
23. A. It called for a shift from incident-based crime fighting to a problem-oriented approach.
24. It caused a lacuna between the people of a neighborhood and the police.
25. It placed great emphasis on patrolling using a police car.
26. It originated at a time when the enforcer role was working efficiently.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement

23. Approximately how many local, state, and federal public law enforcement agencies operate in the United States?
24. 3,000
25. 9,000
26. C. 18,000
27. 36,500

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

24. Who were the first federal law enforcement agents in the United States?
25. the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) agents
26. the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agents
27. the Secret Service agents
28. D. the U.S. Marshals

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: History of Four Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

25. Which of the following is NOT a service provided by the U.S. Marshals?
26. judicial security
27. fugitive investigations
28. C. protect national leaders
29. witness security

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: History of Four Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

26. Why was the U.S. Secret Service created?
27. A. to combat counterfeiting
28. to conduct fugitive investigations
29. to protect national leaders
30. to provide witness security

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: History of Four Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

27. When the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) was created, it was limited to investigating only a few types of crimes. Which of the following crimes was NOT one that the FBI investigated?
28. national banking crimes
29. naturalization crimes
30. C. drug crimes
31. peonage crimes

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: History of Four Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

28. Who is the longest-serving director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)?
29. Harry Anslinger
30. B. John Hoover
31. William Burns
32. William Sessions

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: History of Four Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

29. Which of the following events likely made the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) a major factor in policing?
30. passage of the Mann Act
31. passage of the National Motor Vehicle Theft Act
32. the killing of John Dillinger
33. D. the Lindbergh baby kidnapping

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: History of Four Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

30. Which of the following events did NOT contribute to the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s (FBI’s) increasing influence over local policing?
31. A. being given responsibility for the Witness Security Program
32. being given responsibility for the Uniform Crime Reports system
33. establishing its own crime lab
34. founding the National Police Academy

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Level: Moderate

Topic: History of Four Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

31. The long-serving director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) kept extensive investigative files on thousands of individuals who had been involved in controversial causes and dissident organizations. Who among the following was NOT one of those individuals?
32. Helen Keller
33. B. Charles Bonaparte
34. Joe Namath
35. Marlon Brando

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: History of Four Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

32. According to John Edgar Hoover, the purpose of counterintelligence programs (COINTELPROS) was to, among many things, ________.
33. A. expose specific groups and individuals.
34. revamp the administration of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).
35. insulate the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) from executive and legislative control.
36. accommodate dissidents and their organizations.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: History of Four Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

33. Who among the following men has NOT been a Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) director?
34. Louis Freeh
35. William Sessions
36. C. Felix Frankfurter
37. Robert S. Mueller

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: History of Four Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

34. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) has several priorities. Which of the following is NOT among the FBI’s current priorities?
35. to protect the United States from terrorist attack
36. to protect the United States from cyber-based attacks and high-technology crimes
37. to protect the civil rights of American citizens
38. D. to protect the United States from major violators of controlled substance laws operating at interstate and international levels

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: History of Four Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

35. Which of the following U.S. Presidents created the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)?
36. Theodore Roosevelt
37. John F. Kennedy
38. C. Richard Nixon
39. Bill Clinton

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: History of Four Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

36. Identify a true statement about the Harrison Narcotics Tax Act of 1914.
37. It authorized the commissioner of internal revenue to appoint agents to enforce its provisions, independent of the approval of the secretary of the treasury.
38. B. It stipulated that any person who violated the law could be fined not more than $2,000 or be imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or both.
39. It exempted derivatives of opium, such as morphine, heroin, and cocaine, from being taxed.
40. It was accurately interpreted by the Treasury Department as a tax law.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: History of Four Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

37. Who among the following men is considered the first “drug czar” of the United States of America?
38. A. Harry J. Anslinger
39. John Hoover
40. John Ingersoll
41. Robert Mueller

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: History of Four Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

38. In 2014, the United States had about one city, county, or state law enforcement officer for every ________ residents.
39. 40
40. B. 400
41. 4,000
42. 40,000

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

39. Approximately how many municipal police departments operated in the United States in 2013?
40. 125
41. 1,250
42. C. more than 12,000
43. more than 125,000

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

40. State-level law enforcement officers include three of the following groups. Which of the following does NOT belong?
41. highway patrols
42. watercraft officers
43. park rangers
44. D. sheriffs

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

41. One general grouping in your textbook lists four categories of local police duties. Which of the following is NOT one of the duties discussed in your text?
42. A. public education
43. service
44. information gathering
45. peacekeeping

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Level: Moderate

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

42. Breaking up a fight, holding back a crowd at a sporting event, or intervening in a domestic dispute before it gets violent are examples of the police duty of
43. law enforcement.
44. B. order maintenance.
45. service.
46. information gathering.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

43. Taking people to the hospital, escorting funeral processions, delivering mail for city officials, or chasing bats out of a caller’s house are examples of the police duty of
44. law enforcement.
45. order maintenance.
46. C.
47. information gathering.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

44. Which of the following is an example of the police duty of law enforcement?
45. A. testifying in court
46. breaking up a fight
47. escorting funeral processions
48. investigating a missing child case

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

45. In which of the following years were the first two women elected to the position of sheriff in the United States?
46. 1868
47. 1916
48. 1972
49. D. 1992

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

46. Which of the following is usually NOT a county law enforcement function?
47. A. protecting the governor and the capitol grounds and buildings
48. serving summonses, warrants, and various writs
49. providing courtroom security and confining and transporting prisoners
50. investigating crimes and enforcing the criminal and traffic laws of the state

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

47. Three of the following statements describe how politics affects the role of sheriff in most counties. Which one does NOT belong?
48. The authority to appoint special deputies and to award patronage jobs contribute to the sheriff’s power and influence in a county.
49. B. The sheriff must receive approval from neighboring county commissions.
50. Local politics governs the operation of the sheriff’s department.
51. The sheriff must operate as a partisan politician to remain in office.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Level: Moderate

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

48. Which of the following is a state in the United States that does NOT have a state policing agency?
49. A. Hawaii
50. Alaska
51. Michigan
52. Idaho

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

49. There are three major differences between federal law enforcement agencies and local and state police agencies. Which of the following is NOT among those differences?
50. Federal agencies such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) operate across the entire nation and even have agents serving abroad.
51. Some federal law enforcement agencies have extremely narrow jurisdictions.
52. C. A significant function performed by a special category of federal law enforcement officers is university or campus policing.
53. Federal police agencies do not, as a rule, have the peacekeeping or order maintenance duties typical in local policing.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

50. Which of the following federal law enforcement agencies employs the largest number of personnel?
51. A. the U.S. Customs and Border Protection
52. the Federal Bureau of Prisons
53. the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement
54. the Federal Bureau of Investigation

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

51. Where is the current headquarters of the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center located?
52. Quantico, Virginia
53. B. Glenn County, Georgia
54. Washington, DC
55. Charleston, South Carolina

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

52. According to the Homeland Security Act of 2002, which of the following agencies or organizations has the “primary responsibility for investigating and prosecuting acts of terrorism”?
53. the Department of Homeland Security
54. the U.S. military
55. C. federal, state, and local law enforcement agencies
56. the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Department of Homeland Security

53. With which of the following agencies are permanent legal attaches or “legats” associated?
54. the Central Investigation Agency (CIA)
55. B. the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
56. the U.S. Secret Service
57. the Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Department of Homeland Security

54. What is currently the top priority of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)?
55. being a federal police agency
56. protecting the president and other government leaders
57. C. being an intelligence and counterterrorism agency
58. enforcing the country’s immigration laws

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: The Department of Homeland Security

55. Which of the following is NOT a new development in the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) under the Obama administration?
56. tripling of the number of special agents investigating mortgage fraud
57. increasing the number of agents and analysts using intelligence to identify emerging health care fraud schemes
58. establishing the Financial Intelligence Center to strengthen the Bureau’s financial intelligence collection and analysis
59. D. increasing the number of agents working on counterterrorism

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: The Department of Homeland Security

56. A number of factors have triggered the growth of private security in the United States. Which of the following is NOT among those factors?
57. fewer constitutional limitations
58. B. lowered citizen contact
59. better control and attention to the problem
60. declining revenues for public policing

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: American Private Security

57. ________ refers to protective services that a private security firm provides to people, agencies, and companies that do not employ their own security personnel or that need extra protection, whereas ________ refers to in-house protective services that a security staff provides for the entity that employs it.
58. Proprietary security; contract security
59. External security; internal security
60. C. Contract security; proprietary security
61. Internal security; external security

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: American Private Security

58. Identify a true statement about proprietary security agents.
59. A. They constitute about 40 percent of all private security officers.
60. They are classified as sworn peace officers.
61. They are able to find jobs faster than contract security officers because of cost reasons.
62. They are solely employed in the entertainment sector.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: American Private Security

59. Your textbook lists four unresolved problems and issues relating to private security. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
60. public policing in a private capacity
61. diminished public responsibility
62. qualifications and training
63. D. political corruption from patronage jobs

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis

Level: Basic

Topic: American Private Security

60. ________ is a model of state law enforcement services in which the agency and its officers have the same law enforcement powers as local police anywhere within the state.
61. A. The state police model
62. The highway patrol model
63. The constable-watch system
64. Slave patrolling

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

61. Identify a true statement about CompStat.
62. A. It is incompatible with community policing.
63. It leads to a drastic increase in crime rates in states that have implemented them.
64. It snatches the control of everyday policing from police administrators.
65. It discourages police administrators from using their problem-solving techniques.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement

62. Jurisdiction is defined as a specific geographical area but does not include the right or authority of a justice agency to act in regard to a particular subject matter, territory, or person.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Limited Authority of American Law Enforcement

63. The constable-watch system was England’s earliest form of group protection.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Limited Authority of American Law Enforcement

64. Henry Fielding established the Bow Street Runners, who were England’s first professional detective force.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: English Roots

65. The United States has more police departments than any other nation in the world.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement

66. Until the 1920s, party politics prevented the development of professional police departments in most American cities.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement

67. During the mid-nineteenth century, it was estimated that one-third to one-half of all currency in circulation in the United States was counterfeit.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: History of Four Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

68. Counterfeiting mills operating overseas use inkjet printers because they are more efficient and the bills made with them are more difficult to detect for the U.S. authorities.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: History of Four Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

69. Until 1957, Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Director J. Edgar Hoover insisted that organized crime in the United States (at least an Italian-dominated national syndicate) did not exist.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: History of Four Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

70. The Federal Bureau of Investigation’s (FBI’s) covert domestic counterintelligence programs (“COINTELPROS”) were used against dissidents and their organizations from 1956 through 1971.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: History of Four Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

71. One of the official rationales for combining the various drug enforcement agencies was the need for better intelligence gathering on drug-trafficking organizations.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: History of Four Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

72. Nearly one-half of all local police departments in the United States employ fewer than 10 officers, and fewer than 0.5 percent employ more than 1,000 sworn personnel.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

73. The responsibilities of the eighteenth-century Paris police were much more restricted than their modern counterparts.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

74. Before the creation of the Department of Homeland Security, the Central Investigation Agency (CIA) had primary responsibility for locating terrorist groups and preventing terrorist acts in the United States.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Department of Homeland Security

75. The goal of community policing is simply to respond to symptoms of crime in a community and not to eradicate the causes of crime.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement

76. At the U.S. federal level, there are no more than 60 law enforcement agencies if all of the small agencies with very specific jurisdictions are included.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

77. Though colleges and universities employ police officers, none of these forces are comparable to small or medium-sized police departments in the United States.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

78. The response of the U.S. Congress to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, was the enactment of the Homeland Security Act of 2002.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Department of Homeland Security

79. In the highway patrol model, the agency and its officers have essentially the same enforcement powers as local police in the state and can work cases and enforce the law anywhere within the state’s boundaries.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

80. States that employ the highway patrol model often have other state law enforcement agencies with narrow service mandates.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

81. “Rewards for Justice,” a federal program that provides rewards for information that prevents or favorably resolves acts of international terrorism against U.S. citizens or property anywhere in the world, has paid more than $100 billion to more than 700 people as of October 2016.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: The Department of Homeland Security

82. The qualifications of proprietary security officers are generally lower than those of contract security officers.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: American Private Security

83. Private security complements public law enforcement in the United States.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: American Private Security

84. There are more private security companies in the United States than there are public law enforcement agencies.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: American Private Security

85. As of 2015, 80 percent of the security guards and gaming surveillance officers in the United States were African American males.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: American Private Security

86. Out of the 50 states in the United States, 42 of them have set a minimum age and education requirement for hiring private security personnel.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: American Private Security

87. The fatality rate for security guards and gaming surveillance officers is at least twice as high as the rate for all workers.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: American Private Security

88. Because of relatively low wages, private security officers frequently work part time or have another primary job and use their security job wages to supplement their incomes.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: American Private Security

89. Your textbook lists Peel’s Principles of Policing. Name 5 of these 12 principles.

Answers may include any of the following:

The police must be stable, efficient, and organized along military lines.

The police must be under government control.

The absence of crime will best prove the efficiency of police.

The distribution of crime news is essential.

The deployment of police strength both by time and area is essential.

No quality is more indispensable to a policeman than a perfect command of temper; a quiet, determined manner has more effect than violent action.

Good appearance commands respect.

The securing and training of proper persons is at the root of efficiency.

Public security demands that every police officer be given a number.

Police headquarters should be centrally located and easily accessible to the police.

Policemen should be hired on a probationary basis.

Police records are necessary for the correct distribution of police strength.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: English Roots

90. The professional model of policing inspired by August Vollmer brought several positive results to American policing. Name five of the nine results discussed in your textbook.

Answers can include any of the following:

Narrowing of the police function from social service and the maintenance of order to law enforcement only

Centralization of authority, with the power of precinct captains and commanders checked

Creation of specialized, centrally based crime-fighting units, as for burglary

A shift from neighborhood foot patrol to motorized patrol

Implementation of patrol allocation systems based on such variables as crime rates, calls for service, and response times

Reliance on technology, such as police radios, to both control and aid the policing function

Recruitment of police officers through psychological screening and civil service testing

Specific training in law enforcement techniques

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement

91. Name the findings of the four blue-ribbon reports conducted in the 1960s and 1970s to improve American policing standards. How did this affect police selection?

All four reports noted the critical role police officers play in American society, called for careful selection of law enforcement officers, and recommended extensive and continuous training. They also recommended better police management and supervision, as well as internal and external methods of maintaining integrity in police departments. In response to these recommendations, police selection has become an expensive and elaborate process.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis

Level: Difficult

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement

92. Your textbook names four generalizations about American law enforcement. Identify those four generalizations.

The four generalizations about American law enforcement are:

The quality of police services varies greatly among states and localities across the nation. There is no consensus on professional standards for police personnel, equipment, and practices. Expenditures for police services vary greatly among communities. Obtaining police services from the appropriate agency is often confusing for crime victims and other clients.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

93. In the context of local police duties, briefly explain what the acronym PEPPAS stands for.

PEPPAS stands for:

P—protect life and property

E—enforce the law

P—prevent crime

P—preserve the peace

A—arrest violators

S—serve the public

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement

94. Your textbook lists 18 core elements of the security field. Name 10 of these 18 elements.

Answers may include any of the following: physical security, personnel security, information systems security, investigations, loss prevention, risk management, legal aspects, emergency and contingency planning, fire protection, crisis management, disaster management, counterterrorism, competitive intelligence, executive protection, violence in the workplace, crime prevention, crime prevention through environmental design, and security architecture and engineering.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Level: Basic

Topic: American Private Security

95. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is comprised of many components. Name and describe six of these components.

Answers may include any of the following:

The Directorate for Management is responsible for department budgets and appropriations, expenditure of funds, accounting and finance, procurement, human resources, information technology systems, facilities and equipment, and the identification and tracking of performance measurements.

The Science and Technology Directorate is the primary research and development arm of the Department. It provides federal, state, and local officials with the technology and capabilities to protect the homeland.

The National Protection and Programs Directorate works to advance the Department’s risk-reduction mission. Reducing risk requires an integrated approach that encompasses both physical and virtual threats and their associated human elements.

The Office of Policy is the primary policy formulation and coordination component for the DHS. It provides a centralized, coordinated focus to the development of department-wide, long-range planning to protect the United States.

The Office of Health Affairs coordinates all medical activities of the DHS to ensure appropriate preparation for and response to incidents having medical significance.

The Office of Intelligence and Analysis is responsible for using information and intelligence from multiple sources to identify and assess current and future threats to the United States.

The Office of Operations Coordination is responsible for monitoring the security of the United States on a daily basis and coordinating activities within the department and with governors, homeland security advisors, law enforcement partners, and critical infrastructure operators in all 50 states and more than 50 major urban areas nationwide.

The Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (FLETC) provides career-long training to law enforcement professionals to help them fulfill their responsibilities safely and proficiently.

The Domestic Nuclear Detection Office works to enhance the nuclear detection efforts of federal, state, territorial, tribal, and local governments, and the private sector and to ensure a coordinated response to such threats.

The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) protects the nation’s transportation systems to ensure freedom of movement for people and commerce.

United States Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is responsible for protecting our nation’s borders in order to prevent terrorists and terrorist weapons from entering the United States, while facilitating the flow of legitimate trade and travel.

United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) is responsible for the administration of immigration and naturalization adjudication functions and establishing immigration services policies and priorities.

United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), the largest investigative arm of the DHS, is responsible for identifying and shutting down vulnerabilities in the nation’s border, economic, transportation, and infrastructure security.

The United States Coast Guard (USCG) protects the public, the environment, and U.S. economic interests—in the nation’s ports and waterways, along the coast, on international waters, or in any maritime region as required to support national security.

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) prepares the nation for hazards, manages federal response and recovery efforts following any national incident, and administers the National Flood Insurance Program.

The United States Secret Service (USSS) protects the president and other high-level officials and investigates counterfeiting and other financial crimes, including financial institution fraud, identity theft, computer fraud, and computer-based attacks on our nation’s financial, banking, and telecommunications infrastructure.

The Office of the Secretary of the DHS oversees activities with other federal, state, local, and private entities as part of a collaborative effort to strengthen our borders, provide for intelligence analysis and infrastructure protection, improve the use of science and technology to counter weapons of mass destruction, and create a comprehensive response and recovery system. The Office of the Secretary includes the following multiple offices that contribute to the overall Homeland Security mission.

The Privacy Office works to minimize the impact on the individual’s privacy, particularly the individual’s personal information and dignity, while achieving the mission of the DHS.

The office for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties provides legal and policy advice to DHS leadership on civil rights and civil liberties issues, investigates and resolves complaints, and provides leadership to Equal Employment Opportunity Programs.

The Office of Inspector General is responsible for conducting and supervising audits, investigations, and inspections relating to the programs and operations of the DHS, recommending ways for the Department to carry out its responsibilities in the most effective, efficient, and economical manner possible.

The Citizenship and Immigration Services Ombudsman provides recommendations for resolving individual and employer problems with the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services in order to ensure national security and the integrity of the legal immigration system, increase efficiencies in administering citizenship and immigration services, and improve customer service.

The Office of Legislative Affairs serves as primary liaison to members of Congress and their staffs, the White House and Executive Branch, and to other federal agencies and governmental entities that have roles in assuring national security.

Office of the General Counsel integrates approximately 1,700 lawyers from throughout the DHS into an effective, client-oriented, full-service legal team and comprises a headquarters office with subsidiary divisions and the legal programs for eight department components.

Office of Public Affairs coordinates the public affairs activities of all of the DHS components and offices, and serves as the federal government’s lead public information office during a national emergency or disaster. Led by the assistant secretary for public affairs, it comprises the press office, incident and strategic communications, speechwriting, web content management, employee communications, and the department’s Ready Campaign designed to help Americans prepare for and respond to emergencies.

The Office of the Executive Secretary (ESEC) provides all manner of direct support to the secretary and deputy secretary, as well as related support to leadership and management across the DHS. This support takes many forms, the most well-known of which is accurate and timely dissemination of information and written communications from throughout the DHS and our homeland security partners to the secretary and deputy secretary.

Office of the Military Advisor advises on facilitating, coordinating and executing policy, procedures, preparedness activities and operations between the DHS and the Department of Defense.

Office of Intergovernmental Affairs (IGA) has the mission of promoting an integrated national approach to homeland security by ensuring, coordinating, and advancing federal interaction with state, local, tribal, and territorial governments.

Advisory panels and committees include the following:

Academic Engagement: Engaging the academic community in the U.S. homeland security efforts

DHS Employees Committees and Working Groups: Supporting cooperative and productive labor-management relations

Preparedness, Response, Recovery Committees and Working Groups: Working across government and the private sector to prepare, respond to, and recover from large-scale emergencies

Counterterrorism Committees and Working Groups: Providing advice and recommendations on counterterrorism issues

Immigration Committees and Working Groups: Providing advice and recommendations on immigration issues

Privacy Committees: Working to protect privacy rights, including the handling of personality identifiable information as well as data integrity and other privacy-related matters

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: The Department of Homeland Security

96. A local commuter train has a suspicious package on it, found during rush hour. Several passengers said an individual dressed in dark clothes with a full-face mask on entered the train at one of its stations, dropped off the package, and exited immediately. Other passengers immediately left the train and called for security. Security personnel evacuated the train and set up a perimeter of safety and shut down all train service coming into and exiting the station. Twenty minutes later, local police received an anonymous call stating that a bomb was placed on a commuter train and was set to detonate in 24 to 48 hours unless some prisoners were released from an overseas detention center in a Middle East country. In this scenario, determine which U.S. agencies would have some jurisdiction over the incident?

Answers will vary but should include a discussion of private security within the train station; local, county, and state police duties to assist with public safety and coordination of information to identify the suspect; proper notification and primary jurisdiction of the Department of Homeland Security (especially TSA, Office of Operations Coordination, Office of Intelligence and Analysis), the FBI (domestic terrorism and intelligence gathering), and ATF (explosive device) as primary federal agencies to investigate a threat of domestic terrorism.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

Level: Moderate

Topic: American Private Security

Category                                                                                                                                                       # of Questions

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation                                                                                                                                       96

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis                                                                                                                                                5

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension                                                                                                                                     23

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge                                                                                                                                            67

Bloom’s Taxonomy: Synthesis                                                                                                                                               1

Level: Basic                                                                                                                                                                            68

Level: Difficult                                                                                                                                                                       1

Level: Moderate                                                                                                                                                                      27

Topic: American Private Security                                                                                                                                          13

Topic: English Roots                                                                                                                                                              7

Topic: History of Four Federal Law Enforcement Agencies                                                                                                 19

Topic: The Department of Homeland Security                                                                                                                      8

Topic: The Development of American Law Enforcement                                                                                                      22

Topic: The Limited Authority of American Law Enforcement                                                                                              3

Topic: The Structure of American Law Enforcement                                                                                                            24