Management of Occupational Health and Safety 6th Edition by Lori Francis Bernadette - Test Bank

Management of Occupational Health and Safety 6th Edition by Lori Francis Bernadette – Test Bank

Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

Test Bank to accompany Management of Occupational Health and Safety, 6e 5-1
Chapter 5—Physical Agents
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What three characteristics is the human hearing response conditional on?
a. duration, standards, and loudness
b. loudness, duration, and level
c. frequency, standards, and level
d. frequency, duration, and loudness
ANS: d
PTS: 1
REF: p. 119
BLM: Remember
2. In what three ways can noise affect humans?
a. cognitive effects, sensorineural damage, and sociological effects
b. physiological damage, physiological effects, and psychological effects
c. sociological damage, psychological effects, and sensorineural damage
d. physiological effects, sociological effects, and cognitive damage
ANS: b
PTS: 1
REF: p. 120–121
BLM: Remember
3. What two basic types of physiological damage can create hearing loss?
a. trauma and infection
b. sensorineural and infection
c. conductive and sensorineural
d. trauma and conductive
ANS: c
PTS: 1
REF: p. 120
BLM: Remember
4. According to the Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, when might a workplace be
too noisy?
a. when employees stop going out after work
b. when employees have chronic ear infections
c. when employees have a general feeling of fatigue
d. when numerous employees have hearing problems
ANS: a
PTS: 1
REF: p. 122
BLM: Higher order
5. Long-distance truck drivers could be subject to what whole-body vibration related problem as a
5-2 COPYRIGHT © 2014 by Nelson Education Ltd.
result of sitting over or near the engine for long periods of time?
a. Raynaud’s phenomenon
b. impaired vision
c. sore joints
d. muscle atrophy
ANS: b
PTS: 1
REF: p. 124–125
BLM: Higher order
6. Rick is the supervisor of a road crew working on highway resurfacing. What administrative
control would help his workers acclimatize to working in the heat?
a. a heat stress assessment
b. reduced worker activity
c. cooling vests
d. mandatory water breaks
ANS: d
PTS: 1
REF: p. 129
BLM: Higher order
7. What condition is an employee likely experiencing if he or she reports tingling in the fingers, loss
of sensation in the fingers, and loss of grip strength?
a. HAVS
b. hyperpyrexia
c. hyperreflexia
d. neuritis
ANS: a
PTS: 1
REF: p. 125
BLM: Remember
8. Marguerite turns up the sound on her computer speakers by 3 dB to play her favourite song. How
much louder would this sound be to Genevieve who is in the next cubicle next?
a! just as loud
b! twice as loud
c! three times as loud
d! five times as loud
ANS: b
PTS: 1
REF: p. 19
BLM: Higher order
9. What heat-related condition could you resolve by giving workers salty crackers along with some
water?
a. heat stroke
b. heat syncope
Test Bank to accompany Management of Occupational Health and Safety, 6e 5-3
c. heat cramps
d. heat hyperpyrexia
ANS: c
PTS: 1
REF: p. 128
BLM: Higher order
10. What type of non-ionizing radiation is more likely to cause damage to the retina of the eye?
a. high-energy X-rays
b. far infrared radiation
c. short ultraviolet radiation
d. long ultraviolet radiation
ANS: d
PTS: 1
REF: p. 133
BLM: Higher order
11. In the equation for thermal stress, what does the character M stand for?
a. body mass
b. metabolic heat production
c. metabolism
d. mechanical energy
ANS: b
PTS: 1
REF: p. 27
BLM: Remember
12. What statistical value should Aiko look at to compare the hearing protection of various devices on
the market?
a. dB(A)
b. Hz
c. WBGT
d. NRR
ANS: d
PTS: 1
REF: p. 23
BLM: Higher order
13. What factor would explain why in a cold climate, Worker A can raise their body temperature by
four degrees by jogging on the spot or skipping with a rope, whereas Worker B can only raise their
body temperature by two degrees?
a. Worker A is in better physical condition.
b. Worker B is an older worker.
c. Worker A is a non-smoker.
d. Worker B is female.
ANS: d
5-4 COPYRIGHT © 2014 by Nelson Education Ltd.
PTS: 1
REF: p. 129
BLM: Higher order
14. In what situation could frostbite happen as quickly as frostnip?
a. when the temperature is below –30 degrees C.
b. when the worker has inadequate hand and foot protection
c. when the worker is exposed to cold compressed gas
d. none because frostbite takes more time to develop than frostnip
ANS: c
PTS: 1
REF: p. 130
BLM: Higher order
15. Which of the following devices emits ionizing radiation?
a. computer monitor
b. fluorescent light
c. tanning bed
d. hospital scanner
ANS: d
PTS: 1
REF: p. 132–134
BLM: Remember
16. What has research to date indicated about the use of cellphones and the risk of brain cancer?
a. Cancer risk is unclear.
b. Cancer risk varies with gender.
c. Cancer risk varies with age of the cellphone.
d. Cancer risk varies with amount of usage.
ANS: a
PTS: 1
REF: p. 132–134
BLM: Remember
17. The effect of noise exposure in the workplace is measured using what type of device?
a. dosimeter
b. audiometer
c. octave band analyzer
d. sound pressure level meter
ANS: b
PTS: 1
REF: p. 122
BLM: Remember
18. School boards can generate the “free field effect” for teachers by taking what action?
Test Bank to accompany Management of Occupational Health and Safety, 6e 5-5
a. requiring open classroom windows
b. installing white noise machines
c. having longer recess and lunch periods
d. making teachers close classroom doors
ANS: c
PTS: 1
REF: p. 122
BLM: Higher order
19. What is the required noise attenuation in a commercial laundry with the following characteristics:
actual noise level is 95 dB(A) and the standard is 88 dB(a) for eight hours?
a! 1 dB(A)
b! 14 dB(A)
c! 49 dB(A)
d! 176 dB(A)
ANS: b
PTS: 1
REF: p. 123
BLM: Higher order
20. Akanksha is a dental hygienist who cleans patient’s teeth for 35 hours a week. What is the most
realistic way of minimizing segmental vibration from the electric polishing brush?
a. using a manual polishing brush
b. reducing the number of patients that she sees
c. loosening her grip on the polishing brush
d. adding padding to the handle of the brush
ANS: d
PTS: 1
REF: p. 132–134
BLM: Higher order
NARRBEGIN: Scenario 5-1
Read the following scenario and answer questions 21–25.
Imagine a large scale kitchen operation such as the Mandarin, Boston Pizza, or Swiss Chalet. Even
though restaurant customers might experience a relatively quiet, comfortable, and relaxing
atmosphere out front, in the kitchen area, there are many physical agents that can impair the safety
and health of kitchen workers and servers.
NARREND
21. During the dinner hour when there are a lot of boiling pots, frying pans, and hot ovens in constant
operation, what is likely to be the typical humidex range captured using the WGBT index?
a! 20–29 degrees C.
b! 30–39 degrees C.
c! 40–45 degrees C.
d! 46+ degrees C.
ANS: c
5-6 COPYRIGHT © 2014 by Nelson Education Ltd.
NAR: Scenario 5-1
PTS: 1
REF: p. 128
BLM: Higher order
22. If a kitchen worker gets locked into the walk-in freezer either by accident or by a misguided prank,
when you finally find them, what symptom would tell you that he or she is suffering from
moderate hypothermia?
a. intense pain in fingers
b. abnormal drowsiness
c. decreased respiration
d. irrational behaviour
ANS: b
NAR: Scenario 5-1
PTS: 1
REF: p. 130–131
BLM: Higher order
23. From which source could a chef or sous chef (preparation cook) be exposed to ionizing radiation?
a. microwave oven
b. kitchen computer
c. vegetables
d. aluminium pan
ANS: c
NAR: Scenario 5-1
PTS: 1
REF: p. 132–134
BLM: Higher order
24. There are four mechanical dishwashers in the kitchen running at the following sound ratings: 82
dB, 84 dB, 86 dB, and 88 dB. A 2 dB difference translates to a noise factor increase of 2.1 dB, a 4
dB difference to a factor of 1.5, and a 6 dB difference to a factor of 1.0. Given this information,
what is the total noise level coming from the dishwashers?
a! 85.0 dB
b! 86.1 dB
c! 87.5 dB
d! 89.0 dB
ANS: d
NAR: Scenario 5-1
PTS: 1
REF: p. 138–139
BLM: Higher order
25. The kitchen has a number of large floor-standing mixers for mixing large batches of cake and
bread dough. The frequency of these mixers is 75 Hz. What part of the body would be affected by
resonance at this frequency?
a. head
b. eyeballs
Test Bank to accompany Management of Occupational Health and Safety, 6e 5-7
c. shoulder
d. arms
ANS: b
NAR: Scenario 5-1
PTS: 1
REF: p. 125
BLM: Higher order
TRUE/FALSE
1. The eye is the primary organ at risk from ionizing radiation.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: p. 132–133
2. Dog trainers can experience hearing loss from using a “silent” dog whistle.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: p. 119
3. Engineers working in the engine room of a cruise ship are more likely to experience segmental
vibration than chefs working in the cruise ship kitchen.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: p. 129
4. Ear muffs are more costly but more comfortable than earplugs.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: p. 123
5. To measure the gross noise level in the casino, the casino’s health and safety manager, Kamran,
will use a sound pressure level meter.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: p. 122
6. As their popularity increases, the move from playing in small clubs to playing in large stadiums
can produce tinnitus for band members if they are not careful.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: p. 120
5-8 COPYRIGHT © 2014 by Nelson Education Ltd.
7. The heat level in a crowded room or subway car rises due to convection.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: p. 127
8. While at work, Zamboni drivers who resurface the ice in hockey arenas are more likely to have
lower blood pressure than athletic trainers working in arena dressing rooms.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: p. 127
9. Marlee is a hard-of-hearing worker in a candy factory. Her supervisor can assume that she does not
need the same types of hearing protection as the other workers.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: p. 121
10. If a roofer is suffering from hyperpyrexia after installing replacement shingles for eight hours in
the hot sun their skin will be dry and tight.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: p. 129
SHORT ANSWER
1. Describe the legal steps an employer/HRM must take to control hazardous noise in the workplace.
What is the most effective noise control method?
ANS:
An employer/HRM will want to use the source–path–human strategies to control hazardous noise
in the workplace. The best method for dealing with noise in the workplace is to reduce noise at the
source. If a worker is exposed to noise above the legal noise exposure limit, the employer must,
perhaps with the help of experts, investigate and implement engineered noise-control options to
reduce the noise exposure of workers below the recommended exposure limits, if possible. If it is
not possible to reduce noise levels, the employer must reduce noise exposure to the lowest level
possible, post warning signs in the noise hazard areas (workers in a posted noise hazard area must
wear hearing protection), provide affected workers hearing protection that meets the legal stand-
ards, and ensure that hearing protection is worn effectively in noise hazard areas. This last strategy
of using personal protective equipment is less costly but not always the most effective.
PTS: 1
REF: 121–123
Test Bank to accompany Management of Occupational Health and Safety, 6e 5-9
2. Discuss commonalities in regards to the origins, effects, and control of the four types of physical
agents.
ANS:
All physical agents are related to sources of energy—noise comes from sound waves, vibration
from objects in motion (kinetic energy), radiation from electromagnetic energy, and thermal stress
from thermodynamic energy.
All physical agents can cause a range of injuries and illnesses from minor to severe e.g. annoyance
to complete hearing loss, minor cut to amputation, cataracts to death, number fingers to frostbite.
The control of all physical agents follows the source–path–human strategy. The first line of de-
fense is to remove the source, if possible, through engineering and administrative controls. The
second line of defense is to block the path (move the worker away) from the source through engi-
neering and administrative controls and PPE. If these are not successful or viable then the last line
of defense is to protect the human through personal protective equipment.
PTS: 1
REF: p. 118–134
3. What obligations do employers have to ensure that the workers are safe from the dangers of heat
exposure?
ANS:
• Conduct a heat stress assessment.
• Implement engineering controls to reduce the level of heat.
• Adjust work-rest schedules to reduce exposure.
• Provide personal protective equipment.
• Ensure cool drinking water is accessible near the worksite.
• Limit exposure through work rotation.
• Install fans or air conditioning.
• Allow time to acclimatize.
• Provide drinking water.
• Support the use of sun hats, sunscreen, and eye protection.
PTS: 1
REF: p. 129
4. Describe several factors that the Canadian Forces would have to take into account in developing a
cold-weather occupational health and safety strategy for Forces members working at bases in the
northernmost territories of Canada (Yukon, Northwest Territory, and Nunavut).
ANS:
The first consideration is to consider what engineering controls such as heaters and shields could
protect all members working at these bases from extremely cold temperatures. Secondly, they
could consider how administrative controls such as work and rest schedules and shut and closure
requirements might need to be modified for these bases. Personal protective equipment must more
5-10 COPYRIGHT © 2014 by Nelson Education Ltd.
than meet the extremes of temperature experienced in these places and should also be taken into
account. In addition to dealing with temperature, consideration must be given to the potential
hazard and associated eye damage arising from sustained exposure to the glare from snow and ice.
Last but not least, the Forces have to consider individual differences that would make some Forces
members more susceptible to cold-related illnesses. These include age, gender, fatigue, diseases,
health conditions, and consumption of drugs and alcohol. Rather than screening out Forces
members with these characteristics, which could be discriminatory as predisposition does not
always produce illness, the Forces should develop a wellness strategy that helps all members
acclimatize to the cold.
PTS: 1
REF: p. 129–131
PROBLEM
It is rare to see employees in a trendy club wearing any kind of hearing protection. As the new HR
manager, explain why club owners and managers may not be protecting club employees from ex-
cessive noise and what you could suggest to them that might reduce the risk of hearing loss.
ANS:
Owners may not be protecting club employees for a number of reasons including not seeing sound
as noise, not knowing what the actual noise level is in the club, and not hearing from employees
that they are experiencing noise-related issues. Noise is unwanted sound and in a club setting, high
levels of sound at varying frequencies are typically seen as desirable, whether the sound is coming
from the band or DJ, from the servers or from the patrons. With a few exceptions, such as piano
bars, a quiet club is an unsuccessful club. Owners and managers want loud music even if this
means that employees and patrons have to shout to hear each other—it all contributes to an excit-
ing and vibrant atmosphere. They may have no idea how high the noise level is, what the provin-
cial standards are, or what frequencies are causing the most distress to employees (and possibly to
patrons). Even if club employees are experiencing symptoms of hearing loss, they may not bring
these to the manager’s attention, fearing that their profitable shifts or job security may be threat-
ened.
In order to get past this barrier, it may be necessary to hire an outside specialist to conduct a noise
assessment in order to get objective data throughout the club’s operating hours. These specialists
can use a combination of equipment including a sound pressure level meter, an octave band ana-
lyzer, a dosimeter, and an audiometer. It is important that they capture human response to noise,
not just level or frequency, to find out how different employees are perceiving noise in the club.
When the data is collected, they will need calculations to be done to determine the total noise level
from different sources and compare it to provincial standards.
In a club, it is difficult to control noise because it is coming from not just one piece of equipment
but from multiple sources around the venue—speakers, band instruments, bar equipment (blend-
ers, sinks, ice machines, glass washers), and people (entertainment, bar staff, servers, patrons).
Engineering controls could mean turning down the speaker volume. A 3db difference will cut the
perceived noise level from the entertainment source in half. Changes to flooring and wall covering
Test Bank to accompany Management of Occupational Health and Safety, 6e 5-11
are also engineering controls that could increase absorption rather than reflect noise around the
club. Partitioning off the club rather than having one giant open space could make a difference.
Rotating employees between the quieter and louder areas of the club could reduce the risk, as well
as scheduling them off from the busiest times every few weeks (e.g. every 4th weekend off). Club
employees who do not have to interact directly with customers should wear hearing protection.
Although it might not be well received by some patrons or employees, having customers place and
pay for their orders electronically could take away another source of noise in a large club. Similar-
ly, allowing only texting and not cellphone calls in the club could also reduce noise, as many cus-
tomers do not care to hear other people’s conversations when they are out for a good time, but this
may encounter some opposition from customers.
The owners and managers will have to balance off their legal risk to protect their employees form
hearing-related injury and illness with their ability to run a viable business. Getting the facts,
knowing the law, and asking for input from employees and experts can help them to take reasona-
ble precautions and avoid future lawsuits.
PTS: 1
REF: p. 118–123